1.资源准备
最近,在VmwareStation 10虚拟机上,基于CentOS5.4安装Oracle 11g RAC,并把过程记录下来.刚开始时,是基于CentOS 6.4安装Oracle 11g RAC, 没有成功,主要是Oracle 11g RAC安装,没有针对CentOS 6.4的内核的一些包.
本文内容详实,包括安装过程中遇到的一些问题,也单独编一章节,第四章节的FAQ.
http://blog.chinaunix.net/xmlrpc.php?r=blog/article&id=4681351&uid=29655480
SecureCRT:用于客户机通过SSH连接LINUX
VmWareStation10:
VMware-workstation-full-10.0.1-1379776.exe
5C4A7-6Q20J-6ZD58-K2C72-0AKPE （已测，可用）
1Y0W5-0W205-7Z8J0-C8C5M-9A6MF
NF2A7-AYK43-CZCT8-FCAN6-CA84
4A4QH-6Q195-XZW10-6K8N2-A3CJX
5A6ZT-20JD2-LZWZ9-H38N0-92L62
CentOS5.4: CentOS-5.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso、CentOS-5.4-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso
Oracle 11g: linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip、linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip、linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip
http://public-yum.oracle.com
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/
https://www.centos.org/download/mirrors/
http://download.chinaunix.net/download.php?id=30562&ResourceID=12271
Oracle ASMlib下载地址：
Windows环境：
虚拟机环境：
2.搭建环境-2.1创建虚拟机
操作如节点1.
两个虚拟机都安装，此步骤在创建虚拟机节点时:
在cmd中进入WMware Workstation 10.0 安装目录:
1.创建存储Oracle Clusterware文件 (Oracle Cluster Registry and voting disk) 的磁盘：
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 4Gb -a lsilogic -t 2 "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM"\ShareDiskOCR.vmdk
2.创建存储Oracle共享数据文件的磁盘：
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 20Gb -a lsilogic -t 2 "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM"\ShareDiskData01.vmdk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 20Gb -a lsilogic -t 2 "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM"\ShareDiskData02.vmdk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5Gb -a lsilogic -t 2 "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM"\ShareDiskFlash.vmdk
关闭两台虚拟机，用记事本打开虚拟机名字.wmx，到虛拟机的目录比如 E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\linuxrac1，直接编辑*.vmx 文件, 加上下面语句(所有虛拟机节点)：
scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:1.fileName = "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM\ShareDiskOCR.vmdk"
scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:1.redo = ""
scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:2.fileName = "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM\ShareDiskData01.vmdk"
scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:2.redo = ""
scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:3.fileName = "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM\ShareDiskData02.vmdk"
scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:3.redo = ""
scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:4.fileName = "E:\SoftwareInstall\vmware\SharedDiskASM\ShareDiskFlash.vmdk"
scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:4.redo = ""
scsi1.pciSlotNumber = "37"
usb:0.present = "TRUE"
usb:0.deviceType = "hid"
usb:0.port = "0"
usb:0.parent = "-1"
注意：这个文件中的每一行都不能重复，否则会报错， 而且不要去改变文件的编码格式
（如果提示需要存储为其他编码格式，比如unicode, 那么就是拷贝的格式有问题，需要手工写入 ）。
最后开启虚拟机程序(注意，一定要重新启动vmware界面程序)，查看每个节点虚拟机
Devices部分，在未开启各个虚拟机的时候就应该可以看到磁盘挂载情况 。 然后开机
再次确认 。 如果在未开启时没有看到磁盘信息， 那么就是写入vmx文件的语法有问题，
可以手工写入(而不是拷贝)。
当然也可以通过VMWare图形界面建立磁盘，注意共享磁盘选择SCSI 1而不是0才可以。我这里就是用的图形界面方式，总之不管是图形界面还是命令创建，最后添加到虚拟机里的每一个磁盘属性应当如下图所示，
注意选择磁盘时候需要选取 SCSI 1:1,SCSI 1:2，我这里有四个共享磁盘，那么就依次是SCSI 1:1,SCSI 1:2，SCSI 1:3,SCSI 1:4
在百度搜索:JDK下载
put E:\软件安装文件\jdk-8u11-linux-x64.rpm /home/linuxrac1/Downloads
put E:\软件安装文件\linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip /home/linuxrac1/Downloads
put E:\软件安装文件\linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip /home/linuxrac1/Downloads
put E:\软件安装文件\jdk-8u11-linux-x64.rpm /home/linuxrac1/Downloads
安装JDK：
[linuxrac1@localhost Downloads]# su root
Password:
[linuxrac1@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u11-linux-x64.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################[100%]
1:jdk ###########################################[100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
rt.jar...
jsse.jar...
charsets.jar...
tools.jar...
localedata.jar...
jfxrt.jar...
