<h1>The 1st Security Brigade was armed locally by the Yunnan Provincial Government, and later followed the uprising of General Lu Han, making a significant contribution to the liberation of Yunnan and the defense of Kunming. </h1>
After the liberation of Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek was not willing to accept his own defeat and wanted to grasp the unlivected areas in a vain attempt to make a comeback. For Yunnan, it was quite difficult to solve Lu Han and change his confidants, so he had to treat Lu Han with the method of appeasement. At the same time, Zhang Qun served as the military and political commander of the southwest, and had a close personal relationship with Lu Han. Zhang Qun also needed to enlist Lu Han, who was the commander-in-chief of the Yunnan Provincial Garrison at the time, He Shaozhou, the heir apparent of He Yingqin. Lu Han wanted to drive away He Shaozhou so as not to hinder his actions. He Shaozhou also wanted to bring Down Lu Han and secretly reported to Chiang Kai-shek that Lu Han had secretly conspired with the Communist Party in order to seize military and political power. The contradiction between He Lu and Lu gradually surfaced. He Shaozhou's uncle, He Jiwu, the mayor of Guiyang, came to Dian to dredge Up With Lu Han in order to resolve the contradictions between He and Lu. In order to grasp the military and political power in Yunnan, Lu Han resolutely demanded that Chiang Kai-shek abolish the Yunnan Provincial Garrison General Headquarters and set up a separate Yunnan Appeasement Office. Chiang Kai-shek was in internal and external difficulties, and in order to appease Lu Han, he agreed to the request, explicitly ordered the abolition of the Yunnan Garrison General Headquarters, and He Shaozhou transferred a new post, established the Yunnan Appeasement Office, and appointed Lu Han as director. On June 8, 1949, the Yunnan Appeasement Office was formally established, and its members were: Director Lu Han, Deputy Director Ma Yongying, Chief of Staff Xie Chongwen, Deputy Chief of Staff Zhang Gongda. There are various departments under it: Yang Jianqiu, chief of the General Staff Division, Yang Zhenxing, director of the Military Justice Division, Yang Helin, director of the Manager Division, He Xiangyao, director of the General Affairs Division, Chen Rongming and Luo Chunbo, directors of the Political Work Division, Pan Zhonglu, director of the Information Department, Dai Shizhong, director of the Military Medical Department, the Ordnance Department is also run by the General Affairs Office of the Security Command, and the Director of the Security and Defense Division is Shen Drunk. The Security Department was set up in accordance with the Organic Law of the Sui Prefecture, which was a military command organization, nominally under the appeasement office, and was actually under the command of the Yunnan Station of the Military Command, with a total of 60 or 70 people, all of whom were secret agents of the military command.
After the establishment of the Yunnan Appeasement Office, Lu Han concurrently served as director and concurrently as chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang, took charge of the party, government, and military power in the province, thus creating favorable conditions for preparing for the uprising. He did the following main things.
(1) In the first step, the original security regiment was reorganized into three brigades, each with three regiments under its jurisdiction and units directly under the brigade, and its personnel were as follows: Long Shengwen, commander of the First Brigade, Yu Jianxun, commander of the Second Brigade, and Long Zehui, commander of the Third Brigade.
(2) In October 1949, three brigades were reorganized into two corps, and their number was: Yu Jianxun, commander of the Seventy-fourth Army, under the jurisdiction of three divisions and nine regiments and units directly under the army division. The three divisions were Qu Zhen, commander of the 184th Division, Bao Ruguang, commander of the 259th Division, and Yin Jisheng, commander of the 260th Division. The commander of the Ninety-third Army, Long Zehui, had three divisions and nine regiments under his command and the units directly under the division. The three divisions were Zhang Zhonghan, commander of the 277th Division, Long Shengwen, commander of the 278th Division, and Zhang Bingchang, commander of the 279th Division.
With these two armies, plus local teams and police, a total of about 40,000 people, this is the total strength of the Yunnan uprising that later held.
(3) When Lu Han served as the director of appeasement, he had the right to mobilize the Kuomintang Central Army stationed in Yunnan. Therefore, the Shi Supplementary Heavenly Division of the Twenty-sixth Army of the Central Army stationed in Anning was transferred to southern Yunnan and made it leave Kunming to remove obstacles.
(4) On the order of the Appeasement Office, the Eighty-ninth Army of the Central Army (Commander Liu Bolong), stationed in Yunnan, was transferred to Guiyang on the grounds that the situation in Guiyang was tense.
(5) Li Mi's troops of the Eighth Army of the Central Army marched into Yunnan on the orders of Chiang Kai-shek, but Lu Han was unable to stop them and allowed them to be stationed in the area of Xuanqi and Zhaotong, and were not allowed to approach Kunming.
