The summer grain harvest is nearing the end, and now is the time for the summer grain to return to the warehouse. At a time when a large number of wheat in the new season is on the market and the price is weak, China Grain Reserves Management Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China Grain Reserves"), as the main body of national policy-based grain procurement, will comprehensively increase the scale of wheat production and storage in 2024 in the main wheat producing areas while launching the rotation purchase of wheat from the central reserves, actively play a leading role in the market, and help firmly guard the bottom line of "growing grain and selling it".
A few days ago, this reporter went to the three major grain-producing areas of Henan, Anhui and Shandong to visit the rotation of wheat and the purchase of increased reserves.
The acquisition of additional reserves was carried out in an orderly manner
On the highway outside the warehouse directly under Heze, the grain sales trucks lined up in a long line. Hu Lianghong, general manager of the Heze direct warehouse of China Grain Reserves, said that more farmers came to the warehouse to sell grain this year than before. Recently, on average, more than 200 large trucks come to the direct warehouse to sell wheat every day, and even 300 at the most. In order to facilitate farmers to sell grain, China Grain Reserve has launched the "Huisannong" grain sales reservation APP to shorten the waiting time for farmers.
In the Kaifeng warehouse directly under the China Grain Reserve, the reporter saw a truck full of wheat driving into the storage area, the driver first registered the information, and received a grain sales card, and then drove slowly into the sample inspection area. After the vehicle is stopped, the sampler is slowly inserted into the wheat pile to start sampling, and then the sample is automatically transported to the inspection room, and the sampler examines the sample. Peng Tianyuan, a quality inspector of the warehouse management department of the warehouse directly under the Kaifeng warehouse of the grain storage, said that in the past, manual sampling generally took more than 10 minutes, and the work intensity of the whole process was very high, and the inspection room was full of dust. Now, with the intelligent cutting and separating system, the sample can be separated in less than a minute. After the dispensing is completed, the device transports the sample to the specified position via a pneumatic transfer device. A number of intelligent testing equipment such as grain automatic tester, imperfect grain automatic tester, moisture bulk density automatic tester only needs 10 minutes to carry out integrated automatic detection of bulk density, moisture, impurities, imperfect grains and other indicators of a grain sample. The inspection data will be automatically generated, summarized and uploaded to the acquisition system, and synchronously pushed to the grain delivery customers, avoiding human deviation and ensuring the objectivity and fairness of the inspection results.
After the inspection is completed, the grain sales truck weighs and unloads the grain before entering the grain depot. At the unloading site, the hydraulic flap unloader easily lifts the large truck and pours out the grain, which not only saves manpower but also improves efficiency. The person in charge told reporters that using the equipment, the time taken to unload a large truck loaded with 30 tons of wheat can be reduced from 1.5 hours to 30 minutes.
After the new wheat is listed in various places, China Grain Reserves will start the rotation purchase of central reserve wheat in the main wheat producing areas in a timely manner, and comprehensively increase the scale of wheat production and storage in 2024, and the purchase price of third-grade and above wheat will be 1.25 yuan per catty. "The purchase price of grain storage in China is high, and the flour mill can't give such a high price." Lin Hao, a grain broker who came to sell grain in the reservoir area directly under Heze, said that the peasants are now very enthusiastic about selling grain.
The state has increased the scale of wheat procurement and storage, and effectively coordinated with the rotation of grain reserves at all levels, which has supported wheat prices, enhanced farmers' enthusiasm for selling grain, and attracted more processing enterprises and traders to enter the market for purchase. Jiang Wei, chairman of Shandong Heze Huarui Flour Industry Co., Ltd., said that after the start of the increase in reserves, wheat prices rose steadily, stabilizing corporate expectations. As a downstream processing enterprise, I feel steady. At present, the average daily wheat purchase volume of enterprises is about 1,000 tons.
Let farmers sell "comfort food"
The summer is scorching and the heat is unbearable. Walking into a lounge in the Kuningyang branch directly under China Grain Storage Tai'an, the reporter saw several farmers who came to sell grain sitting on chairs with mung bean water in their hands, enjoying the air conditioning. The large screen on the wall visually displays the inspection progress and inspection results of each vehicle.
"Customers are able to know where the process is going." Zhang Bin, the person in charge of the Ningyang branch, said that the inspection announcement board was originally a system function used internally by the employees of China Grain Storage. After finding that this function is useful for farmers to understand the progress of processing, the Ningyang branch took the initiative to share internal information and make it public for drivers to view.
There are few restaurants around the Heze warehouse directly under the grain storage, and it has become a problem for the grain driver to eat when the meal arrives. In response to this situation, the Heze direct warehouse of China Grain Storage took the initiative to contact a nearby restaurant to provide customers with lunch. From 11:30 p.m. to 1 p.m., grain drivers can come to the reservoir area to receive free lunch coupons and go to the restaurant for dinner. Zhao Xiyong, chief of the rotation purchase and sales section of the Heze directly subordinate warehouse of China Grain Storage, said, "Lunch is generally a standard set meal of 20 yuan, with meat and vegetarian. Lunch vouchers will be distributed until the end of the summer harvest."
