Ancient beads should be judged from the shape of the instrument, pulp, weathering pattern, pores and other conditions to determine the degree of aging, of which we often hear is the spiral pattern of the hole, so today we will talk about the hole of the ancient bead, and how to drill the hole in ancient times.
The formation of spiral pattern comes from the processing traces of the pipe drilling process, in ancient times, the pipe drill mostly used stone, bamboo, jade as a drill bit, and then with the simple cooperation of quartz sand and water to manually complete the drilling work of the hole, just like drilling wood for fire.
When the drilled object is thinner or softer, using single-sided drilling, because it needs to be drilled to the end until the hole is worn through, so the hole diameter will form a large side and a small situation, this processed hole, like the shape of the horseshoe, is figuratively called the horseshoe hole.
If the object being drilled is thick and hard, double-sided drilling is used, that is, one side is drilled to halfway, and then continue to drill from the other side until the two holes meet to form a coherent hole. This drilling method brings the inner diameter of the two faces to a uniformity. (The above figure is standard, arc, step, and concave)
Since this punching method cannot observe the internal situation, the path of the drilling channel is easy to deviate, which will form the effect of interlacing the holes.
In addition, a 0.17 mm hole was found to have been drilled with a 0.15 mm drill pipe on a jade artifact excavated 5300 years ago, which is thinner than a human hair, which is the earliest pipe drilling process discovered so far. Therefore, not all the holes from the pipe drilling process are necessarily large.
Drilling process is constantly iteratively updated, and the processes of each era are very different, all kinds of processes are developing in a more perfect and more perfect trend, then the traces in the hole are not only in the form of spiral patterns, so spiral patterns can not be completely used as a basis for identification. The picture above is a drilling map of a Qing Dynasty jade, and it can be seen that there are almost no traces of drilling on the inner wall of the hole.
In addition to China's ancient pearls, imported ancient pearls that come to China through trade, their drilling techniques and holes will also be very different, which lies in the country's regionality, drilling technology, the material of the drilled object, hardness and other factors to determine the formation of its hole pattern. In summary, the identification of all ancient beads must be judged from various aspects such as material, degree of weathering, pulping, etc., and there is no unique basis for identification (which is very important).
Lemon Haowen play original article, has been authorized to publish!
The public account search for "Lemon Hao Wen Play" can be followed