In China's more than a thousand years of history of the imperial examination, the last subject examination in 1904 entered the top three were Liu Chunlin, Zhu Ruzhen and Shang Yanjun. Folk rumors originally came first zhu ruzhen, because Lafayette Empress Dowager Cixi felt that Liu Chunlin's name had a good meaning, so she pointed it as a champion, thus placing Zhu Ruzhen of Guangdong in the back row and pointing it as a list.
This is folklore, do not know whether it is true or not. There is also a similar legend in Huguan County, Changzhi City, that during the Ming Hongwu period, Guo Chong, a Huguan person, won the first place in the imperial list, because Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang felt that Guo Chong looked a little ugly, he was demoted to the second place and became the eye of the list. The legend of Guo Chong's true title has also been written into the local history many times, and it is even more true and false, and it is impossible to distinguish between true and false.
The Ming Wanli "Lu'an Fu Zhi Chronicle IV: Strange Stories" contains:
There is an ancient Arctic Shrine in the West Mountain of Huguan Berlin, which is secluded and people dare not enter at night. When Guo Chong was not in the first place, he and his friends Jia Min and Li Su took the gods. After the second friend first made the diving seat, he wanted to drink chong. His people overheard Shen Yun: "Guo Zhuangyuan borrowed wat." "Elderly, take the wat, and see that God has given it." After The Opening of the Family, the first song of the Gong, and the ascension of the temple, Taizu saw his gaze from under the shadow of the candle, and said: "True Eye." "Because of the second place of Yi, people are still called Guo Zhuangyuan.
Qing Kangxi's "Huguan County Chronicle, RenPinZhi, Jinshi" contains:
Guo Chong,Zixiang Zixiang,Zhi Chunqiu,栢林镇人. Hongwu Gengzhi Township Examination Eighth Place, Xinhai Zhongjinshi, the first to open the science list and the first, awarded the examination merit. According to the father and the elderly, when the time and friends parted at night, they took the gods from the Arctic Temple in this town, and the crowd served them. Hearing the words of the gods in the temple: "This evening Guo Zhuangyuan borrowed wat?" "When the time comes, Guo Zhi takes, and the god of Wat stands up and gives it, shows the multitudes, and sends the wat, and the god still stands up and receives it." After the trial of the Jin Shi Ting, the first pass. Emperor Ming Taizu looked at him in the shadow of a candle. The second place is Wu Bozong. Emperor Yue: "Bozong celebrity." "It is filled with Bozong as the champion, and Chong as the second."
Later, in the Qianlong QingQianlong "Lu'an Fu Zhi", there is the same record as the Ming Wanli version of the "Fu Zhi", but the position is moved from the "Strange Anecdotes" to the "Miscellaneous Records". There are very similar records in the two versions of the "Huguan County Chronicle" of Qianlong and Daoguang, and even the Qing Yongzheng and Guangxu versions of the "Shanxi Tongzhi", which are nothing more than the same statement: Guo Chong was erudite and talented, and he was very famous for his study of the Spring and Autumn Period. He often learned with his friends Jia Min and Li Youche, and in the course of conversation, he often promised himself to be the first person. When the temple test revealed the roll call, it was indeed the first place in high school. However, when Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang personally summoned him, he saw guo Chong's face in the flickering of the candle shadow worse than that of the second wu bozong, so he demoted Guo Chong to the rank of eye, and Wu Bozong became a new branch leader.
