Reminiscences of visiting the ruins of Mount Fu in Shaanxi

Reminiscences of visiting the ruins of Mount Fu in Shaanxi

Zhang Liujin

Fu Shan was a traveler, especially after becoming a Taoist monk in his later years, he traveled all over the world and traveled all over Half of China. According to the literature, he has left footprints in Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Jianghuai and other places. In October 2014, our party from the Cultural and Historical Committee of the CPPCC Xinfu District of Xinzhou City made some investigations on Fu Shan's activities in Shaanxi and his contacts with friends in Shaanxi, and also made some new discoveries.

Fu Shan and Hua Shan

Huashan, known as "Xiyue" in ancient times, is one of the famous five mountains in China. Huayin City, located in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province, is bordered by Qinling Mountains to the south and Huangwei to the north.

According to Kao, Fu Shan rode a donkey in the fourth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1665), climbed mounted Mount Hua, which is known for its steepness, after entering Guanzhong in the west, and stayed overnight in the host temple on the mountain for several days. It has been speculated that it is nothing more than visiting friends, lecturing or monasticism. Because Fu Shan had already become a Taoist priest at that time, Mount Hua was also the holy place of the mainstream Quanzhen Sect of Taoism, and there were more than 20 Taoist temples on the mountain. Among them, Yuquan Temple, Dulong Temple, Dongdaoyuan, Zhenyue Palace, etc. were the key Taoist palaces at that time, and it was possible for him to visit friends and teach monasticism here. As for the novel "Seven Swords Under the Heavenly Mountain" created by Hong Kong writer Mr. Leung Yu Sheng, Fu Qingjue danced his sword in Mount Hua, like a martial arts master, which is the character image created in the martial arts novel, which is incredible. However, in recent years, a boxing book of the ancient version of the "Fu Shan Fist Method" has been found in Lingshi County, our province, and the local people also say that he is a martial artist, and historians call him "sexually renxia". In addition, in the surviving poems of Fu Shan, there are also sentences such as "swordplay regrets its neglect" and "pangen Liwu sword, gold and iron full of mountains". These have painted a mysterious color on our understanding of Fu Shanqi.

Located at the foot of Mount Hua, the Yuntai Temple was also the place where Fu Shan stayed. He was very affectionate about this place, and wrote several times the poem "Youhua Mountain Yuntai Guan" in mengjiao of the Tang Dynasty in the form of a seal. Yuntai Temple is a famous Taoist temple in Huayin, known as "Mingtang" in ancient times, and is the place where the ancient Tianzi patrolled. Later In the later Zhou Dynasty, the Daoist jiao dao lived in the north peak of Mount Hua, and Emperor Wu visited the mountain many times to ask questions, so he built this view. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was also the hermitage of the famous Taoist priest Chen Zhuo. In the nineteenth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1680), Gu Yanwu, Wang Hongzhuo and others built the Zhuzi Ancestral Hall in Guangxi and built a school called Yuntai Academy. After our investigation, in the twenty-third year of Qing Guangxu (1897), Yuntai Academy was changed to a higher primary school. After liberation, Huashan Middle School was built in 1954 and has been going on ever since. The buildings inside the temple do not exist today, and the scenic spots such as "one cypress, one stone and one well" are still preserved outside the temple.

Fu Shan and guanzhong scholar Li Yindu

Li Yindu was a native of Fuping, Shaanxi during the Ming and Qing dynasties. His ancestral home was Hongdong County, Shanxi, and during the Jin Dynasty, his ancestor Li Yifu moved west to Hanjia Village, Meiyuan County, Shaanxi (present-day Hanjia Village, Xue Town, Fuping County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province) to escape the chaos of war. During the Ming Dynasty, Mihara County was merged into Fuping County, and became a Native of Fuping.

Together with Li Bai and Zhou Zhi Li Erqu of Mei County, he was known as the "Three Li of Guanzhong". These three people were the representative thinkers and educators in the country at that time. They have made very important contributions to the inheritance and development of "Guanxue" in Shaanxi.

"Guan Xue" is a school of science that was formally founded by the Confucian scholars Shen Yan and Hou Ke at the time of the Northern Song Dynasty and Zhang Zai. The so-called "Guanxue" is the study of Guanzhong (west of Hangu Pass, east of Dasanguan, and ancient guanzhong), which is from a regional point of view. Because most of the founders and successors of this school are Guanzhong people, it is called "Guan Xue". If we are concerned about the connotation of Guan Xue, it belongs to a philosophical school of "qi ontology" in Song Ming's theory of science.

In addition, these three people have a far-reaching influence on the folk customs, folklore and humanistic qualities of the Guanzhong region, and many of their ideas and noble virtues still have high practical significance and educational effects.

Li Yindu's interaction with Fu Shan has a relationship. In that year, he was appointed as an official in the home of the Shaanxi official Chen Shangnian, and later because Chen Shangnian was transferred to the Military Reserve of Yanping Province, Shanxi, he also came to Dai Prefecture (present-day Dai County, Shanxi). Li Yindu has been in Daizhou for several years, and in addition to teaching and writing, he often goes out on outings, climbs mountains and water, and has a wide range of activities. He befriended celebrities in the cultural circles of the time, and later he became a well-known scholar and poet in The Sea. His association with Fu Shan also began at that time.

