This paper summarizes the representative papers on aquatic breeding published in Chinese journals from January to June 2024, analyzes the current situation and problems in the field of aquatic breeding in mainland China, and focuses on the research progress and application of various biotechnology directions in China. These biotechnologies include transgenic breeding, ploidy breeding, molecular marker-assisted breeding, genome selection breeding, genome editing breeding, molecular design breeding, and germ stem cell transplantation.
Research on the development strategy of aquatic breeding biotechnology
Source:
Authors: Chen Songlin, Xu Wenteng, Lu Sheng, Hu Wei, Wang Deshou, Hu Xiaoli, Zhou Qian, Liu Qinghua, Zhao Zixia, Qin Qinbo, Wang Shi, Liu Yang, Cui Zhongkai
Journal: Strategic Study of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 4, 2023
Research Question:
This paper mainly studies the development status and existing problems in the field of aquatic breeding in mainland China, analyzes the research progress and application of biotechnology in the fields of transgenic breeding, ploidy breeding, molecular marker-assisted breeding, genome selection breeding, genome editing breeding, molecular design breeding, germ stem cell transplantation, etc., and puts forward the development goals and research tasks of aquatic breeding biotechnology in the future.
Key Contributions:
Sort out the current situation: comprehensively sort out the development status and existing problems of aquatic breeding in mainland China.
Technical Analysis: This paper summarizes the research progress and application of biotechnology related to aquatic breeding at home and abroad.
The development goals are proposed, including the collection, preservation and accurate identification of excellent germplasm resources of aquatic products, the in-depth analysis of the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of important traits, the creation of efficient and precise breeding technologies, and the creation of breakthrough new varieties.
Policy Suggestions: It is recommended to optimize the development policy of aquatic seed industry, promote the innovation of aquatic breeding technology, establish a platform for the creation and transformation of aquatic varieties, and set up special projects to promote technological innovation and seed industry development.
Research progress on molecular breeding of Penaeus vannamei
Source:
Authors: Fu Shuo, Zhuo Hongbiao, Liu Jianyong
Journal: Chinese Fisheries Science, March 2024
Research Question:
In this paper, the research progress of molecular breeding technology of Penaeus vannamei was reviewed, including germplasm resources research, genome research, molecular marker mining and assisted breeding, genome selection and gene editing, etc., aiming to provide a reference for the cultivation of new varieties of Penaeus vannamei using modern molecular breeding technology.
Key Contributions:
Germplasm Research: Advances in the study of the genetic diversity of Penaeus vannamei by various molecular markers such as RFLP, AFLP, RAPD, SSR, and SNP are presented.
Genomic Studies: This paper describes the challenges and progress of genome sequencing and assembly of Penaeus vannamei, especially the application of PacBio sequencing technology and Hi-C assembly technology.
Molecular marker-assisted breeding: This paper discusses the research progress in the development of relevant functional molecular markers and the use of these markers for breeding.
Genomic selection: The application of genomic selection in Litopenaeus vannamei and its effects on breeding cycle, genetic gain and prediction accuracy were analyzed.
Gene Editing Breeding: This paper summarizes the application of CRISPR/Cas9 system in Litopenaeus vannamei and its technical challenges.
Regional breeding experiments of molecular breeding populations of Chinese mitten crabs
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Authors: Chen Haifeng, Peng Aiguo, Hou Xin, Wang Jun, Chen Xiaowen, Wang Chenghui
Journal: Chinese Fisheries Science, December 2023
Research Question:
In order to provide a basis for subsequent breeding, popularization and application, the differences in the growth performance and nutritional quality of adult crabs in four breeding bases of Shanghai Songjiang Sanmao Town, Baoshan Luojing Town, Chongming Hengsha Township and Chongming Sanxing Town were compared.
Key Contributions:
Differences in growth performance: There were significant differences in body weight, plumpness, hepatopancreatic index and gonadal index of the experimental crabs cultured in different regions (P<0.05), and the growth variation was greater when the breeding environment was poor.
Heritability evaluation: The overall heritability of body weight and shell length of the selected population was 0.358 and 0.357, respectively, which belonged to medium heritability.
Differences in nutrient composition: There were significant differences in the content of total blood lymphatic cholesterol and the activities of lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas among different bases (P<0.05).
Differences in amino acid and fatty acid contents: There were significant differences in crude protein, crude fat, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in adult crab muscle and hepatopancreas (P<0.05).
Efficient ecological seedling technology of Chinese shrimp
Source:
Authors: Zhao Yanning, Liu Xiyin, Wang Tiantian, Li Wu, Zhang Xiaoming
Journal: Chinese Fisheries Science, January 2024
Research Question:
In order to improve the quality and survival rate of shrimp seedlings and reduce the occurrence of diseases in the seedling process, the water quality was improved by adding microecological agents such as photosynthetic bacteria and other microecological agents to maintain the stability of the biological flora in the pond.
Key Contributions:
Broodstock storage: optimize storage conditions and density, strictly manage bait feeding and water quality control.
Spawning and incubation: Improving spawning pools and incubation processes to ensure efficient incubation and high survival rates.
Shrimp seedling cultivation: Through the use of bait feeding and microecological preparations at different stages, the cultivation process of nauplii larvae, mysis shrimp larvae and larvae was optimized, and the growth rate and quality of shrimp seedlings were significantly improved.
