In the fourth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1097), Hu An Guo keju ranked third in the jinshi, conferred the doctorate of Taixue, promoted the Hunan academic affairs, and entered the career path. In the two dynasties of Huizong and Qinzong, Hu Anguo also had many promotions, but they were all resigned by him. This is not a person who is keen on officialdom. "Song Shi Juan Guo Biography" in: Zhenghe 2nd year, Ding Nei difficult, moved to Jiangdong. The Father did not die, but said to the disciples: "I used to be a relative, but now although I have Lu Wanzhong, what will I do?" "So he said that he was sick. In the first year of Jing Kang, except for Taichang Shaoqing, resigned; except for Qi Julang, he resigned. The purpose of the dynasty has been repeatedly interesting, to the beijing master, to the sick in the accusation.
At the turn of the two Song Dynasties, the Jin army invaded the south, the Central Plains fell, the People of Li were devastated, and social unrest was unbearable. At that time, Hu Anguo and his family lived in Jingmen, Hubei Province, and the area around Jingmen was also in chaos, and Hu Anguo was ready to move. Dawn, a disciple of Xiangtan Shebu who was known for his filial piety and faithfulness, learned of this and quickly and warmly invited his mentor to settle in Xiangtan Biquan and greet him personally. The "Xiangtan County Chronicle" compiled by Wang Minyun during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty says: "Dawn, the character Caiweng, known for filial piety and xinyi, taught Hu Anguo. The rebellion of Jianyan, an guo avoided the jingmen. The Ming Dynasty abolished the room, the instrument coins, the Ying'an Kingdom, and the Xiangzhi of Henglu Lake all started from here. "Huxiang culture originated in Xiangtan, and Mr. Liming has made great contributions!
In the second year of Shaoxing of the Southern Song Dynasty (1132), Hu Anguo began to settle in Xiangtan Biquan.
Biquan, located in Biquan Village, Jinshi Township, Xiangtan County, 40 kilometers away from Xiangtan City, is named after Biquan Lake. When I drove here, I saw that the water of the pool was crystal clear, the tiny bubbles that bubbled up from the bottom of the pool kept drilling into the water, and the green water grass gently swayed in the pool, full of life. The green spring, emerald green and clear, the algae and the grass are intertwined, and it is indeed worthy of the name. The spring water is naturally weakly alkaline, rich in a variety of minerals beneficial to the human body, and some villagers are taking water from the pool to drink. The spring overflows and the water flows into a stream. At May Day, the stream was still a little cold, but there were already children swimming and playing in the stream, and when the son saw this scene, he quickly took off his shoes and socks, pulled up his pants, and played in the stream.
More than 800 years ago, Hu Anguo was at this pond, together with his son Hu Hong, who opened the house and founded the Biquan Library. Later, Master Hu Hong inherited his father's learning, built and expanded the school, taught and apprenticed, and renamed the study hall "Biquan Academy". Among the rolling peaks of the Hidden Mountains, this place must have been remote and sparsely populated, and a generation of Great Confucians just retired to the rivers and lakes and concentrated on studying. Here, Hu Anguo immersed himself in the study of "Spring and Autumn" and wrote "Spring and Autumn Biography". This work of Confucianism, Interpretation, and Taoism puts forward the essence of Huxiang culture with the main purpose of "seeking truth from facts, applying to the world, being holy and external kings, and cultivating oneself", and became famous for a while.
"The mountain is not high, there are immortals, the water is not deep, and there are dragons and spirits", although it is a little remote, but there is Hongru living in seclusion, which has attracted the disciples to visit. Hu Anguo, Hu Hong, father and son have worked hard here for 31 years, and there are many students. Hu An guo passed on Hu Hong and his disciples, Hu Hong passed on Zhang Yu, Biao Juzheng, etc., and Tao Li manmen. After Zhang Yu, Biao Juzheng and others completed their studies, they also passed on the hushi to learn in Yuelu Academy, and the Huxiang School, which originated from Biquan Academy, carried forward and flourished in Yuelu Academy, and became a very important cultural school.
Hunan talents are born, thanks to the nourishment of Huxiang culture that has been used for generations. It is precisely this kind of cultural influence, the Ming and Qing dynasties, especially in modern times, Wang Fuzhi, Wei Yuan, Wang Minyun, Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang, Yang Du, Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai, Qi Baishi, etc., the stars shine, "only Chu has talent, Yu Si is prosperous."
It is worth mentioning that Zuo Zongtang, who entered the Zhou family in Xiangtan, lived for 13 years on this land of Biquan Academy, and Zuo Zongtang, who "had no half an acre and was worried about the world; read ten thousand volumes, and God handed over to the ancients", studied geography, agriculture, water conservancy, field endowment, salt administration, etc. here, laying a solid foundation for later meritorious service. Marshal Peng Dehuai, the first minister of national defense of New China, and Zhou Xiaozhou, chairman Mao's secretary and former first secretary of the Hunan Provincial CPC Committee, were all talented people who went out from here.
As the Huxiang students moved north to The Yuelu Academy in Changsha, which became increasingly prosperous and became the base camp of the Huxiang School, biquan academy gradually became snubbed. Although it has been restored many times, it was finally demolished in the 1980s and became a residential homestead.
Not far from Biquan Lake, by Biquan Creek, there is a sign for the ruins of Biquan Academy. The birthplace of Huxiang culture is lonely to this point, which is somewhat regrettable. It is gratifying that in july 2018, Xiangtan University rebuilt Biquan College on the basis of the original Department of Philosophy and the Department of History to continue this thousand-year context.
In the sunset, looking at this spring that has been rushing for thousands of years, I feel a thousand emotions and are still unfinished.