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In a small bustling county town, there lives an old man named Lao Zhang. Lao Zhang has always felt that he is in good health. But lately, he has always felt extremely thirsty, frequently runs to the toilet, and seems to have little energy.
Lao Zhang muttered in his heart: "What's wrong with me? Afraid that something would go wrong with his body, he came to the hospital for a check-up, and the results showed that his blood sugar was high.
What is normal blood glucose? How to lower blood sugar in diabetes?
The normal value of blood glucose, in general, is between 3.9 and 6.1 mmol/L for fasting blood glucose and less than 7.8 mmol/L 2 hours after a meal.
Blood sugar is like an "energy currency" in our body that powers our cells. The body can function properly when blood sugar levels remain within the normal range.
What is diabetes? Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar. When the body can't use or produce insulin efficiently, blood sugar rises, which triggers diabetes.
Diabetes is mainly divided into type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and other specific types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is relatively uncommon and is mainly caused by the autoimmune system destroying β islet cells, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin.
This type of diabetes often develops in childhood and adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy.
Type 2 diabetes is more common and is often closely related to lifestyle habits such as poor diet, lack of exercise, obesity, etc.
Over time, the body's sensitivity to insulin gradually decreases, often referred to as insulin resistance, which in turn leads to an increase in blood sugar. Many middle-aged and older adults can develop type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes is not a small problem, and if left unchecked, it can lead to a range of serious complications. It can damage our eyes, leading to retinopathy and even blindness; Affects the kidneys and causes kidney disease;
It also has adverse effects on the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease; It can also lead to neuropathy, causing symptoms such as numbness and pain in the hands and feet.
How can diabetics lower their blood sugar?
First, dietary modification is the foundation. It is necessary to control the total calorie intake and rationally mix various nutrients. Reduce the intake of high-sugar, high-fat, and high-salt foods, and eat more vegetables, fruits, whole grains and other foods rich in dietary fiber. Pay attention to eating regularly and quantitatively to avoid overeating.
Second, moderate exercise is essential. Exercise can help burn off excess calories and improve the body's sensitivity to insulin.
Diabetics are advised to do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise such as brisk walking, swimming, cycling, etc., which can also be combined with some strength training.
Third, drug treatment is an important tool. If blood sugar is not ideal despite diet and exercise, medication is needed on a case-by-case basis.
Medications include oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin. Patients must strictly follow the doctor's guidance to take the drug, and cannot increase or decrease the dosage or stop the drug by themselves.
Fourth, monitor your blood sugar regularly. This helps to detect changes in blood sugar and adjust treatment regimens. Patients should be aware of their blood sugar fluctuations by monitoring their blood sugar properly.
Diabetic patients also need to pay attention to maintaining a good attitude, facing the disease positively, and avoiding excessive anxiety and tension.
Quit smoking, limit alcohol, and get enough sleep. It is also necessary to have regular physical examinations, pay attention to various indicators such as blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood lipids, as well as screening for complications.
For the average person, it is very important to know about blood sugar. Diabetes can be prevented by the following methods.
1. Develop healthy living habits. Eat a reasonable diet, exercise moderately, and avoid sedentary lifestyle.
2. Control your weight. Obesity is an important risk factor for diabetes, and maintaining an appropriate weight can reduce the risk of developing it.
3. Regular physical examination. In particular, people with a family history of diabetes, obesity, hypertension and other high-risk factors should pay more attention to blood sugar in order to detect problems early and intervene in time.
summary
Normal blood sugar and blood sugar lowering methods for diabetes are health knowledge that everyone should know. Through a reasonable diet, moderate exercise, standardized medication and regular monitoring, blood sugar can be effectively controlled, and the occurrence of diabetic complications can be prevented and reduced.
I hope everyone can pay attention to their blood sugar health and stay away from diabetes. Let's cheer for health!
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