On June 18, 1928, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Moscow, Soviet Union, and on top of this meeting, there were 142 delegates from all over the country, who together represented more than 40,000 party members in the country.
Among the delegates attending the six congresses, there were three delegates from Jiangxi Province, namely Zeng Wenfu, Wang Fengfei and Zhang Shixi.
Among them, Zhang Shixi's rank is the highest, and he once served as the secretary of the provincial party committee of Jiangxi Province.
Zhang Shixi, also known as Zhang Shaoxi, was born in 1894 and is a native of Zhongtang Village, Wan'an County, Jiangxi Province.
Zhang Shixi's family is average, and in his early years, he studied at Nanchang No. 2 Middle School and Shangrao Jia Engineering School, and taught in Wan'an County. In 1919, the May Fourth Movement broke out, and Zhang Shixi, who was only 25 years old, was deeply affected, so he threw himself into the student patriotic movement of Hong Honglielie and became a leading figure in the Jiangxi Student Federation.
Zhang Shixi was ideologically active and progressive, and during the leadership of the student movement in Wan'an County, he founded the magazine "Youth" and sold progressive books, because of his dedication to the cause of communism, in 1926, he joined the Communist Party of China and began to walk the road of revolution.
In order to strengthen the grass-roots organization of the local party in Wan'an, Zhang Shixi followed the instructions of the district party committee and served as the secretary of the wan'an county branch secretary, who used his special status to organize the masses of workers and peasants in Wan'an and counterattacked the Jiangxi warlord Deng Ruzhuo in a planned way, and achieved great results. In January 1927, the Northern Expeditionary Army advanced into Wan'an, Zhang Shixi followed the organizational instructions, and then formed the Peasants' Self-Defense Army, at that time, the Kuomintang right wing led by Zhu Peide was afraid of the growth of the peasant army, so they constantly sent spies to brutalize the cadres of our peasant army.
Zhang Shixi made important contributions to the expansion of our party organization in Wan'an County, especially during the Period of the Great Revolution, which played a key role. In September 1927, the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decision on holding an armed uprising, and Zhang Shixi, as the secretary of the county party committee of Wan'an And our party, participated in the formulation of the Wan'an Autumn Harvest Rebellion Plan.
There were three peasant uprisings in Wan'an led by Zhang Shixi, the first of which broke out in November 1927. In November 1927, Zhang Shixi took advantage of the jiangxi warlord Zhu Peide's southward march to gather the wan'an workers and peasants to the henglu village of The East Road of the county, and at this mobilization meeting, Zhang Shixi and Zeng Tianyu successively took the stage to speak, and he called on the workers and peasants in the county to take action and overthrow the local tycoons and inferior gentry. After taking the oath, Zhang Shixi suddenly struck out the scythe and axe flag and announced the formal establishment of the Wan'an County Soviet Government.
The establishment of the Wan'an County Soviet Government greatly boosted the morale of the workers' and peasants' armed forces in other counties in Ji'an, and under the leadership of Zhang Shixi and others, a larger peasant uprising broke out in Ji'an, Jiangxi Province.
On November 16, 1927, the Kuomintang Jiangxi provincial authorities sent Li Sixhuo, director of the Nanchang City Public Security Bureau, to Ganzhou to absorb Lai Shihuan (formerly the head of the Gan army) of the Fourteenth Army, Li Sixhuo was a close associate of Zhu Peide, who had never dealt with our army, and in order to prevent Li Sixhuo from going south, Zhang Shixi decided to intercept Li Sixhuo's car in Wan'an.
On November 17, Li Sixhuo and his party took the "America" steamship upstream, and when they reached the town of Baijia in Wan'an County, Zhang Shixi suddenly led hundreds of people to intercept them. However, after our army released him, Li Sixhuo betrayed his faith and began to plan an attack on the peasant army.
Li Sixhuo's rebellion made our peasant army brothers extremely angry, and in order to capture Li Sixhuo alive, on November 20, 1927, Zhang Shixi planned a campaign to attack the county town of Wan'an.
