Education has always been the hot spot that Shenzhen parents and even the whole city are most concerned about. Nowadays, as soon as there is news about Education in Shenzhen, Shenzhen parents will be in a hurry, and even tear their hearts and lungs apart in the end.
Because in Shenzhen, where educational resources are scarce, the slogan of the 1970s and 1980s, "No matter how bitter you are, you can't be poor in education", is not only not outdated, but more suitable.
The lack of educational resources in Shenzhen refers not only to the existence of a gap in degrees, or the embarrassment of building a school without land, but also to the scarcity of high-quality teachers and the concept of education management that is no longer advanced. This lack of soft power is not one-sided, but even all-encompassing.
As the saying goes, "A good principal is a good school." The principal is the spokesperson of a school's educational philosophy and the key to the "counterattack" of many ordinary schools. At the moment of chasing the "supplementary quantity" of the degree, the importance of the Principal of Shenzhen is even more self-evident. It is no wonder that many schools in Shenzhen have been attracting principal talents with the treatment of "million annual salary" in recent years.
If you look back at the history of Shenzhen, you will find that the principals of Shenzhen have always played an important role in the development of education in Shenzhen. In addition, if you look back at the experience of well-known principals of major universities and primary and secondary schools in Shenzhen, you will also find that Shenzhen principals have always been an "outlier" group.
01
When it comes to the development of Shenzhen, it is inseparable from a key word "reform". In fact, the success of many schools in Shenzhen can be attributed to the reform spirit of the principal.
The most famous example is Shenzhen University.
The series of reform measures of Zhang Bigong, the former president of Shenzhen University, are particularly memorable. His reforms focused on the "students."
▲Zhang Bigong
At that time, Zhang Bigong saw many problems in university education. For example, the question about assessing students.
"A person who is obese can't run 1,000 meters in a few seconds, so why don't he graduate?" "Graduation certificate and degree certificate are originally two certificates in one abroad, since it is a kind of ability to examine and meet the standard, why is it difficult for students to find a job because they do not have a degree certificate?" ......
To this end, Zhang Bigong has launched a large number of "new attempts at mass education". For example, Shenzhen university students do not need to meet the physical education standards, as long as they participate in a sports club, they will pass; those who fail the subject do not need to make up the examination, but they must retake it, because the policy stipulates that the 3 subjects will not be able to get a degree certificate; there is no "University Language", but the liberal arts students must read the "Outline of the History of Science", and the science students must read the "General Theory of Literature, History and Philosophy"...
In addition, Zhang Bigong also believes that the current university teachers have always been "on top" and "disconnected" from students. He sighed: "Today's college teachers and students are more distant, and the teachers leave after class with their bags. ”
After seeing this phenomenon, Zhang Bigong specially opened a "principal's mailbox" to talk directly with students. Whenever a student has any questions, you can email them.
Unexpectedly, when the "principal's mailbox" was opened, zhang Bigong received an email content far beyond the problems of school management. For example, some students ask if they should have a cat, some students ask what to do if their relationship fails, and some students send emails to discuss the issue of sex reassignment surgery...
Of course, once the student's email is received, Zhang Bigong will definitely respond seriously. Through the "Principal's Mailbox", Zhang Bigong cultivated a large number of "fans".
In 2007, a news story about Zhang Bigong also shocked the national education community.
At that time, a shenzhen university student wrote a letter to Zhang Bigong and complained to him: there was a bank recruitment, stipulating that the applicants must come from the "211 Project" university, and as a result, he did not even have the qualifications to apply.
Zhang Bigong replied to the letter and comforted: The quality of bank recruiters is low, and they don't have to care. The next day he asked the school's finance office to withdraw all the school's deposits in the bank, and if they did not change, he called on the parents of more than 20,000 students to bring up all the money stored in the bank. As a result, the bank involved quickly revised the job posting.
As soon as this news came out, it immediately caused a wild spread on the Internet, and Zhang Bigong was also called "the most cattle principal" by netizens.
