Source: Market Information
Source: Wall Street News
Google's latest quantum computing chip, Willow, has achieved amazing results in benchmarks: a standard calculation is completed in less than 5 minutes, which requires more than 10^25 years of top-notch supercomputing – longer than the age of the universe! Willow's accomplishments are mainly reflected in two areas: exponential reduction of errors and performance of supercomputers.
Google CEO Phi Chai Ge has just excitedly announced that Google's latest quantum computing chip, Willow, has come out! Willow achieved an amazing result in the benchmark: he completed a standard calculation in less than 5 minutes, which would require more than 10^25 years of top-notch supercomputing – longer than the age of the universe!
As soon as the news came out, even Musk exclaimed: "Wow! ”
Pichai also proposed to build a quantum cluster in space with SpaceX's Starship in the future, and Musk said: "This is likely to happen." Any self-respecting civilization should at least reach the level of Kardashov type II civilization. Musk believes that we are currently only under 5% of Type I civilizations. In order to get to around 30%, we need to place solar panels in all deserts or highly arid areas
Pichai agrees and says we should expand solar more rather than looking for alternatives
Sam Altman also sent congratulations
Willow's accomplishments are twofold
Exponentially reduce errors:
This has been a long-standing challenge in quantum computing. In general, the more qubits are used, the more errors will occur. But Willow realized that as the number of qubits increased, the error rate decreased exponentially. Google published results in the top international journal Nature showed that they tested grids of qubits ranging from 3x3, 5x5 to 7x7 in different sizes, halving the error rate each time. This is known as "below the threshold" and is a difficult problem that has not been solved since Peter Shor proposed quantum error correction in 1995. The result is also one of the first successful cases of real-time error correction on superconducting quantum systems, which is critical to any useful computation, because if the error is not corrected quickly enough, the computation will be destroyed before it can be completed. In addition, it is also a "beyond breakeven" demonstration in which an array of qubits outlive longer than a single physical qubit, a sign that cannot be faked that error correction is improving the entire system. As the first system below the threshold, this is the most convincing prototype ever built for scalable logical qubits.
Performance Hanging Supercomputer:
Google used the Random Circuit Sampling (RCS) benchmark to measure Willow's performance. Pioneered by the Google team, RCS is now a widely used standard in the industry, and it is currently the hardest classical benchmark that can be performed on quantum computers. Willow's test results were astounding: it completed a calculation in less than 5 minutes, which would take 10^25 years, or 10 trillion billion years, on one of today's fastest supercomputers. This number far exceeds the known time scales in physics, and also far exceeds the age of the universe. This also confirms the idea that quantum computing takes place in multiple parallel universes, in line with the idea that we live in a multiverse, which was originally predicted by David Deutsch. It's worth noting that Google's evaluation of Frontier's supercomputing is based on conservative assumptions, such as the assumption that secondary storage (i.e., hard drives) is fully accessible without any bandwidth overhead – a generous and impractical allowment for Frontier
More detailed technical details:
105 qubits: With 105 qubits, Willow delivers the industry's best performance in both system benchmarks, quantum error correction and random circuit sampling
5x improvement in T1 time: T1 time, a measure of how long a qubit stays in an excited state, is nearly 100 microseconds, a 5x improvement over the previous generation of chips
State-of-the-art manufacturing facility: Willow is manufactured at Google's state-of-the-art manufacturing facility in Santa Barbara, one of the few in the world built from scratch for this purpose. Systems engineering is crucial in the design and manufacturing process of quantum chips: all components of the chip, such as single and double qubit gates, qubit resets, and readouts, must be well engineered and integrated at the same time
Looking ahead, advanced AI
Google's next challenge is to demonstrate the first "useful, beyond classical" computing on today's quantum chips, which is relevant to real-world applications. They are optimistic that the Willow generation of chips can help them achieve this. They invite researchers, engineers, and developers to join them by checking out their open-source software and educational resources, including their new courses on Coursera, where developers can learn the essentials of quantum error correction and help them create algorithms that can solve future problems.
Brother Pichai thinks,
Advanced AI will significantly benefit from quantum computing. Quantum algorithms are underpinned by fundamental scaling laws, as we have seen with RCS. Similar scaling benefits exist for many of the underlying computing tasks that are critical to AI. Therefore, quantum computing will be indispensable for collecting training data that is inaccessible to classical machines, training and optimizing certain learning architectures, and modeling systems that are important for quantum effects. This includes helping us discover new drugs, designing more efficient batteries for electric vehicles, and accelerating progress on fusion and new energy alternatives. Many of these future game-changing applications won't be viable on classic computers; They are waiting for quantum computing to unlock
It's too rebellious, and I personally feel that this is another achievement of Google that changed human history after Transformer
Article source: AI Cambrian, original title: "Heavy! Google's Willow quantum chip turned out: solving the problem of quantum computing for thirty years, Musk exclaimed, Altman congratulated"
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