Lakes belong to surface runoff in the water cycle, which is a depression on the surface of the earth that stores a certain amount of water, and its structure can be divided into two parts: the lake basin and the water body it contains. Lakes are also a kind of wetland, which has a variety of functions such as regulating climate, providing water resources, conserving water sources, regulating floods, purifying water pollution, beautifying the environment and protecting biodiversity. China is a country with many lakes, and china's lakes are mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region and the eastern monsoon region.
"Kidney of North China" Baiyangdian Lake Group
According to the saltiness of the lake in the lake, it can be divided into two categories: saltwater lake and freshwater lake, the main distribution of the lake area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China is a saltwater lake, such as Qinghai Lake, Namcuo, Selincuo and other lakes are saltwater lakes; the lake area in the eastern monsoon area of China is mainly distributed in freshwater lakes, such as Taihu Lake, Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Chao Lake, Hongze Lake, Dianchi Lake, Baiyangdian and so on are freshwater lakes. Today we will introduce the large lake group "Baiyangdian" located on the North China Plain in China.
Location map of Baiyangdian
We found that there are many different names for lakes in China, the most common name is "lake", such as Poyang Lake, in addition, we will also find that there are many lakes that are not called lakes, such as in the Qinghai-Tibet region, the local lakes are called "wrong"; in Inner Mongolia and northeast China, the local lakes are called "bubbles" or "nào)er"; and for some relatively shallow lakes, they are usually called "Dian" and "Dang", such as Baiyangdian and Xiangjiadang; some places are called "seas" by lakes, such as Beihai, Shichahai, etc.
Aerial photography of Baiyangdian
From the perspective of lake naming, Baiyangdian is named after "Dian", indicating that it is a shallow lake, and the average water depth of the Baiyangdian lake group is about 3.6 meters. Baiyangdian is located in Baoding City and Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, North China, belongs to the Haihe River Basin Daqing River South Tributary Lake, a total of 143 interconnected large and small berth composition, the total area of about 366 square kilometers, the average water storage capacity of 1.32 billion cubic meters, is the largest lake in Hebei Province, but also the largest natural large plain depression on the North China Plain, for the surrounding areas have an important role, known as "the kidney of North China".
Topographic map of local areas of the North China Plain
The formation of Baiyangdian began in the late Tertiary Period, that is, about 2.6 million years ago, and eventually became a lake in the Quaternary period. The Baiyangdian area was part of the paleo basin in the northern part of the North China Plain during the Tertiary period and was part of the Bohai Depression in geological formation. That is to say, the Baiyangdian area was once a depression located on the seabed of the Bohai Sea, and later due to the Yellow River and haihe river in the northern region of China, a large amount of sediment was carried into the Bohai Sea, and the sediment was continuously deposited, raising the seabed, and the North China Plain was formed under the alluvial action of the flowing water.
Baiyangdian scenery
At this point, the Bohai Depression where Baiyangdian is located also emerged from the sea, becoming a depression on the North China Plain, and later the flowing water converged into the Baiyangdian Depression to form a group of lakes. Since then, under the long-term action of human beings, the area of Baiyangdian Lake has also been constantly changing. At present, in the Baiyangdian lake group, there are a total of seven lakes with an area of more than 10,000 mu, namely Baiyangdian, Yaochedian, Matangdian, Giethoorndian, Pond Fish Dian, Shitang and Xiaobeidian. Once, the residents around Baiyangdian lived on the lake and destroyed more biological resources in Baiyangdian, but now the ecological protection of Baiyangdian has been strengthened to protect biodiversity, and Baiyangdian has become a beautiful lake with wide reeds.
Baiyangdian