In fact, Shenzhen University has always been known for its liberal and equal academic style. It is not surprising that such a "most cattle" principal has appeared in Shenzhen University.
In addition to Shenzhen University, another school in Shenzhen, the Shenzhen Vocational College is also full of revolution.
In 1992, Shenzhen proposed to set up a school to cultivate a large number of high-quality technology application talents. Later, the predecessor of the Shenzhen Vocational Institute, "Shenzhen Higher Vocational and Technical College", was established in 1993.
The first principal of the Shenzhen Vocational College was Yu Zhongwen. As the deputy secretary of the party committee of Shenzhen University, he understood that although he was also a Shenzhen university, if the Shenzhen Vocational Institute wanted to succeed, it must embark on a different path from Shenzhen University.
▲ Yu Zhongwen
At the beginning of the establishment of the school, Yu Zhongwen confirmed the positioning of the Shenzhen Vocational College: to cultivate "gray collar" talents who are good at transforming engineering drawings into physical objects.
From the positioning of the school he established, people can clearly see a "pragmatic" spirit that is different from traditional college education. This "pragmatic" spirit reflects the idea of starting from the actual needs of students.
Yu Zhongwen believes that students who go out of the Shenzhen Vocational College must be practical talents with both strong professional ability and strong hands-on ability. At the beginning of the establishment of the school, in order to cultivate students' hands-on practical ability, in the most difficult time of funds, the Shenzhen Vocational Institute also spent 80,000 yuan "huge money" to purchase computer design software, so that students master the skills of computer design and drawing; later, after the gradual development and growth, the Shenzhen Vocational Institute also invested more than 400 million yuan to establish its own industrial training center.
It is precisely because Yu Chinese the accurate positioning of "pragmatism", even as a "latecomer" of vocational education, the Shenzhen Vocational Institute model has blossomed all over the country.
With the efforts of the former principal of Shenzhen, education in Shenzhen once became a model for the whole country.
02
Of course, not all the education reforms that have taken place in Shenzhen have been smooth sailing. Many principals have also encountered significant resistance to reform.
Also as the forefront of education reform, compared with Shenzhen University, the reform road of SUSTech, another university in Shenzhen, is not so smooth.
The first president of SUSTech was Zhu Qingshi, former president of SUSTech. At the beginning of Zhu Qingshi's tenure in 2009, he put forward the slogan of "independent enrollment, self-teaching degrees, and de-administrativeization".
▲ Zhu Qingshi
In the eyes of some, Zhu Qingshi's slogan is a bit too idealistic.
For example, regarding independent enrollment, Zhu Qingshi proposed the 631 enrollment model. That is, according to the combination of "60% college entrance examination score + 30% SUSTech school examination score + 10% high school academic performance". This practice is tantamount to blatantly challenging the college entrance examination system.
In addition, the model of self-taught degrees will also make SUSTech unable to find a place in people's cognitive concepts. Although SUSTech is a university that focuses on scientific research, many parents are worried that if their children do not engage in scientific research after they go to SUSTech, will they not be recognized by the recruitment unit in the future?
Finally, in 2014, Zhu Qingshi, who was under heavy pressure, left SUSTech. Some people think that his reform failed, because from the beginning of the establishment of SUSTech in 2012, Zhu Qingshi abandoned his standard of "independent enrollment, self-teaching degrees, and de-administrativeization". Losing the independence and autonomy of running a school, Zhu Qingshi's dream of reform was naturally "a dream of Nanke".
However, in fact, Zhu Qingshi's reforms still left an impact. For example, the 631 enrollment model does not only exist in SUSTech, but now more and more universities have begun to adopt this model of enrollment. In the future, SUSTech will still be a "test field" for shenzhen's university reform.
In addition to universities, when it comes to the most controversial middle school principal, it is probably Wang Zheng, the former principal of Shenzhen Middle School.
