Lead:
Our country's steel production has always been the world's first, but every year we have to import 8.5 million tons of special steel from abroad, as we all know, the production of special steel is a high-tech, its manufacture is very complex, and it occupies a very important position in the military defense and high-tech industry.
So why can't our country produce special steel independently?
Isn't there even a little bit of special steel to be made?
What the hell is going on?
1. The reason why the mainland imports 8.5 million tons of special steel every year.
Special steel is a kind of alloy steel, it has relatively high performance and specific chemical composition, in addition it can also be used in strong corrosion environment applications, and it has good machinability, so why is there a demand for them in the mainland?
There are several reasons for this:
1. Some special steels still do not have relevant production capacity in China.
2. Imported special steel saves a lot of expenses and is very cheap compared with self-produced special steel.
Special steel is usually a high-end product in the same steel, because its performance and quality are very good, which is incomparable with other ordinary steels, and it also occupies a very important position in the military, national defense and high-tech industries, so the market demand is also very large and very extensive.
Some of the performance indicators and related quality indicators of special steel produced in the mainland have not reached the world's advanced standards, which also makes our country must use imported special steel to solve material problems in some fields.
In addition, even if the special steel produced by some domestic enterprises has reached the standard of imported special steel, it is also very expensive, which will also lead to the use of imported special steel instead of using domestic special steel, in addition to the high price of special steel produced by domestic enterprises, for some imported special steel is also very cheap, so they will also choose to buy imported special steel, saving a lot of expenses, and some enterprises feel that the import is more convenient, do not need to wait too much time, Therefore, it will also be more inclined to import special steel.
Second, why the mainland can not produce special steel independently.
In fact, the technology and equipment for the production of special steel in the mainland are completely available, but the technology for making special steel and smelting special steel is not very mature, and there is a big gap in the special steel technology and industrial production capacity of the mainland.
In comparison, the mainland's special steel production capacity has basically reached 100 million tons at the end of 2017, of which 70% of the special steel used in machining and cold forming can be found in the domestic inventory, but the mainland's demand for special steel is very large, so it also needs to import 8.5 million tons of special steel from abroad, because most of the imported special steel steel is from abroad, so there will be a very large demand for special steel in China.
This is a bit like the mainland in the case of foreign dependence, the mainland's smaller enterprises will still use imported special steel to ensure normal production and life, and the domestic special steel is basically manufactured by large enterprises, but the mainland's special steel is basically produced by coal coke chemical synthesis heat, in this case, it will lead to the cost of special steel is very low, and the mainland's coal resources are abundant, so the cost of producing special steel is also cheaper. Therefore, the price of imported special steel must be relatively expensive.
Third, the development status of the special steel industry in the mainland.
The technology and equipment of the mainland to manufacture special steel have gradually gone to the world, so why is it not so developed in the manufacture of special steel?
In fact, special steel occupies a very important position in steel materials, so the solidification environment of special steel and the complexity of the solidification process are very high, we know that compared with other steels, special steel has very good composition and performance, which can meet the needs of various related fields.
If you want to make a breakthrough in special steel, you must go through technological innovation, the production technology of special steel is also a high-tech, the variety and quality of steel have high requirements, then there are certain conditions in the production process, such as the production of special steel equipment and technical conditions, these are very important, but it is also a problem, in addition to some enterprises in the production process, may not be able to control the composition of steel because of equipment.
At present, most of the special steel produced in the mainland is produced by resmelting, adding an alloy of a certain composition to ordinary molten steel to make it meet the standard of special steel.
In addition, there is a part of the production of special steel, through the improvement of the process, to meet the relevant performance indicators, but the special steel produced by this method is generally used to produce steel and other materials, so we want to through the progress of technology, to produce a variety of specifications of special steel, we need better equipment and technology, if the mainland can improve the relevant technology, then the mainland production of special steel has no problem.
Therefore, the development of the steel industry also needs to use a lot of high-precision equipment and technology, which is a difficult problem for the mainland, as the so-called, the development of the steel industry is also a strong guarantee for national defense, and I hope that the mainland can go to a higher level in terms of technology.
Epilogue:
Why does the mainland import 8.5 million tons of special steel from abroad every year, in fact, it is not that our mainland cannot produce or even cannot produce it, but that our production technology and technology are not very mature in this regard.
At the same time, there are still many areas that need to be improved in terms of the quality and variety of special steel produced in the mainland.