In October 1940, Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Chongqing, and most of China's territory was lost. Under these circumstances, Chiang Kai-shek did not want to resist the Japanese invasion wholeheartedly, and still engaged in friction with the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army in various places, as if the priority of fighting a civil war was once again placed before the War of Resistance.
Under these circumstances, Chiang Kai-shek sent a telegram ordering the New Fourth Army to move north, demanding that the New Fourth Army withdraw from the southeast region. In order to consider the overall situation of the War of Resistance, the CPC Central Committee agreed to Chiang Kai-shek's order and sent a telegram ordering the New Fourth Army to lead the army north. However, what was unexpected was that Chiang Kai-shek secretly ordered Gu Zhutong and Shangguan Yunxiang to solve the New Fourth Army on the spot.
On January 4, 1941, the New Fourth Army began to lead the army north, and on January 6, it was ambushed by Chiang Kai-shek in Jing County, Anhui Province, and the New Fourth Army suffered heavy losses, the commander Ye Ting was captured, the deputy commander Xiang Ying, and the chief of staff Zhou Zikun were killed after the breakthrough. Most of the soldiers were killed in battle, which is the famous "Anhui Southern Incident" at home and abroad.
Chiang Kai-shek, who was in the midst of civil war, triumphantly said that he had won an unprecedented victory after the events in southern Anhui. Soon after, however, the situation brought tears to his eyes.
In order to bring Chiang Kai-shek back to the line of the War of Resistance, the Communist Party of China adopted a strategy of supplementing the military with politics as the mainstay, and the people throughout the country were eager to get rid of Chiang Kai-shek as soon as possible. Internationally, the United States and the Soviet Union were stunned by Chiang Kai-shek's operations.
Roosevelt quickly expressed his sympathy for the Communists and demanded that Chiang Explain what he had done.
Under the internal and external difficulties, Chiang Kai-shek had to withdraw his careful thinking about fighting the civil war, wiped his "tears" of repentance, and promised that he would not make mistakes afterwards.
Throughout the entire course of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chiang Kai-shek's attitude toward Japan has always been ambiguous, but on the contrary, he has always held the mind of dealing with the Communist Party and is really unable to distinguish between the important and the important leaders of the country, and it is no wonder that he has retreated from Taiwan in defeat and looked to the mainland for the rest of his life.