Before Wang Zheng became the president of Shenzhen High School in 2002, he was the vice president of Peking University High School. The principal's philosophy is unique. He believes that students are not managed out – only the students themselves know themselves best, so they should be allowed to choose what they do in school.
In the deep middle school, Wang Zheng implemented the curriculum reform plan, using the tutor system and the shift system to enrich the students' extracurricular activities. At that time, some people said that the deep middle was simply "sheep herding management".
▲Wang Zheng
Wang Zheng once said: "Taking the exam is just to pursue a result, and it doesn't take three years to do all this thing." When you do it, you don't have to be ashamed to answer, the third year of high school is to take the test, don't dare to admit it. High school one, high school two do not dare to let go, high school, high school, high school is not for the college entrance examination, why study the college entrance examination all day long, what interest students have can not let him play it. ”
He also had a remark about middle school students falling in love. He said: "Students talk about love is in love, learning is learning, I think there is no impact if this is well grasped." Is it like eating has an effect on sleep? ”
He also believes that falling in love may also be beneficial to students: "Now students are actually in love with a kind of help for the love experience, a very valuable life experience, but also part of the growth of students, teaching students how to know others, understand others." 」 ”
Wang Zheng's educational philosophy was "sensational" in the eyes of many parents at that time. At the beginning of the curriculum reform, due to the decline in the scores of the deep middle school candidates, Wang Zheng was also "besieged" by his parents. Some parents said, "I'd rather send my child to a strictly managed Shenzhen Senior High School than let my child be destroyed in the hands of Wang Zheng in Shenzhong." ”
However, it turns out that the wind of freedom in the depths did not hinder students' exam preparation. After a period of time, the results of candidates in Shenzhen Middle School no longer declined, but repeatedly became the "leading boss" of Shenzhen's further education. This shows that children do not only get good test scores under high-pressure education.
Under Wang Zheng's rule, shenzhong, which advocated a free study style, was created into a "golden signboard". More and more Shenzhen students are studying hard in order to realize the dream of entering the deep middle school.
In 2010, Wang Zheng left Shenzhen High School and returned to Peking University Affiliated High School to become the principal. Since then, it is difficult to see an open-minded Shenzhen principal like Wang Zheng again.
03
Compared with Shenzhen Middle School, which was founded in 1947, the emergence of another school in Shenzhen is also of landmark significance. It can be said that this school is a microcosm of the development of education in Shenzhen. She is the Shenzhen Experimental School.
Of course, Shenzhen Experimental School is not a school, but a general term for a series of schools from kindergarten to high school.
In 1984, the 41-year-old Jin Shiru resigned from the prestigious school in Shanghai and went south to Shenzhen to participate in the establishment of the Shenzhen Experimental School.
▲ Gold style such as
From the very beginning of the school, Jin Shiru has always emphasized the importance of quality education and believed that students should develop in an all-round way.
There are many examples of his emphasis on the quality education of students.
As early as 1985, Kim, who recognized the importance of astronomical activities to students' science education, had the school purchase a Japanese-made 110 Newton telescope to allow students to observe Halley's Comet under the condition of very difficult funding.
In 1991, in order to cultivate students' personality and imagination, Jin Shiru established the pottery class as an independent subject.
In addition, the experimental school has long been organizing various social practice activities. For example, the school would organize high school sophomores to go to Jinggangshan to eat and live with the peasants and learn about the history of the revolution.
Speaking of quality education, Jin Shiru said that quality education must first reflect "people-oriented" and respect students, especially respect for students' differences.
"Our education often treats students as a container of knowledge, as a machine that can do problems, as a product that can be designed; we regard education as a precision-guided missile, and we can train students to be what they want. This does not take into account that the student is a living person and respects him as a living person. ”
At that time, since the end of the 1990s in Shenzhen, there has been an "education frenzy" in society. Many schools advocate the "Qingbei Dream" and believe that being admitted to Peking University Tsinghua university is a supreme honor. Therefore, in order to ensure further education, various Olympic number classes and special classes are also very popular, and if any parent does not sign up for the training class, he will be treated as a freak.
