introduction
In China's more than 5,000 years of history, various dynasties and generations have been born in this Chinese land. Coincidentally, ten regimes turned out to be of the same bloodline.
Western han dynasty
In 202 BC, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and declared himself emperor in Dingtao, Shandong, creating a glorious reign under the Liu clan. At the same time, this also implies that the Liu Yan lineage, founded by his father Liu Xuan, began.
Tu 丨 Liu Bang was proclaimed emperor
In 141 BC, Liu Che, the tenth son of Emperor Jing of Han, ascended the throne, and was known as Emperor Wu of Han. At this point, a magnificent chapter of the prosperity of the Han Dynasty was opened, and the national strength of the Western Han Dynasty reached its peak.
Figure 丨 Emperor Wu of Han Liu Che
The prosperous era will eventually become history with the passing of Emperor Wu of Han.
In 87 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty died of illness and the end of his prosperous life. Although during the 26 years of the reign of Emperor Xuan of Han, the Western Han Dynasty barely maintained the afterglow of the prosperous world, it eventually declined during the reign of Emperor Yuan of Han.
During the reign of Emperor Yuan of Han, because of his favor for eunuchs, the imperial power declined and the government was chaotic.
Figure 丨 Wang Mang monopoly
In 8 AD, his foreign relative Wang Mang usurped the throne, and the Western Han Dynasty collapsed.
After the fall of the Western Han Dynasty, all the original Western Han clans were abolished, coupled with the social turmoil and wars at that time, these Liu clans who once enjoyed glory and wealth no longer had status and status, and lived a desolate life of displacement every day.
Xuan Han
After Wang Mang established the new dynasty, he was determined to promote reform to make the country stronger, but he never expected that the reforms he promoted would further aggravate social contradictions, and armed uprisings broke out throughout the country.
Figure 丨 Green Forest Red Brow Uprising
In March 23 AD, a descendant of the Han Dynasty patriarch and a descendant of Liu Fa the Prince of Changsha, the son of Liu Qi, the Emperor of HanJing, Liu Xiu's brother Liu Xuan, became emperor with the support of the Green Forest Army, and the era name was changed.
In September 23 AD, the Green Forest Army attacked Chang'an (Chang'an), Wang Mang was killed, and after 15 years, the new dynasty finally collapsed, and after the fall of the new dynasty, Liu Xuan entered Chang'an and became the lord of the world.
However, Liu Xuan's imperial throne was not yet hot, and he was driven down. In 25 AD, under the two-way attack of the Chimei army and Liu Xiu's army, the gengshi regime collapsed, and Liu Xuan was forced to surrender to the Chimei army, and was eventually killed by the Chimei army and buried in Baling.
Emperor of The Troubled World
Liu Yong (?-27) was a native of Juyang County, Liang County, and the eighth grandson of Liu Wu, the Prince of Liang. After Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, the liang king's succession was abolished, and after the establishment of Xuan Han, it was restored, and after the occupation of the Liang state became a divided force, and after the demise of Xuan Han, he established himself as emperor and competed with Liu Xiu for orthodoxy. In 27 AD, he was defeated at the Battle of Han Liang and was killed by the general Qingwu.
Liu Sheng (?-23) was a native of Zhongwuguo, Lingling County, and marquis of Zhongwu in the Western Han Dynasty. After Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he abolished his title, Liu Sheng gathered an army in Chengyang, and all over Shonan was annexed. In 23 AD, the new army was defeated in the Battle of Kunyang, and the new generals Yan You and Chen Mao defected to Liu Sheng, and at the instigation of the two men, in the same year they declared themselves emperors in Hengyang, called "Emperor Yuan of the Great Han Dynasty", and were later destroyed by the Xuan Han general Liu Xin.
Figure 丨 Liu Penzi
Liu Penzi (10 years-?) Taishan County-style chinese, Western Han Dynasty, after Liu Zhang, grandson of Liu Bang of Han Gaozu. His father Liu Meng was killed by Wang Mang, and later he and his brother were plundered by the Chimei army and engaged in herding cattle. In June 25 AD, fan Chongyong, the leader of the Chimei army, was made emperor, and in 27 AD, the Chimei army was defeated, and Liu Penzi surrendered to Liu Xiu, who appointed him as the Prince of Zhao Langzhong.
