Photovoltaic power generation project located in Dabakou Village, Xiaojin County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. Photo by Liu Guoxing (People's Vision)
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From August to November this year, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress organized an inspection of the enforcement of the Renewable Energy Law.
The law enforcement inspection team found that since the implementation of the law in 2006, the scale of renewable energy development and utilization has been significantly expanded, and the level of technical equipment has been significantly improved, but it still needs to be strengthened in the implementation of the plan, cross-regional transmission of the power grid, and technology research and development capabilities.
China is a major renewable energy country in the world. From August to November this year, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress organized a law enforcement inspection team to inspect the implementation of the Renewable Energy Law in six provinces and regions, including Jilin and Xinjiang. Since the implementation of the law in 2006, the scale of renewable energy development and utilization has been significantly expanded, and the level of technical equipment has been significantly improved, but there are still problems such as insufficient overall coordination and implementation in the implementation of the law。
Planning is unscientific and lacks effective articulation
On September 2, Xinjiang Energy (Group) Hami Clean Energy Co., Ltd. Against the blue sky, neat and orderly fans and photovoltaic panels stand on the endless Gobi Desert, which is quite spectacular.
"What are you planning on?" The inspection group asked.
"It depends on the wind and the light. Through scientific investigation, we collect wind data, wind and solar complementarity, wind and wind, no wind and light. Zhang Sen, the manager of the company, replied.
The inspection team advised: "Renewable energy planning should be scientific and coordinated, especially it should be well connected with the power grid construction plan." If the planning is not well connected, there will be a problem of abandoning light and abandoning electricity. ”
The Renewable Energy Law has clear requirements for the preparation of renewable energy development and utilization plans, but the inspection found that the national and local renewable energy development goals and plans are not sufficiently connected and binding, the national goals fail to fully consider the market potential brought about by industry progress and cost reduction, and the medium- and long-term goals in some places are not strictly determined in accordance with the national total targets, and even exceed the overall targets of the higher level, and the development layout and speed are inconsistent with the higher level plan。 At the same time, there is a lack of effective connection with the power grid construction plan. Some places have reported that due to the lack of synchronous planning for power generation, transmission and consumption, the construction of the power grid lags behind the development of renewable energy, the transmission channel is insufficient, and the capacity of some transmission channels has not been fully utilized, and the problem of blocking the output of renewable energy power is more obvious。
How is the plan developed? What adjustments will be made to the implementation of the plan? What role does planning play in leading the sustainable development of renewable energy? The inspection team repeatedly asks these questions everywhere they go. However, some of the inspected regions and departments avoided planning itself, only talking about consumption and subsidy arrears.
The inspection team stressed that scientific planning is the basis for promoting the orderly and healthy development of renewable energy. In accordance with the requirements of the Renewable Energy Law, we should adhere to planning first, prepare renewable energy planning and related development plans for hydropower, wind power and solar energy, and scientifically plan to guide the orderly development and utilization of renewable energy。 From power generation to power grid to consumption, it should be coordinated as a whole.
Yang Rong, a member of the inspection team and a deputy to the National People's Congress, said that planning according to law is to strictly follow the requirements of the Renewable Energy Law, "the plan has been formulated, and whether it has undergone expert argumentation before filing with the State Council, the law is not clear." For those who have not filed for the record, how to pursue responsibility, it is recommended to supplement the relevant penalties when amending the law. ”
The inspection team stressed that it is necessary to strictly implement the requirements of the planning system in the Renewable Energy Law, highlight the scientific, forward-looking and binding nature of planning, scientifically and reasonably determine the development goals and development sequence of renewable energy, coordinate the deployment arrangements for the development, transmission and utilization of renewable energy, and actively promote the sustained and healthy development of the renewable energy industry。 Local energy authorities at all levels shall, on the basis of national planning, formulate plans for the development and utilization of renewable energy in their respective administrative regions in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, so that the planning at all levels is linked from top to bottom。
Grid construction cannot keep up with the abandonment of electricity
Although wind and light resources are inexhaustible, it is difficult to output and consume them in full at present. This was the most concentrated problem that the inspection team heard, and it was also a headache in the area inspected.
In accordance with the provisions of the Renewable Energy Law, the state encourages and supports renewable energy grid-connected power generation, but the renewable energy consumption market is still insufficient。 "The construction of the power grid and the rapid development of new energy are not synchronized, resulting in limited power output, and the phenomenon of power curtailment in some places is serious." The inspection team believes that the problem of difficult consumption is actually caused by unscientific planning and lack of effective linkage.
