一、更改ORACLE SID名称
1、切换到ORACLE用户，登陆到ORACLE数据库：
[root@ora10g ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Dec 6 23:52:04 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
2、查看当前的实例名
SQL> col host_name format a20
SQL> select host_name,instance_name,status from v$instance;
HOST_NAME INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
-------------------- ---------------- ------------
ora10g.localdomain wwl OPEN
3、创建参数文件
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
4、关闭实例
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
5、停止监听
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 06-DEC-2011 23:54:53
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora10g.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
6、检查是否有数据库相关的进程，这里查看到ORACLE的进程都没有启动
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora
root 1907 1885 0 23:49 ? 00:00:00 hald-addon-storage: polling /dev/hdc
avahi 2086 1 0 23:49 ? 00:00:00 avahi-daemon: running [ora10g.local]
root 2455 2259 0 23:51 pts/1 00:00:00 su - oracle
oracle 2456 2455 0 23:51 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash
oracle 2501 2456 0 23:55 pts/1 00:00:00 ps -ef
oracle 2502 2456 0 23:55 pts/1 00:00:00 grep ora
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ps -ef|grep list
68 1893 1885 0 23:49 ? 00:00:00 hald-addon-acpi: listening on acpid socket /var/run/acpid.socket
68 1897 1885 0 23:49 ? 00:00:00 hald-addon-keyboard: listening on /dev/input/event0
root 2297 2292 0 23:49 tty7 00:00:00 /usr/bin/Xorg :0 -br -audit 0 -auth /var/gdm/:0.Xauth -nolisten tcp vt7
oracle 2504 2456 0 23:55 pts/1 00:00:00 grep list
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ps -ef|grep tns
oracle 2506 2456 0 23:55 pts/1 00:00:00 grep tns
7、修改刚才创建的pfile参数文件，主要添加和修改instance_name和service_names的值为新值：
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@ora10g dbs]$ ls -rtl
总计 68
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 8385 1998-09-11 init.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 12920 2001-05-03 initdw.ora
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 11-17 15:39 hc_wwl.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 11-17 15:41 orapwwwl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2048 11-19 02:47 orawwl02
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 24 11-19 03:12 lkWWL
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 11-19 03:17 hc_wwl02.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 667 11-19 03:18 initwwl02.ora
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 24 11-19 03:19 lkWWL02
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2560 11-19 04:22 spfilewwl02.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 12-06 23:51 spfilewwl.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1038 12-06 23:54 initwwl.ora
[oracle@ora10g dbs]$ vi initwwl.ora
*.__db_cache_size=218103808
*.__java_pool_size=4194304
*.__large_pool_size=4194304
*.__shared_pool_size=54525952
*.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/orasoft//admin/wwl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/orasoft//admin/wwl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/oradata/wwl/control01.ctl','/oradata/wwl/control02.ctl','/oradata/wwl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/orasoft//admin/wwl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oradata/flash_back'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=wwlXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oradata/archive'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=285212672
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
*.user_dump_dest='/orasoft//admin/wwl/udump'
--添加如下内容
*.db_name='wwl'
*.instance_name = wwl01
*.service_names = wwl01
~
8、检查刚才添加的参数文件，是否已添加进来。
[oracle@ora10g dbs]$ cat initwwl.ora
9、并且创建新的密码文件
[oracle@ora10g dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwwwl01.ora password=oracle;
[oracle@ora10g dbs]$ cd /orasoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
[oracle@ora10g admin]$ ls
listener11113011AM1905.bak listener.ora samples shrept.lst tnsnames11113011AM1905.bak tnsnames.ora
10、检查监听文件，如果有SID_NAME这个参数，将其修改为新的SID即可，我这里没有，就不修改了
[oracle@ora10g admin]$ vi listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /orasoft//product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
"tnsnames.ora" 24L, 527C 已写入
10、使用刚才修改后的spfile参数启动数据库：
[oracle@ora10g dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 7 00:04:50 2011
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup pfile='/orasoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initwwl.ora';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 62916176 bytes
Database Buffers 218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
11、将刚才创建的pfile参数创建为spfile，以后启动默认使用该spfile参数启动数据库
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
12、检查修改后的SID的名称，我们看到确实是已经修改过来了，但是实例名和DATABASE名称是不会修改的
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name string wwl01
SQL> show parameter service_names
service_names string wwl01
SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
wwl
SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
---------
WWL
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