It is important for households to store grain before the wheat is transported to the storage site. The quality of household grain storage directly affects the quality of grain. How can farmers store grain safely, maintain grain quality, and reduce grain storage losses? To this end, the Heze direct warehouse of China Grain Reserve has issued brochures to farmers to guide farmers to store grain scientifically. Open the brochure, from the requirements for grain harvesting, to the precautions for temporary storage of newly harvested grain, to the tips for family grain storage, the care for farmers is revealed between the lines.
The food is sold, and the money is in hand. The speed at which the money for grain sales arrives affects the enthusiasm of the masses for grain sales. At the financial management window of the warehouse directly under the Central Grain Reserve Shangqiu, the reporter met Li Zhujun, who came to sell grain. Li Zhujun from Xie Ji Town, Liangyuan District, Shangqiu City, contracted more than 600 acres of land to plant wheat, and harvested more than 300 tons this summer, which was transported to the warehouse directly under Shangqiu in six trucks for sale. "If you sell your grain at noon, you will receive it in the afternoon." Li Zhujun said that it only takes 2 hours from unloading the truck to receiving the money from the bank card.
The "bank-enterprise direct connection" mechanism ensures the rapid arrival of grain sales money. "In order to allow farmers to sell comfortable grain, the Agricultural Development Bank and the Central Grain Reserve have cooperated to ensure that special funds are used exclusively to allow money to wait for grain." Liu Hengyu, the settlement officer of the financial department of the direct warehouse of China Grain Storage Shangqiu, said that during the summer harvest, the financial staff worked overtime and waited until the settlement for the last customer before leaving work.
Promote green grain storage technology
Grain must be harvested and stored well. After the grain is put into the warehouse, it is necessary to do a good job of ventilation and cooling and insect and mildew prevention and control in time to ensure the safety of grain storage. At present, the coverage rate of scientific and technological grain storage of central grain reserves exceeds 98%, and the comprehensive loss rate of grain storage cycle is controlled within 1% to ensure that the quantity of central grain reserves is true and the quality is good.
This summer, Henan continues to have high temperatures. Walking into the tall bungalow warehouse directly under the Zhengzhou warehouse of China Grain Storage, the reporter suddenly felt cool. On a 6-metre-high pile of wheat, the thermometer in the bin showed 25 degrees Celsius. "The conditions for grain living are better than those of people, and the existing green grain storage technology can ensure the requirements of temperature control and grain storage." Kang Jingwei, chief of the warehouse management section of the Zhengzhou direct warehouse of China Grain Reserve, quipped.
The inner circulation temperature control technology is the secret of maintaining the right temperature and humidity at all times in the granary. Henan has four distinct seasons, in winter, the staff uses the fan to pour the cold air in nature into the grain pile through the pipe, and then pumps out the cold air stored inside the grain pile and sends it to the warehouse space in the summer, so as to reduce the warehouse temperature, warehouse humidity and surface grain temperature, balance the grain temperature between the layers, and realize the perennial quasi-low temperature grain storage. Since pests mainly occur on the surface of grain piles in summer, this technology can effectively prevent the occurrence of pests. "One of the big benefits of using the inner loop temperature control technology is the cost savings. Compared with using air conditioning to cool down, using internal circulation temperature control technology to cool grain, a wheat silo with a capacity of 7,000 tons can save about 200 kWh of electricity per day. Warehouse staff told reporters.
In the monitoring room of the Zhengzhou Grain Storage Center, the staff showed reporters how to use the intelligent grain depot integrated control platform to monitor the grain situation in real time. Zhang Yongqing, a monitor in the warehouse department, controlled the camera in a tall bungalow warehouse, and as the focus lengthened, the corn kernels on the monitoring screen became clearer and clearer. Zhang Yongqing told reporters that at present, there are 153 cameras in the warehouse area, including 32 in the warehouse and 121 outside the warehouse, basically realizing the full coverage of the reservoir area. The system is also equipped with an AI (artificial intelligence) function, which enables early warning through analysis screens. In the reservoir area, the pinching of the index and middle fingers will be recognized by the system as smoking. Sensitive AI functions provide an insurance policy for warehouse security.
The relevant person in charge of China Grain Reserves said that in recent years, China Grain Reserves has strived to improve the level of green grain storage technology, and the new technology of carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere grain storage is an innovative approach developed by the Tongling Warehouse directly under China Grain Reserves. "It is more thorough to use low concentrations of carbon dioxide to kill insects." Zhang Kunpeng, head of the storage management section of the Bozhou warehouse directly under China Grain Reserves, said that unlike the traditional insecticidal method of chemical fumigation, the core advantage of this method is low-carbon and efficient. Carbon dioxide as a by-product of chemical enterprises is in sufficient supply and low cost, and at present, Anhui is gradually promoting the insecticidal process.