More than 130 years after Guo Chong zhongjinshi, Chen Ting, a Zhejiang Deqing man who was a jinshi in the fifteenth year of Hongzhi (1502), was both an official and a scholar, and served as a scholar in Shanxi. When he was in Shanxi, he was not too big a deal, and wrote a poem for Guo Chongming, which was included in the Ming Wanli and QingQianlong editions of the Lu'an Fu Zhi:
"The Three Jin Dynasty ancient kingdoms, many different people throughout the ages. Weiz Hushan Xian, founding Tweeter. Micro-time wits, plastic dolls up underextended. Denglong sang with a head of air pressure of three thousand groups. Whoever does not look good, the casual clothes are all economical. When to worship the relics, the wind and dust of the ages. ”
Folklore can be believed or not. However, when the officials of the dynasty wrote poems saying that this matter was consistent with the legend, and wrote it into the local chronicles, not only the county chronicles, but also the prefectural and provincial chronicles, do you say that you believe it or do you not believe it? Since there is such a sound circulating, it is not necessarily out of thin air, it is said that at the time of the test, Wu Bozong was the twenty-fourth and Guo Chong was the first.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the examination was held every three years in the capital, and the time was held in the township in the following year. Under the auspices of the Ministry of Ceremonies, all provincial lifters and Guozi supervisors can take the examination, and those who pass the examination become gongshi. The temple examination is held in the year after the examination, and the candidates are gongshi. Gongshi generally did not fall behind in the temple examination, but the emperor rearranged the ranking. The temple examination was presided over by the emperor himself, and after the palace examination was completed, the next day the file was read, and the third day was released. Admission is divided into three top three: one first three, shi jin shi and the first, the first name yuan, two list eyes, three tanhua. The second grade is given to the jinshi, and the third is given to the same jinshi. The first, second, and third grades are all commonly known as jinshi, and they are immediately appointed as officials after the temple examination.
Very fortunately, among the more than one hundred people in The list of more than one hundred jinshi in the Hongwu fourth year (1371), there were three from Huguan County, Guo Chong and Jia Min and Li Su. Guo Chong was appointed as the head of the Examination Gong Division, and Jia Min and Li Su were given the titles of Wuning County and Yichun County, Jiangxi Province, respectively. The whole country admits 100 people, and a small mountainous county accounts for three, which is much more difficult than huguan county middle school to be admitted to ten Peking University Tsinghua students a year.
The temple examination was originally presided over by the emperor himself, just like the public examination interview, it is inevitable to look at the face, after all, everyone has a heart for beauty. In the Ariake generation, it is required to obtain all the materials for the examination of the scholars, "if you set up a discipline to take the soldiers, you will get the whole materials." Officials can only be able to do so, and they can be made to govern the way. "Interview, the willful component of the chief examiner must have some, the emperor arranged this way, there must be his reason, not necessarily because the face is ugly so simple."
Wu Bozong, who became the head of the yuan, was not the imaginary little white face, that was indeed the role of a literary and martial all-rounder, he was an astronomer in the early Ming Dynasty, who participated in the revision of the "Great Ming Calendar" and the biography of the Later Concubines. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), he was promoted to the rank of scholar of Wuyingdian University, and was ordered to translate the "Hijri Calendar", "Longitude and Latitude", "Astronomy" and other books, with outstanding results.
And the relationship between Guo Chong and Wu Bozong does not seem to be because they are competitors, and there is a poem by Guo Chong in the "Lu'an Poetry Banknote", entitled "Zhongshu Province Feng and Wu Gong Bozong", indicating that the two sing and communicate with each other and have a harmonious relationship. In the poem, there is no complaint that the emperor gave the hand-picked title to Wu Bozong, and he himself became the leader of the list. The poem reads:
Phoenix City Que Zixiao, the number of Pi Chengwang Qi returned. The old saying is that the book Fu Luoyi, zai Zhan Yu Shu will tu shan. Taiping has elephants cultivating sangsheng, while playing without hearing the armor. Since the ancient talents are flourishing, may the song heaven protect the dragon face.
Guo Chong in history seems to be the one thing that examined the emperor's list, and has never seen other records, but in his hometown of Huguan County, there is still a story about the "Guo Ge old escort", vivid and lively.
It is said that during the Ming Dynasty, there was a minister surnamed Han in the dynasty, who was a villager from Guazhao Village in Dianshang Town, Huguan County, and he was also the brother-in-law of Guo Ge, the old Guo Chong of the Huguan people. Han Cheng Xiang's high-ranking official Houlu had great power in his hands, but the people's hearts were insufficient, and they even had the heart to seek power. Therefore, Han Chengxiang colluded with his henchmen and came up with a set of methods for abducting and driving out, in an attempt to kill the emperor in the wilderness and usurp the throne.
