Salzburg is a city in northwestern Austria and the capital of the state of Salzburg. In the northern foothills of the Eastern Alps, in the basin of the Salzach Valley, a tributary of the Danube.
Salt mines have been mined in prehistoric times, and its name means "salt city" in German. In ancient times, it was a Celtic settlement, and later a Roman town. The castle was built in 1077. It has long been the residence of the Catholic archbishop.
Salzburg is 435m above sea level. Temperate continental climate. The average temperature in January is -2.5°C, and in July it is 17.8°C: annual precipitation is 1278mm.
Salzburg has industries such as musical instruments, metallurgy, textiles, chemicals, and food processing. There is a large brewery.
It is an important railway and road hub in Austria, with an international airport, one of the northwestern gateways to Austria, and one of the tourist and international conference centers.
The beautiful Alpine peaks and the rich and colorful architectural art are harmoniously integrated, and it is known as the "Roman of the North".
The old town is on the left bank of the Salzach River and has preserved many Italian-style buildings. Located in the heart of the old town, the Archbishop's Mansion is a Renaissance palace of the 16th-18th centuries.
The right bank of the river was built in 1077 on the top of the hill in Hohensalzberg, which is the best-preserved and largest medieval castle in Central Europe.
Other places of interest include the 16th-century St. George's Church and the St. Sebastian's Church.
Salzburg is the birthplace of the great composer Mozart (1756-1791). No. 9 Getrei de Gasser, the former residence of the city, has been turned into a memorial hall, where a strand of his golden hair is preserved, and there is a bronze statue of Mozart in front of the Mozart Memorial Square.
Since 1945, the annual international music festival (known as the Mozart Festival) has been held for five weeks from July and has become the world's famous music city.