Disease prevention and control: Through early preventive measures, such as strict screening of seedlings, reducing cultivation density, and using microecological preparations, the occurrence of diseases is effectively reduced and the success rate of seedling raising is guaranteed.
Effects of temperature, salinity and density on the growth and survival of young Philippine clams
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Authors: Wu Lei, Tu Kang, Zhou Liqing, Liu Zhihong, Wu Biao, Sun Xiujun
Journal: Journal of Ocean University of China, January 2024
Research Question:
To study the effects of temperature, salinity and density on the growth and survival of Ruditapes philippinarum, and to construct a model for the growth and survival of larvae under different environmental conditions to determine the most suitable growth conditions, so as to optimize the cultivation management of seedlings and improve the quality and yield of seedlings.
Key Contributions:
Influence of temperature: It was found that temperature had a significant effect on the growth of juvenile shells (P<0.05), and the increase of temperature caused the shell length to increase first and then decrease, and the optimal growth temperature was 24.32°C.
Effect of salinity: The effect of salinity on the growth of juvenile shells was also very significant (P<0.05), and the salinity of the optimal growth was 21.13.
Density effect: Density had a significant effect on the growth of juvenile shells (P<0.05), and the optimal growth density was 2.88×10^4 grains/m².
Interaction: The secondary effects of temperature, salinity and density had a significant effect on the growth of juvenile shellfish, but the interaction between the three was not significant (P>0.05).
Construction of large-scale seedling breeding system of crayfish and its supporting breeding technology
Source:
Authors: Li Jianbin, Gao Xuemei, Huang Jian, Wang Jianfang
Journal: Hebei Fishery, May 2024
Research Question:
In view of the development status and outstanding problems of the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) industry, a crayfish factory seed breeding system and its supporting breeding technology were developed and constructed, and experiments were carried out, aiming to solve the problems of low scale and industrialization in the current crayfish seed breeding, and lagging construction of commercial breeding system and quality improvement system.
Key Contributions:
System construction: A large-scale crayfish seed breeding system composed of a high-level pool, a sewage collection tank, a mating tank, an incubation pond, a seedling cultivation pond, a seedling collection pond, a shrimp breeding pond and an ecological purification pond has been established, and each part is connected in turn through pipelines to form a circulation loop.
Breeding technology: A supporting breeding technology based on this system has been developed, including shrimp breeding pond treatment, water injection, probiotic inoculation, seed selection, segmented feeding, water transfer, circulation, gonadal development observation, centralized mating and spawning, shrimp stocking, larval hatching and seedling cultivation.
Results: After 196 days of indoor breeding experiments, the proportion of broodstock gonads to stage IV was 76.67% to 90%, the average number of female shrimp eggs was 446, the average egg holding rate was 83.88%, the average hatching rate of larvae was 88.19%, and the average survival rate of larvae was 93.90% when they grew to 3 to 4 cm.
Research progress on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in fish farming
Source:
Author: Chen Junxiang
Journal: Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine 2024(1)
Research Question:
This paper focuses on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in fish farming, including its potential to accelerate the process of genetic improvement, improve production performance and disease resistance.
Key Contributions:
Overview of gene editing technology: This paper summarizes the development process of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its application in fish.
Gene knockout/knock-in: This paper introduces the results of CRISPR/Cas9 in the knockout study of myostatin and other genes.
Directed selection of traits: This paper illustrates the research progress of sex control, fecundity improvement and other trait improvement in fish through gene editing.
Gene modification: The potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in the increase of genetic diversity and the development of new varieties was explored.
Technical Challenges and Ethical Issues: The technical challenges and ethical issues of CRISPR/Cas9 in fish farming applications are analyzed, emphasizing the importance of public acceptance and government regulation.
Marine biotechnology at the service of the "blue seed industry".
Source:
Author: Qin Song
Journal: Chinese Journal of Biology February 2024
Research Question:
This study explores how marine biotechnology can serve the "blue seed industry", aiming to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the aquaculture industry and promote the development of the marine economy.
Key Contributions:
Innovation in Marine Biotechnology: This paper reviews the development of marine biotechnology in the mainland over the past 30 years, especially in the innovation of breeding in the combination of macro and micro.
Development of Aquatic Seed Industry: This paper summarizes the production methods of new aquatic varieties and their role in promoting the development of "blue agriculture", and analyzes the international frontier trends and the needs of the mainland.
Precision Breeding: The development direction of international mariculture biotechnology in the next decade is proposed, emphasizing the importance of precision breeding in response to regional responses.
Related Reading:
Monthly Inventory | Aquatic Industry Insights (2024.5)
Global Fisheries and Aquaculture Overview (2024)
Global Status and Trends of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2024
Overview of U.S.-China Seafood Trade (2024 Edition)
Fresh at sea | The average net profit margin of the Hong Kong stock IPO in the past three years is only about 3%
Report | China Aquatic Products Trade Monitoring Report (2023)
Report | USDA2024 Chinese fishery products
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!["King of Shrimp" Li Zhong laid out prefabricated dishes and it was difficult to save the field, and the pre-loss of Guolian Aquatic Products exceeded 460 million, which urgently needs to be broken[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)