One morning, Han Cheng xiang gave the emperor a recital and said: "There is a small partial bridge in the melon palm, and there are twenty-four golden strips on the bridge; the small round mountain, raising his hand to reach the sky, if he can't reach it, step on a half-head brick; climb the Wind Ridge and see three cities at a glance." There are countless fairy land divine pools, everywhere is a good scenery, the mouth tower shop Weiwei pool, the north and south head of the palm pool, The Shipo Ankou Panma Pond, the Yangjia Pond on the Big River Bridge, the Goose House Liuquan Ertu Pond, the North and South Diao Palm Small Reed Pond, the East and West King's House Record Hundred Pools, the Shushang Saili Dragon County Pool, the East and West Guishan Huangye Pond, the Chuandi Hedeng Four Ponds, the Ten Mile Seven Mile Changjia Pond, the Xincun Tuhe River has a Heavenly Pond, open the stone gate to see the pool, the copper gang iron bottom swallow pond. ”
After Emperor Zhu saw it, he praised it one after another. So he instructed the eunuch to pass on the instructions to ride and board the tour of Huguan. Suddenly, a minister came out of the class and knelt down, directly advising him. It turned out that this minister was none other than Han Cheng xiang's brother-in-law Guo Ge Lao Guo Chong . Guo Ge's hometown is Xiaonanqing Village in Huguan County, and he perceives that his brother-in-law has bad intentions, acts in a cunning manner, and hides a heart for rebellion. Regardless of his relatives, he immediately risked his life to stop the driver.
Elder Guo Ge said, "Those names written on the song chapter, Hu Guan really have." There is a small partial bridge in Guazhao Village, but there are no twenty-four golden strips on the bridge, only twenty-four iron bars. There is a stone cave on the hill, and the stone cliff at the top of the cave is engraved with the word 'heaven', which is seven or eight feet high from the ground, and the big man can reach it, the small man can't reach it, and the pad is three or two bricks, and it is not possible to touch the blue sky above our heads. Standing on the Fengze Ridge, you can see the three villages of Xincheng, Zhaocheng and Xingcheng under the mountain, not the three cities. There are also fourteen scenic pools, except for the swallow pond, which is a pool, and the rest are the names of small villages. Although there are also small dry ponds in some villages, they are all flowing in the rain, and there is no clear spring living water, even the swallow pond in the city, not only does not have any copper gang iron bottom, but also a drainage pond that has dried up all year round. Huguan County is a poor ridge mountainous area at the top of the Taihang Mountains, with high and cold terrain, long-term lack of water, and in the dry years, there is no grass. The wind is blowing, the sand is blowing, where is the beauty of the mountains and rivers to enjoy? ”
Emperor Zhu withdrew his intention to travel to Huguan and immediately dismissed Han Cheng xiang from his official position and degraded his family to the people. Guo Ge's boss righteously destroyed his relatives, escorted the driver with merit, and the official was promoted to a pin. According to the fact that huguan is short of water all year round and the river is dry and the pond is dry, the farmland tax of the villagers is reduced. Since then, the Han and Guo families in the area around Dianshang Town in Huguan County have become enemies and have no contact with each other.
However, for now, it seems that Han Chengxiang, the elder brother-in-law of Guo Chong Guo Ge, is not only a good propagandist, but also an optimistic romantic and prophet. In just a few words, so many village names and place names in Huguan County were linked together and exaggerated. In the past, the pot pass was short of water, so the village was mostly named after the pond, which was a good wish in itself, but now the wish has really come true. Huguan is no longer a dry pot, but a green pot with beautiful ecology and vitality.
I think that if Guo Chong was born to today's Huguan, with his cultural attainment, he would definitely be more beautiful and better than Han Chengxiang.