Eastern han dynasty
In 25 AD, Sima Xuanhan and Liu Xiu, the Prince of Xiao, openly broke with Liu Xuan, that is, located in the Southern Qianqiu Pavilion of Yan County, Hebei Province, and established the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the capital at Luoyang. After 12 years of unification wars in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the separatist forces in various places were successively eliminated, and the situation of peasant wars, warlord wars, and local divisions was put an end.
Picture 丨 "Lord of ZTE" Liu Xiu
Liu Xiu, the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was emperor of the Han Dynasty. He was the ninth grandson of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, and a descendant of Liu Fa the Prince of Changsha, the son of Liu Qi, the Emperor of Hanjing. Since he was a descendant of the Han Dynasty clan, he was given the name "Han". However, Emperor Guangwu was the ninth grandson of Liu Bang and had gone beyond the scope of the Five Services (that is, in fact, he was no longer a relative and was no longer among the criminal law pearls).
Therefore, Emperor Guangwu was from the side branch of the shu lineage, and naturally too estranged from those Western Han clans, so most of them were treated in a disregard manner, although they recognized that the Western Han clan was also the clan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but they did not restore their original titles, but he re-divided the titles with his own kinship.
Figure 丨 Eastern Han eunuch
The influence of the Eastern Han Dynasty did not exceed that of the Western Han Dynasty, and although emperor Guangwu continued the hegemony and glory of the Liu clan, it was because the Eastern Han Dynasty declined too quickly, which greatly discounted the dynasty. In the middle and late Period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, because the emperor was too young, most of them were called empress dowagers, which led to the dispute between relatives and eunuchs, and the internal court gradually became corrupt and the national strength weakened.
Pictured 丨 Yellow Turban Uprising
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were many peasant uprisings, of which the Yellow Turban Rebellion in 184 AD was the most grand, which in turn made the states and counties that sent troops to suppress them to respect themselves.
Figure 丨 "a generation of adulterous males" Cao Cao
In 190 AD, Dong Zhuo threatened Emperor Xian of Han to move the capital to Chang'an, and since then the central government has fallen to the side, and the warlords have been fighting endlessly. After Dong Zhuo's death, Cao Cao welcomed the emperor in 196 AD and moved the capital to Xuchang, where he ruled for more than 20 years. It was not until 220 AD that Cao Cao's son Cao Pi usurped the Han dynasty as emperor, which brought the end of this lingering dynasty.
Shu Han
In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, various warlords fought with each other, the world was in chaos, and the Liu clan's world was in danger. In order to protect the world created by the former emperor, many Liu clans stepped forward to fight against the rebel thieves.
Among them were a group of clans such as Youzhou Mu Liu Yu, Chen Wang Liu Pet, Gunzhou Assassin Liu Dai and Jingzhou Mu Liu Biao, but unfortunately most of them died of death and died young. Among these people, the most prominent one is Liu Bei.
Figure 丨 Han Zhaolie Emperor Liu Bei
Liu Bei, a native of Zhuo County, Zhuo County, was the son of Liu Qi, the Prince of Zhongshan, after Liu Sheng, the Prince of Zhongshan. Liu Bei, like Emperor Guangwu, was also from the side branch of the Shu vein, so he was already a commoner in Liu Bei's generation, Liu Bei defected to many princes in his early years, but because he always adhered to the code of conduct of subjugating people with virtue, he absorbed many talents, such as Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhuge Liang.
In 221 AD, the full-fledged Liu Bei was proclaimed emperor in Chengdu, with the national name "Han" and the historical name Shu Han. Liu Bei's establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty established liu shi during the Three Kingdoms period, continuing the Han dynasty.
In 222 AD, Liu Bei launched a war against Eastern Wu, Liu Bei defeated Yiling, retreated to the White Emperor City, and died of illness in the following year, entrusting Zhuge Liang to be alone before his death.
Figure 丨 White Emperor City Tou Lonely
With the assistance of the four phases of the Shu Han Dynasty (Zhuge Liang, Jiang Huan, Dong Yun, and Fei Yi), the Shu Han state during the Later Lord Liu Chan period flourished, and militarily took the initiative to attack Cao Wei many times. However, due to the fact that the Northern Expedition of the Shu Han Dynasty as many as 16 times consumed a large amount of national strength, the Shu Han gradually declined due to the intervention of the eunuch Huang Hao after Fei Yi's death.