[root@localhost Downloads]#
total 16
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Sep 3 18:40 default -> /usr/java/latest
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Sep 3 18:40 jdk1.8.0_11
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Sep 3 18:40 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11
[root@linuxrac1 java]# cd jdk1.8.0_11
[root@linuxrac1 jdk1.8.0_11]# ls
bin javafx-src.zip man THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt
COPYRIGHT jre README.html THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt
db lib release
include LICENSE src.zip
[root@linuxrac1 jdk1.8.0_11]# pwd
/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11
查看安装JDK的目录：/usr/java/
[root@linuxrac1 ~]# cd /usr/java/
[root@linuxrac1 java]# ll
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Sep 3 18:40 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11
[root@linuxrac1 java]# cd jdk1.8.0_11
[root@linuxrac1 jdk1.8.0_11]# ls
编辑profile
[root@linuxrac1 ~]# cd /etc
[root@linuxrac1 etc]# ls profile
profile
[root@linuxrac1 etc]# vi profile
# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
pathmunge () {
if ! echo $PATH | /bin/egrep -q "(^|:)$1($|:)" ; then
if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
PATH=$PATH:$1
else
PATH=$1:$PATH
fi
fi
}
# ksh workaround
if [ -z "$EUID" -a -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
EUID=`id -u`
UID=`id -ru`
fi
# Path manipulation
# if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
pathmunge /sbin
pathmunge /usr/sbin
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
# fi
# set environment by HondaHsu 2014
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11/jre
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tool.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib:
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH
[root@linuxrac1 etc]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_11"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_11-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.11-b03, mixed mode)
Oracle Rac数据库涉及到公用网络和私有网络，因此要做网络划分和IP地址规划,下表列出了要安装的RAC数据库对应的IP地址、主机名以及网络连接类型：
Rac1
主机名
IP址址
子网
网络类型
解析方式
Eth0
10.10.97.161
255.255.255.0
公用网络
Eth1
192.168.2.116
私有网络
10.10.97.181
虚拟网络
/etc/hosts
#eth0 public
10.10.97.161 linuxrac1
10.10.97.167 linuxrac2
#eth1 private
192.168.2.116 linuxrac1-pri
192.168.2.216 linuxrac2-priv
#virtual
10.10.97.181 linuxrac1-vip
10.10.97.183 linuxrac2-vip
#scan
10.10.97.193 linuxrac-scan
Rac2
10.10.97.167
192.168.2.216
10.10.97.183
公网与私网IP设置在网卡上，虚拟IP不用设置.
通过ifdown,ifup使配置的IP生效:
[root@linuxrac2 Desktop]# ifdown eth0
Device state: 3 (disconnected)
[root@linuxrac2 Desktop]# ifdown eth1
[root@linuxrac2 Desktop]# ifup eth0
Active connection state: activating
Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2
state: activated
Connection activated
[root@linuxrac2 Desktop]# ifup eth1
Active connection state: activated
Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3
[root@localhost /]#rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc
在Linux安装文件的CentOS-5.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1\Packages文件夹查找缺少的依赖包：
yum 使用http://mirror.centos.org的镜像更新：http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/
另外，也可以通过修改yum.repos.d下的CenOS的镜像仓库地址，如访问163的镜像,操作如下：
1) 备份系统原来的CentOS-Base.repo文件：
[root@localhost /]#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost /]#cp -a CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
2) 用vi打开CentOS-Base.repo文件：
[root@localhost /]#vim CentOS-Base.repo
然后，按Insert键进入文本编辑状态
3) 修改后的CentOS-Base.repo文件,代码如下：
# CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS.
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
enabled=0
保存：先按Esc，然后按“：”，再：“wq”。
通过SecureCRT上传：oracle 所依赖的一些包
put E:\temp\ rpms.zip/home/linuxrac2/Downloads
然后解压：
解压所上传的压缩包:
put E:\temp\ rpms.zip /home/linuxrac2/Downloads
例如：
[root@localhost rpms]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpms]# rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpms]# rpm -ivh unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpms]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
在安装 oracle x64 时，需要安装 32 位的 compat-libstdc++，但是，直接运行安装时，会由于依赖关系，安装不能完成，如果手工输入这么多的包，就过于复杂了。更关键的是，它列出的名字与包的名字并不一一对应。
[root@localhost rpms]#rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libc.so.6 is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1.3) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libgcc_s.so.1 is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libgcc_s.so.1(GCC_3.0) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libgcc_s.so.1(GCC_3.3) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libgcc_s.so.1(GLIBC_2.0) is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
libm.so.6 is needed by compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
本文转自 张冲andy 博客园博客，原文链接： <b>http://www.cnblogs.com/andy6/p/5759189.html</b> ，如需转载请自行联系原作者