The inspection team came to the State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center. The staff of the center reflected that Xinjiang is an area with more wind and light, and the cost of electricity transmission in Xinjiang is very high, and some places are reluctant to accept electricity delivered from other places.
The National Energy Group Guohua Energy Investment Co., Ltd. reflected to the inspection team that with the continuous increase of national support for renewable energy, the rapid development of renewable energy in Hami, the installed capacity of renewable energy in hami power grid accounts for 1/3 of the total renewable energy in Xinjiang, but due to factors such as insufficient delivery capacity, renewable energy curtailment is relatively high, affecting the renewable energy consumption rate in Xinjiang。
In Nilke County, Xinjiang, when inspecting the photovoltaic project, the inspection team saw that each solar panel is 3 meters high from the ground, and can be planted or cultivated under the solar panel, where there are abundant solar and thermal conditions, achieving a win-win situation of power generation above and breeding below. At present, the average annual power generation is more than 21 million kWh, and the income is more than 12.3 million yuan, and the proceeds will be all used in the field of poverty alleviation. "The development of photovoltaic poverty alleviation industry has illuminated our road to poverty alleviation." Zhou Lixin, secretary of the county party committee, said with a smile. This was also fully affirmed by the inspection team.
The inspection team called for improving the trading mechanism of the renewable electricity market, breaking down the barriers to electricity trading between provinces, encouraging market entities at both ends of the market to carry out direct transactions, and establishing a targeted system for renewable energy power generation to participate in electricity spot market transactions。 Actively guide and standardize the construction of the electricity market, and enhance the capacity of renewable energy consumption through market-oriented methods。 Power grid companies should strengthen the construction of transmission channels and improve the cross-regional transmission capacity of renewable electricity。
The research and development capabilities of key core technologies are still weak
The Renewable Energy Law stipulates that scientific and technological research and industrialization development of renewable energy development and utilization should be listed as priority areas for scientific and technological development and high-tech industrial development, and funds shall be arranged to support scientific and technological research, application demonstration and industrialization development of renewable energy development and utilization, so as to promote technological progress in the development and utilization of renewable energy。
At noon on September 26, the fiery sun was just at the head, and the photovoltaic panels on the saline ground were endless. This is one of the 22 leading photovoltaic bases of the National Energy Administration, jilin Baicheng 300,000 kilowatts of photovoltaic leading base.
"What are the specific aspects of scientific and technological progress and innovation in supporting and promoting renewable energy?"
"It has increased the power generation and light energy conversion rate and reduced the cost. You see, there are conversion bearings under each photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panels can rotate with the sun to ensure that the sun is direct. Lu Guancheng, head of the base, proudly pointed to the photovoltaic panels, "Scientific and technological progress has reduced our cost by half, but the efficiency has increased by 20%-30%. ”
The inspection team came to the central control room of the base. The members of the inspection team pointed to the computer display and asked, "Can you tell which photovoltaic panel has a problem?" ”
"You can see it. Blue is the prediction line, which can predict how much electricity will be generated; green is the dispatch line, which can dispatch how much electricity will be generated. As soon as we find a problem, we will immediately notify the operation and maintenance personnel to detect it. "The central control room staff demonstrated skillfully.
The inspection team saw that scientific prediction, scientific scheduling, and scientific management maximized efficiency under the condition of safety and control.
However, the inspection team also found that although China's renewable energy technology level has made significant progress, it needs to be strengthened in terms of technology research and development capabilities, equipment manufacturing quality, engineering technology innovation, and public technology system construction. Some key core technology research and development capabilities are weak, there are still technical bottlenecks in large-capacity energy storage technology, safe and economical new energy storage products need to be broken; power grid access and operation technology needs to be rapidly improved, power grid operation control technology, intelligent level, flexible adjustment ability, etc., all need to be upgraded to adapt to a high proportion of renewable energy grid operation level; biomass energy related technologies need to be breakthroughs, molding fuel technology content is not high, biofuel ethanol, biomass gasification and other technical bottlenecks。
The inspection group pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to scientific and technological innovation and promote the solution of problems that arise in development. In accordance with the requirements of the law, pay more attention to the role of science and technology in promoting the development of renewable energy, increase capital investment, strengthen technical research, pay attention to the transformation of achievements and application demonstrations, promote industrialization applications, etc., and strive to solve the outstanding problems affecting the development of the renewable energy industry, such as insufficient subsidy quotas, untimely distribution and insufficient capacity for green electricity consumption, through scientific progress and scientific and technological innovation。 (Wang Bixue)
Source: People's Daily
Editor: Hou Chaoxuan
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