Tu 丨 Wei destroyed the Battle of Shu
In 263, Cao Wei's five roads cut down Shu, and the Wei army commanded Chengdu, and the later lord Liu Chan left the city and surrendered under the admonition of Zhou Chen. Since then, the Shu Han dynasty has perished.
Southern Song Dynasty (Liu Song)
Since the fall of the Shu Han Dynasty in 263 AD, the descendants of Liu Xuan's lineage have experienced many years of war, among which there have been famous courtiers such as Liu Kun, the Jin Dynasty Sikong Sikong who "smelled the chicken dancing".
Figure 丨 "The King of Chaos and Prosperity" Liu Yu
In 420 AD, Liu Yu, the King of Song, who commanded the military and political power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, established himself on behalf of Jin, and set the capital Jiankang, with the national name "Song". Liu Yu was known as Emperor Wu of Song after Liu Jiao, the King of Chuyuan in the Western Han Dynasty.
After Liu Yu took the throne, he vigorously promoted reform and adopted a series of tough measures to govern the country, so that the society gradually settled down.
Unfortunately, the weather was not satisfactory, and Emperor Wu of Song was just about to carry out the Northern Expedition to pacify the Central Plains, and he died of serious illness in 422 AD. Succeeded by his eldest son Liu Yifu (劉義符), Liu Yifu was playful and dissuaded, and was eventually deposed in May 424 by the ministers Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang, Xie Han, and Tan Daoji, and killed shortly thereafter. In July of the same year, the people welcomed Liu Yilong, the third son of Emperor Wu of Song, as emperor, and was known as Emperor Wen of Song.
Figure 丨 Song WenDi Liu Yilong
After Emperor Wen of Song ascended the throne, he continued to implement his father's policy, and Liu Song appeared to be prosperous, known in history as the "rule of Yuan Jia".
In 453, Emperor Wen of Song was killed by the crown prince Liu Xun, and since then, the political situation of Liu Song has been chaotic, the emperor has changed frequently, and in 479 AD, the powerful minister Xiao Daocheng usurped the Song and Liu Song perished.
Hou Han
Figure 丨Hou Han Gao zu Liu Zhiyuan
Later Han, which existed only for 3 years, was founded by Liu Zhiyuan's great-grandfather Liu Yu, a descendant of Liu Yu's lineage, and in 947 AD, the Khitan attacked the Later Jin dynasty from the south and retreated north. In February, Hedong Jiedu made Liu Zhiyuan emperor in Taiyuan, changed the name of the country to "Han", and later made the capital of Bian Prefecture. In the first month of the following year, Liu Zhiyuan, who was not yet on the throne, died of illness, and his second son Liu Chengyou also threw away the throne 2 years later.
Northern Han Dynasty
In 951, After Guo Wei destroyed the Later Han Dynasty, Liu Zhiyuan's younger brother Liu Chong, who was then the emissary of Hedong Jiedushi, followed the example of his eldest brother and declared himself emperor in Taiyuan and established the Northern Han Dynasty. Liu Chong, who was in cahoots with the Liao state, called Emperor Liao his uncle and called himself a nephew, just to be able to defeat Later Zhou.
In 954, the Zhou army defeated the Han-Liao army at Gaoping and besieged Taiyuan for two months, and the Northern Han Dynasty was seriously injured and unable to go south. In November of the same year, Liu Chong, who was angry and ill, died of illness and was succeeded by his son Liu Jun. In 979, Emperor Taizong of Song personally invaded the Northern Han Dynasty and attacked Taiyuan, emperor Liu Jiyuan left the city and surrendered, and the Northern Han Dynasty fell.
Lineage diagram of Liu Xuan.1
Figure 丨 Liu Taigong Liu Xuan
From 202 BC when Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, it was not until 979 AD that the Northern Han Emperor Liu Jiyuan left the city and surrendered to the Song army. At least 40 descendants of Liu Xuan's lineage had also been emperors, and since the connection between these people was too complicated, it was simply necessary to use Mr. Maruzi's lineage chart to concisely clarify all this, so as to make the statement "Liu Xuan's lineage" convincing.
epilogue
The descendants of Liu Yu's lineage still live in this land of China to this day, whether their ancestors were the sons of a dynasty before, or became a parent official, or a commoner, although they have become the dust of history, the descendants of Liu Yu's family are still proud of this mutilated glory, as a powerful driving force for their yearning for a better life.
Finally, thank you Mr. Maruko for being able to support the roots of a piece of history!