Yellow-waisted sunbird (scientific name: Aethopyga siparaja) is a small bird with a body length of 10-15 cm. Yellow-waisted sunbird males have a metallic green forehead and anterior part of the crown of the head, and the back of the head to the occipital olive brown or olive gray brown, sometimes the plumage is stained red. Cheeks, ear feathers, head side, neck side, back, shoulders, winged small coverts and middle covert feathers are dark vermilion or dark red, and the waist is bright yellow. The upper tail feathers and central tail feathers are metallic green, the central tail feathers are specially elongated, the outer tail feathers are black and purple, and the feather margins are metallic green. The large coverts and flight feathers are dark brown, the feathers are olive yellow, and the beard is metallic purple or emerald green with a purple metallic luster, long and distinct. The chin, throat, and thorax are bright red, the rest of the underparts are olive green or grayish yellow stained green, the female has a grayish brown forehead to the pillow or is embellished with olive green, the upper body is olive green, and the upper feathers on the waist and tail are stained with yellow and olive green yellow. The tail is dark brown, the central tail feathers are not elongated, the outer edge of the tail feathers is olive yellow, and the outermost 2 to 3 pairs of tail feathers are white at the apex. The wings are brown or dark brown with olive-yellow feathers. The underparts are yellowish green or grey with olive yellow, the ventral center and undertail coverts are sometimes more yellowish, and the axillary and underwing coverts are white. The iris is brownish red, reddish brown or dark brown, the corners of the mouth are brown, the lower corners of the mouth are yellow, and the tarsals are dark brown or dark brown.
China is distributed in western Yunnan Luxi, Yongping, southwest Yongde, Gengma, Zhenkang, Cangyuan, Shuangjiang, Menglian, southern Yuanjiang, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Luchun, Jinping, southeast Mengla and central Jingdong, Guangxi Nanning, Guangdong and other places
It mainly inhabits secondary forests, bamboo forests and evergreen broad-leaved forests in open areas such as low mountains and foothill plains below 1500 meters above sea level, and can reach evergreen broad-leaved forests at an altitude of up to 1800 meters in summer, and also appears in small forests in open areas such as orchards, courtyards, farmland and village edges in winter. Resident birds. They often move alone or in pairs, sometimes in small groups. He likes to move and feed on trees at the edge of the forest and in the sparse forest, as well as between the flowers and leaves, and also climbs among the branches of the bushes, sometimes clutching the branches tightly, quickly sticking his mouth into one flower like a bee, and then reaching out to another flower, sometimes soaring in front of the flower, or flying away and flying back quickly, and can also peck at insects under the leaf surface. Sexually active, extremely dexterous and agile. Yellow-waisted sunbirds are fond of nectar, and because they are often active in flowers, they play a role in pollinating flowers.
The breeding season is from April to July. Nests are found on trees or shrubs in evergreen broad-leaved forests. The nest is pear-shaped and hangs over thin side branches, especially those that extend over water sources such as rivers. It is composed of fine whisker roots, moss, grass stems, kapok wool and caterpillar excrement. 2-3 eggs are laid per clutch. The eggs are milky white, white or grey , covered with purple-brown spots , especially at the blunt end , often forming a circle or cap at the blunt end , and a few with reddish-brown spots.