Ancient Chinese Literature - Zongchen's "Book of Liu Yizhang"

Zong Chen, a native of Fangcheng Mountain.

The author of the "Book of Bao Liu Yizhang" is Zong chen, the character is Xiang, and he advocates "retro" in literature.

Zongchen was one of the "seven sons" of the Ming Dynasty, who had the following seven sons: Li Panlong, Wang Shizhen, Zong chen, Xie Hazel, Liang Youyu, Xu Zhongxing, and Wu Guolun.

Zongchen's "Letter to Liu Yizhang" discusses the topic of upper and lower levels. The author's understanding of the "so-called upper and lower phases" refers to the trading of power and money, and the combination of pollution. Main purpose: The author focused his pen and ink on "the upper and lower levels are in harmony", and turned the two sentences "As for the disease of not being fu, it is especially not the most important" into a thesis, and turned out a large paragraph of the article, which specifically and profoundly revealed the truth of the so-called upper and lower phases at that time, that is, the trading of power and money, and the collusion of the same stream, thus attacking the decadent and filthy feudal bureaucratic politics.

In Zongchen's "Book of Liu Yizhang", "The heavens and the gentleman are very thick, and the elders do not want to abandon them lightly" is the content of sympathy for Liu Yizhang's embrace of talent; "When the middle road passes through his door, he also covers his ears and closes his eyes, and the Prancing Horse rushes through" and "Life has a destiny, but I only keep the division" is an attitude that shows that he is not willing to become inflamed and attached to the situation; "Immediately when he meets the acquaintance, that is, he will say: 'Suitable for coming from the public family, being fair to me, thick to me!'" 'And false statements" is to reveal the ugliness of the officialdom of "going up and down".

"Xianggong and Qiaoqiao people say: 'So-and-so is also virtuous, so-and-so is also virtuous'" "So-and-so" here refers to the Gurudwara. With the example of patting the magnates and inviting favors, it reveals the ugly state of the officialdom of "going up and down". The main part of the letter of "Bao Liu Yizhang" is the author and Liu Yizhang talking about the topic of "upper and lower fu", which is the core of the development of the whole text. The "power holders" written in the text are yan song's father and son, who control the government.

"Sit in a cloak at night, smell the chickens and get up the coffin, and walk to the door" is written on the object of the gurudwara.

The original text of the "Book of Liu Yizhang": And what is the so-called Fu in this world? The door of the man who waits for power day and night, and the doorman does not enter, then he is willing to make a woman with flattering words, and the sleeve gold is private. That is, the doorkeeper holds the piercing, and the master does not come out immediately, and between the servants and horses in the stable, the evil qi strikes the clothes, that is, the hunger, cold, poison and heat are intolerable, and they do not go. At dusk, the person who received the previous gift came out and reported to the guest: "Xiang Gong is tired, thank you." Please come tomorrow. "That is, tomorrow, I dare not come." Sitting in a cloak at night, smelling the chickens, he got up and rode to the door.

The original text describes the image of the gurudwara bowing down and flattering.

In the "Book of Liu Yizhang", the author portrays three negative images. The gurudwara slaves the knees, the powerful are hypocritical and greedy, and the doormen are false and powerful.

In the "Book of Liu Yizhang", the author does not use a positive reasoning method to explain the problem of "upper and lower Phase Fu", but creates a pair of character models of "Upper and Lower Xiang Fu". This article vividly portrays the three negative images of the gurudwara, the power and the doorman. The pious man bows his knees and flatters and flatters, and the text focuses on his flattery; the powerful man is arrogant, greedy, and pretentious, and the text emphasizes his hypocrisy; the disciples are cunning and slippery, arbitrary and snobbish, and the article focuses on his unreasonable appearance.

About the Book of Liu Yizhang:

The author of the "Book of Liu Yizhang" is Zong Chen, the character is Xiang, and Li Panlong, Wang Shizhen, Xie Hao, and other "last seven sons" are listed, and "retro" is advocated in literature.

The "Book of Liu Yizhang" is a "text on the world's religion", which specifically and profoundly reveals the truth of the so-called superiority of the upper and lower levels at that time, that is, the trading of power and money, and the collusion of the same stream, thus attacking the decadent and filthy feudal bureaucratic politics.

"The Book of Liu Yizhang" has created a pair of characters who are "up and down".

The Book of Liu Yizhang uses contrast techniques in many places.

The original text of the "Book of Liu Yizhang": "The door of the man who waits for power is plotted day and night, and the doorman does not enter." "Meaning: When he rode from morning to night to wait at the door of the magnate's house, the gatekeeper deliberately refused to let him in.

The original text of the "Book of Liu Yizhang": "Those who are fortunate enough to come out and summon him from the south are frightened to crawl down the stairs." "Meaning: Fortunately, the master came out, sat facing south in the living room, summoned him in to meet him, and he ran up in a panic and bowed down the steps. The master refers to the master of the Xiangfu.

The original text of the "Book of Liu Yizhang": "Is there any Xianggong who is out to see the guest at this time?" Meaning: "Can Xianggong come out to meet at this time?" "Xiang Gong: This refers to the Prime Minister Yan Song.

The original text of the "Book of Liu Yizhang": "Out, the door-sweeper said: 'The official is fortunate to take care of me; he came day by day, and he was fortunate to die and hinder me.' The doorman replied. "Official: In the Tang Dynasty, the person who was an official was called an official, and by extension a person with status. Here is an honorific for the doorman.

"Elder": Refers to Liu Yizhang.

"Sweet words as a woman, sleeve gold for selfishness" is to describe the scene when the gurudwara bribes; "worship again, and therefore late, and rise up five or six times" is to describe the scene when the gurudwara bid farewell; "between the servants and horses in the stable, the evil qi strikes the clothes, that is, the hunger, cold, poison and heat are intolerable, and they do not go" is to describe the scene of the gurudwara waiting to be summoned.

"A little bit of people know: 'So-and-so is also virtuous, so-and-so is also virtuous'" is a description of the person in power.

"If you get the gift again, you will rise up and enter" describes the scene after the doorman accepts a bribe.

What are the characteristics of the "Book of Liu Yizhang" that portrays the image of the gurudwara? Let's illustrate:

The gurudwara slaves the cheeks, and the author focuses on portraying his flattery;

Whisper to the doorman, sleeve gold private;

The ruler cannot kneel for a long time, and he shall receive a lifespan;

After the summons, he was overwhelmed and boasted to people.

Based on the comparison of the mood before and after the summoning of the gurudwara in the "Book of Liu Yizhang", briefly analyze his personality characteristics:

1. Before and after the summons: endure humiliation and bribery, wag your tail and beg for mercy→ get carried away, so as to be proud.

2. Personality: Slave face and knee.