Python3模拟登录豆瓣(以豆瓣为例)

首先,先哭一会儿.

因为,这个模拟登录我弄了很久,我是属于没经验的那种.所以要弄很久.

登录的目标站点是:

www.douban.com

豆瓣网站!

先上思路吧!

"""

技术要求:

Python第三方库:

requests

json

"""

思路:

#这是最基本的防止反爬虫的策略了!就是设置User-Agent和Referer!

headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; W…) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0",

"Referer":"https://www.douban.com/account…w.douban.com/people/153954087/"}

#第二,设置data!

#因为登录一般来说都是POST请求,那么就会涉及到表单的提交!

def login(CaptchaToken):

data = {"captcha-id":CaptchaToken,

"captcha-solution":input("请输入验证码:"),

"form_email":"你自己的账号",

"form_password":"你自己的密码",

"login":u"登录",

"redir":"https://www.douban.com/people/153954087/",

"source":"None"

}

#啥?什么是POST?

#这个东西你百度的话还真的难懂,不如去试炼一番.

#怎么试炼?

呐:https://v.qq.com/x/page/p0525lpt4x0.html

#提交表单的数据是通过POST,还是不懂POST的话,那么请看"呐"的链接即可!

response = requests.post("https://accounts.douban.com/login",data,headers)

print(response.url)

return response.text

#最后一部分的就是关于豆瓣的验证码的问题了!

#所以这块也不会是晦涩难懂,基本思路就是!

#获取验证码图片的URL,然后,url是不变的,变化的是url的id!

#验证码:

def CaptchaCode(url):

response = requests.get(url)

result = response.json()

CaptchaUrl = result["url"]

CaptchaToken = result["token"]

CodeImg = requests.get("https:"+CaptchaUrl,headers).content

f = open("douban_code.png","wb")

f.write(CodeImg)

f.close()

return CaptchaToken

完整代码:

import requests

"""

思路:

1.设置headers,防止反扒

2.设置data

3.验证码的设置

"""

headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; W…) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0",

"Referer":"https://www.douban.com/account…w.douban.com/people/153954087/"}

#验证码:

def CaptchaCode(url):

response = requests.get(url)

result = response.json()#转化为json格式的字符串!

CaptchaUrl = result["url"]

CaptchaToken = result["token"]

CodeImg = requests.get("https:"+CaptchaUrl,headers).content

f = open("douban_code.png","wb")

f.write(CodeImg)

f.close()

return CaptchaToken

#返回验证码的ID

#登录

def login(CaptchaToken):

data = {"captcha-id":CaptchaToken,

"captcha-solution":input("请输入验证码:"),

"form_email":"xxxxx",

"form_password":"xxxxxx",

"login":u"登录",

"redir":"https://www.douban.com/people/153954087/",

"source":"None"

}

response = requests.post("https://accounts.douban.com/login",data,headers)

print(response.url)

return response.text

CaptchaToken = CaptchaCode("https://www.douban.com/j/misc/captcha")

response = login(CaptchaToken)

if "iven" in response:

print("登录成功!")

else:

print("登录失败!")

print(response)

最后说一点,模拟登陆的意思就是 把你的爬虫尽可能的模仿成浏览器的样子去访问目标站点!

这个就需要经验和时间的累积了.

我总结了一点,关于懂和不懂的区别.

懂了不一定会,你懂了其思路,说是懂了.但是真正去实现的时候就会是一脸懵逼的!

所以,在学习这个东西时,做一下记录.保持学习进程.

就这么多!