For this phenomenon, Jin Shiru once said that it reflects the impetuosity of society. The quick success brought about by this impetuousness will only lead parents to become blind.
Jin Shiru is very far-sighted. Because, today's schools are eager to make quick gains and parents' blindness has intensified.
However, in the late stages of Jin Shiru's experimental school principal's career, the development of the experimental school had run counter to his original philosophy. This was probably something he couldn't have anticipated or wanted to see.
At the earliest, there was no phenomenon of "degree housing fever" in Shenzhen, but around the beginning of zero, experimental schools have begun to run "private classes".
At that time, the annual tuition fee of the "private class" was more than 20,000 yuan, and the income of ordinary workers was only a few thousand yuan a month. However, after the news that the experimental school wanted to run a "private class", the "private class" was fanatically sought after.
Many parents say that when they let their children read "private classes", they are looking at the brand of "experimental school" and think that their children can become "quality" when they enter the experimental school. In other words, the quality education concept of the experimental school is also sold as a commodity.
In 2003, Shenzhen Experimental Education Group was established. What people did not expect was that this move during Jin Shiru's tenure would actually have a huge impact on shenzhen's education community. After the experimental school, major schools have set up "groups" to merge and merge other schools, which has the feeling of "land is king".
Perhaps, the original intention of the school's collectivization is to integrate educational resources and maximize the power of education. However, in Shenzhen, the "branding" of education led by school collectivization has become an irreversible trend.
Nowadays, as long as a famous school is hung, parents will often flock to it, no longer caring what educational philosophy the school has and whether it is suitable for their children.
Throwing money has become a "traditional skill" for Shenzhen parents.
In the past, the idea of "one test for life" was popular in parent circles; now, it has evolved into "one suite can be set for life"...
04
In Shenzhen, once a "out-of-line" principal appears, it will inevitably cause a bloody struggle between the principal and the parents.
Perhaps, this is because parents are too anxious, and their anxiety often makes them blind.
They have been battling a kind of self-contradiction. They don't trust any principal and want the principal of the school where their children attend to be able to follow the rules and do nothing; however, they also hope that under the leadership of the principal, their children can improve their grades and soar...
In fact, it is strange that parents in Shenzhen have such anxiety. Because every principal's educational philosophy is different. In any case, principals, as professional educators, will surely understand what the needs of students are better than parents.
For example, those "out of line" Shenzhen principals have one thing in common, that is, they will focus on the "self" of students.
As the French educator Rousseau once said, education is not to make children become "perfect" old and good people, but to enable children to be independent people.
Many Shenzhen principals see the problem and know that students need to have "egos." In fact, the so-called quality education is actually a problem of "self", only by understanding that people have "self", people can understand their own needs and strive towards their own goals.
Once upon a time, Shenzhen's "famous schools" were built by "out-of-line" principals. At that time, they adhered to the "people-oriented" educational concept and cultivated students with independent selves.
It is precisely because of these famous schools, these "out-of-line" principals, and many independent Shenzhen students that there is a different Shenzhen today.
Resources:
Xinhua Net" "Shenzhen University Principal Zhang Bigong: Education Reform Is Not a Principal Fighting Alone"
JingBao "Yu Zhongwen: Shenzhen Vocational Institute started from scratch for 15 years to become the "flagship of vocational education""
"SUSTech Reform: An Experiment Without Losers"
Teacher Tang said that "China's "most controversial" principal, single-handedly created two famous middle schools, but was jointly boycotted by parents! 》
Southern Metropolis Daily "The first principal of Shenzhen Experimental School, Jin Shi, died in the morning, and founded the school in a 6-square-meter room at the age of 41"
China Teachers Daily "Quality Education is "People-Oriented""
Producer: Shenzhen Ke Editorial Department
Lead Writer: Zhang Yu
Editor: Zhang Yu