In the 1660s and 1970s, Shanxi was active with a group of nationally renowned scholars from different regions in the north and south, and they were quite influential in the cultural circles, which was the academic circle centered on FuShan. Fu Shan, because he organized and led the Shanxi Zhusheng in the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636) to petition for the Shanxi Tixue Yuan Jixian unjust case into Beijing, was famous all over the world. So it has a lot of prestige in the country. Many celebrities from the sea would visit Fushan when they came to Shanxi, and the small Songzhuang where Fushan lived at that time became a gathering center for scholars. Fu Shan became the well-deserved cultural leader of Shanxi at that time. Fu Shan and Li Yindu were similar in thought and like-minded, often talking about poetry together, exchanging academic views, and forming close friends. Later, Li Yindu once served as a reviewer of the Hanlin Academy of the Qing Dynasty, and in the autumn of the eighteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, he returned to his hometown and returned to Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province, where he took on the heavy responsibility of revitalizing "GuanXue", and he repeatedly lectured at Guanzhong Academy, Chaoyang Academy, and Fuping Jingbo Garden. Fu Shan was also invited to lecture several times. In the fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Fu Shan, accompanied by his nephew Fu Ren, entered Guanzhong and visited Li Yindu, where he lived for more than a month. Li Yindu once wrote a poem to Fu Shan: "The Documents of Hefen are not all empty, and there are gongs in the beginning of the Qian. It is not uncertain to look at Guo Tai in the same boat, and to know in vain is to imitate Wang Tong. Fang period false news spring birds, drama drinking like snow queen Hong. He waited at the gate of the day and got off the bus to pay homage to Sang Ong. The poem praises Fu Shanke for being comparable to ancient figures such as Guo Tai and Wang Tong. The meaning of the last sentence is: Whenever you come to my hometown, I will wait outside the door and get out of the car to greet you. Unfortunately, we did not have time to visit Lee Induk's hometown because of the tight schedule

Rare Fushan inscriptions were found in the Forest of Steles in Xi'an

The last stop on our trip was the Forest of Steles in Xi'an, looking for inscriptions about Mount Fu. The Forest of Steles Museum in Xi'an is a grand scale, with more than 1,080 inscriptions from past dynasties, which is the largest in the country. We went to the consultation office to inquire whether there was a FuShan inscription and answered no. An old gentleman said that most of the monuments we collect here are the ancient Han, Jin, Tang and Song monuments, and even the Ming and Qing monuments are only the emperors, princes, cabinet elders, and Shangshu who are high above the temple. Fu Shan was a person of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and he was also a cloth cloth, which was simply impossible. With the attitude of trying it out, we conducted a needle-like search in the forest of steles. What a kung fu! After more than three hours of searching, Zhen also found a group of inscriptions of Mr. Fu Shan.

This group of inscriptions is embedded in the window sill wall of the seventh room of the second exhibition hall. A total of 5 blocks, arranged on the top three and two down. Each stele is rectangular in shape, about 70 cm wide and about 35 cm high, and the inscription is "Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva Pumen Pin". This is a sutra in the famous Lotus Sutra of the Buddhists. This product mainly promotes the manifestation of Avalokiteshvara, and the long line narrates the two questions and answers of the Bodhisattva of Endless Intention and the Buddha. The first question and answer of Avalokiteshvara got the name Karma, and the second question and answer of Avalokiteshvara was convenient for sentient beings. The last paragraph praises the great vows and magical powers of Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva, and exhorts sentient beings to return to Guanyin. Due to the increasing popularity of the Guanyin faith in China, the scriptures were extracted from the Chinese translation and became a single-line scripture that was easy to hold and recite.

When Fu Shan's mother, Chen Zhenmao, fell ill, Fu Shan prayed for his blessing to eliminate the disaster, so he copied and wrote down this passage. These five inscriptions are written in two fonts, Xiao Kai and Xiao Seal, and at the end of the stele there are several lines of supplementary pens written by posterity, the text of which is intriguing and is specially copied as follows:

"Pu men pin, Mr. Fu Qing lord of the right side of the mountain for his mother Chen's book, with the Qin Curse Chu seal method authentic handwriting. Yu Xiangzang's fly head Kai Three Official Sutra is the intention of Zhong Taifu's pen, and if it can be combined, it can be called double absolute. He died in September. "Attached to the text is an engraved seal, the words of which are difficult to discern." Canghai millet", when it is someone's name, takes the meaning of "a drop in the sea".

Fu Shan prayed for his mother's blessing and disaster, and the scriptures and inscriptions he wrote should be in Shanxi. When and why this stele arrived in Xijing is unknown and needs to be re-examined.

(The author of this article is: Vice President and Secretary General of Foshan Cultural Research Association of Xinzhou City)