(6) The General Headquarters of the Kuomintang Army was moved from Nanjing to Chongqing, and Chongqing was preparing to withdraw into Kunming. Under the pretext of tight food supply, Lu Han prevented the Army Headquarters and other organs from entering Kunming, and only agreed to be stationed in Qujing.
(7) The Kuomintang Central Gendarmerie Command and several gendarmerie regiments under it requested to be stationed in Yunnan and Kunming. Lu Han, in the name of the director of appeasement, was not allowed to go to Kunming, and after a last resort, he only agreed to be stationed in Qujing to get food.
(8) The Police Corps of the Kuomintang Ministry of the Interior wants to enter Kunming. Luján was not allowed to enter the garrison on the pretext that there was no food supply.
(9) After the establishment of the Yunnan Appeasement Office, it issued an order to abolish the military, division, and regimental districts located in Yunnan, and not to allow conscription in Yunnan. After the abolition of the military, division, and regimental districts, the remaining units were reorganized and supplemented by the security regiment.
(10) In order to superficially deal with the Kuomintang Central Committee, a command center for "suppressing bandits" was established in accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's orders. Chiang Kai-shek sent Xiao Yisu to Kunming to hold a military conference to discuss the elimination of local guerrillas in Yunnan, and decided to set up a headquarters for the "suppression of bandits" in southern Yunnan, under the command of Yu Chengwan, commander of the Twenty-sixth Army. At that time, the local armed forces in Yunnan led by the Chinese Communists were in southern Yunnan, and Lu Han sent people to inform the transfer. At the same time, it was decided to set up a "suppression of bandits" command center in western Yunnan, under the command of Yu Jianxun, commander of the Second Security Brigade. Yu Jianxun's task: First, to open up the Burma Highway and make the vehicles unimpeded. The second is to garrison western Yunnan to prevent the intrusion of the kuomintang central forces, stabilize local order, and serve as a rear base for future operations in the Kunming uprising.
(11) To garrison Kunming with the 1st Security Brigade and the 3rd Security Brigade to maintain the security of the provincial capital.
Lu Han (1895-1974), formerly known as Bang Han, Zi Yongheng, Yunnan Zhaotong, Yi, famous anti-Japanese patriotic general, former senior general of the Kuomintang Dian Army, second-class general of the National Revolutionary Army. On December 9, 1949, he led an uprising in Kunming to peacefully liberate Yunnan, and in 1955 he was awarded the Liberation Medal of the First Class. He has successively served as chairman of the Yunnan Military and Political Committee, vice chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, deputy director of the State Sports Commission, member of the National Defense Commission, member of the Standing Committee of the Second and Third National People's Congresses, and members of the Standing Committee of the Second, Third and Fourth National Committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died of lung cancer in Beijing on May 13, 1974, at the age of 79.
<h1>Commander of the First Security Brigade of Yunnan Province, Long Shengwen</h1>
Long Shengwen (1907-1982) Yi ethnic group, number Yingkui, a native of Tangfanggoubian, Zhenxiong County, Yunnan Province. Cousin of An Enpu and An Junsan. Graduated from the 19th Infantry Section of Yunnan DaowuTang and the 3rd Class B of the General Officer Class of the Army University.
Born June 23, 1907. In 1925, he was admitted to the 19th infantry department of Yunnan Daowutang and participated in the "Youth Reading Club". In 1929, he was appointed platoon commander of the Special Agent Company of the Ninety-eighth Division. He joined the Kuomintang the following year, and since then he has served as a battalion commander, deputy regimental commander, regimental commander, and deputy brigade commander in the Yunnan Army. In November 1945, he was appointed deputy commander of the Provisional Twenty-fourth Division, refused to accept Chiang Kai-shek's dispatch and reorganization, dismissed his troops, and was detained and sent to the Nanjing Military Justice Department under house arrest.
In June 1949, he was appointed as the brigade commander of the 1st Security Brigade of Yunnan Province, and in October, the Baoyi Brigade was reorganized into the 278th Division of the 93rd Army, serving as the commander of the division, and was ordered to garrison the areas of Heqing, Lijiang, and Jianchuan, and handed over the heqing County government to the seven detachments of the Yunnan Guiqian Border Column of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. On December 9, he revolted in Kunming and threw himself into the defense of Kunming, commanding the defense of the area around Wujiaba Airport and the direction of Songming and Xundian. He also led his troops to the Yuanjiang area to intercept the remnants of Chiang Kai-shek's army fleeing south. Later, he served as the commander of the provisional 39th Division of the 13th Army of the People's Liberation Army, and after the merger, he served as the deputy commander of the 38th Division. He was a senator of the Yunnan Military Region, and in 1955, he transferred to local work and served as a member of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died in Kunming on February 1, 1982.