The purpose of winter shears is to ventilate and transmit light, balance the tree posture, and reasonably adjust the nutrient branches and shoots in place. Fruit farmers just look at the winter shears too heavy, the division of the potential, the combination of the potential only rely on the winter shears is not able to achieve this purpose, pulling the branches is also a branch, is an important part of the pruning, how to pull the branches can become flowers, many fruit farmers have also tasted the sweetness of pulling skills into flowers.
Lazhi has such a sentence :"Twist and turn, change direction, nutrition ease, into a bunch of flowers, next year's results, high quality and good-looking." "Pulling branches has become an important measure for pruning, but most of the main branches of orchards are flattened or slightly droopy, and the side branches on the main branches are flattened, resulting in a back advantage, the main branches are on the back of the strips, the side branches are flattened, the side branches are sporadic, the trees are dense and chaotic, and the risers will quickly thicken the side branches, and the side branches on the backs of the branches are cut for many years, and the hair is continuous, resulting in thick and long side branches, many long strips, fewer short and medium branches, and low tree yields. After the head is weak, the head becomes a flower, the result is that there is no head for drooping, and the retracted head changes the head to cause the crown to increase after the small, and the lateral side branches are larger, and the yield is greatly reduced.
It is recommended that the main branch be pulled into about 70 degrees as well, so that the main branch looks up and the branch group looks down. The new strips on the main branch should be cut as little as possible, to achieve large pull drooping, medium and large flattening, small immovable and slow release, straight and oblique, flat and weeping, pulling branches in place, each branch group and the main branch angle into 90 degrees, it is best to pull one apart, split on both sides, not crossed back and forth. The cross-over results are airtight, affecting the redness, more prone to branches abrading fruit, and areas with large wind and sand should be straightened out.
To know that a branch is flattened, the back will be a string of strips, and thickened the mother branch, nutrient growth is large, less accumulation, less flowers, then a branch is drooping, polar transformation, the rear part only takes a strip, the length of the strip consumes nutrients, but it contains the sagging strip, the sagging strip eats less, the branch is short, stop long early, do not consume, it becomes accumulation, it can become a flower. In the second year, the flowers and fruits of the drooping branches consumed more nutrients, and then the rear upright strips were contained, and the upright strips slowly released most of the buds and sprouted short and medium branches, stopped early, and became flowers again. Can be mutually restrained, new and old branches alternately bear fruit, and the fruit is of good quality.
Apple, pear blossom bud is a mixed bud, both can flower and fruit long fruit, but also germinate leaf long strips, the fruit first eat nutrition, the remaining nutrients can be distributed spread leaf long strips. If we look closely at the tree, we will see that the weak tree has many flowers, only the long fruit does not grow the secondary branches of the fruit platform, the leaves are also small, and the second year will be fruitless, forming a large and small year. Another drooping fruit the back of the branch is large, the fruit table sub-tip is strong, the further forward to the small side of the fruit will be more slender and short, and even do not produce the fruit table side shoot, indicating that the fruit eats nutrients first, and the remaining nutrients can be sent. And the rear first eat nutrients, fertilizer is absorbed from the roots, through the leaf transpiration pull, and then through photosynthesis, converted into organic nutrition, transported to various organs, sent from the back to the front, the back near to eat more, the front tip far away to eat less. A branch of red Fuji is a long branch for one year, slowly bloomed into a flower in two years, fruited in three years, and borne fruit in four or five years, and after six years, the old fruit must be retracted, weak and strong, and retracted to the strong branch with the sub-branches of the fruit table. This is also the reason why the winter pruning retracts the weeping weak branches, but most of the fruit farmers across the country still think that the strong strips on the back are not used to fully cut, the weak branches under the back are all left behind, and the fruit is small and do not know why? Winter shears do not retract and re-strengthen, before flowering re-shearing must be short-cut down the weak branches to restore strength, increase grain is not as good as reduced mouth, only strong branches can bear good fruit.
The reason why short-branched varieties can form chicken feet is that the germination rate is high, the growth point is multi-branched and stops long and early, the flowers are good, the fruits are more, the fruits are eaten first, and there is no excess nutrition. Cause chicken feet, no strips, no leaves, no leaves, no power, and the weak fruit of the tree is small.
In short, the pulling branch must be pulled up first, look at the space, the large space pulls the big branch, the small space single-axis running, to be in place in one step, to be pulled in layers, there are straight and oblique, there are flat and vertical, every one pulls one, and the single axis is orderly.
Personal experience in late April and early May pulling branches are most likely to become flowers, most of the buds of the slowly placed branches on the 4 lower 5 can germinate, disperse the nutrients, form short and medium branches, then pull branches, basal injuries, polar changes, wound healing also has to take more than ten days, the drooping branches stop early because they do not get nutrients, rely on the photosynthetic products of the leaves to accumulate nutrients, adapt to the early long and early stop early accumulation of early flowers, and at the end of May, they enter the spring shoot capping stop long price segment, and begin flower bud differentiation. Therefore, at this time, it is easiest to become a flower.
Another is the Liqiu pulling branches, at this time the nutrition has not yet flowed back, the pulling technique is not easy to take the long strip, especially the virtual strip at this time pulled down the heavy polarity change after the injury nutrient cut off, the leaves through photosynthesis synthesis conversion of nutrients can not go back will accumulate most of the buds, the second year can form a very good quality flower buds.
Pulling branches is also an important measure of pruning, winter pruning must be combined with pulling branches and changing directions to achieve the purpose of real pruning.
Author: Li Hongchao, lecturer at Zhongnong Le Fruit Industry Research Institute
Source: Zhongnong Le