The campaign against Wan'an County was carried out under the unified leadership of the Wan'an County Party Committee, and as one of the leaders of the uprising, Zhang Shixi undertook the battle against Dongmen. At dawn on November 20, under the leadership of Zhang Shixi, tens of thousands of peasant troops began to attack the gates of Wan'an County, because of sufficient preparations, the rebel army of our peasant army once suppressed the recalcitrant army into the city and killed more than a hundred enemy troops, however, with the arrival of enemy reinforcements, coupled with the lack of effective siege weapons in our army, the peasant brothers who broke into the city soon fell into decline, in order to preserve the revolutionary fire, on November 21, Zhang Shixi ordered the peasant army to withdraw from Wan'an.
The heroic act of the Wan'an Peasant Army in attacking the county seat of Wan'an aroused the vigilance of the Kuomintang authorities in Jiangxi Province, and in December 1927, Li Sixhuo mobilized thousands of enemy troops to launch a new round of "encirclement and suppression" in our Wan'an rural base area.
Faced with the aggressive posture of the enemy army, Zhang Shixi decided to attack Wan'an County again, so on December 31, Zhang Shixi, Wang Weixian, Zeng Tianyu and others led 8,000 peasant troops to engage in a firefight with the defending enemy, because of the disparity in firepower between the enemy and us, the attack on Wan'an County was again unsuccessful.
The two consecutive attacks on Wan'an County failed, which also had a certain impact on the morale of our peasant army brothers, but at this critical moment, Zhang Shixi got in touch with Chairman Mao.
Originally, when Zhang Shixi commanded the peasant army to attack the county seat, Chairman Mao, who was far away in Jinggangshan, led the Red Fourth Army to capture Suichuan County. Chairman Mao and Zhu Laozong attached great importance to the local workers' and peasants' armed forces in Ji'an, and in order to help Zhang Shixi expand his base area, Chairman Mao specially sent He Changgong and others to contact Zhang Shixi, so on January 9, 1928, with the support of the Red Fourth Army at Jinggangshan, our Wan'an Peasant Army finally captured the county seat of Wan'an.
After the victory of the Wan'an Rebellion, Zhang Shixi's prestige in the Jiangxi Peasant Army increased unprecedentedly, and in June 1928, according to the instructions of the Central Committee, Zhang Shixi was ordered to go to Moscow to attend the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
Zhang Shixi made outstanding contributions to promoting the development of the revolutionary situation in Jiangxi, especially during the Wan'an Uprising. After the end of the Sixth National Congress, Zhang Shixi returned from Moscow and was elected secretary of the Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, at that time, the revolutionary base area in northeast Jiangxi had begun to take shape, and as the supreme leader of the special committee of northeast Jiangxi and the jiangxi provincial party committee, Zhang Shixi also became the superior of martyr Fang Zhimin.
The martyrs Zhang Shixi and Fang Zhimin met in 1928. When Zhang Shixi led the Wan'an Uprising, Fang Zhimin also participated in leading the Yiheng Uprising in Jiangxi, and although there were geographical differences between the two of them, they were also friends for a long time. After the establishment of the revolutionary base area in northeast Jiangxi, Zhang Shixi specially sent cadres of the provincial party committee to Xinjiang to preside over the work, so Zhang Shixi became the de facto leader of the Soviet district in northeast Jiangxi.
On December 12, 1929, the Gandong Northeast Special Branch stationed in Jingdezhen was destroyed by the enemy, and Zhang Shixi was unfortunately arrested. In order to persuade Zhang Shixi to surrender, the Kuomintang authorities in Jiangxi Province sent a renegade agent, Zhang Jinzhi, to lure Zhang Shixi to surrender. In the face of the enemy's surrender, Zhang Shixi was awe-struck and angrily rebuked the traitors. In December 1929, chiang kai-shek ordered Zhang Shixi to be killed at the age of 35 due to repeated failures in "surrender".
When Zhang Shixi was arrested, his brother Zhang Shizhan had already been killed in Ganzhou. Zhang Shizhan served as the secretary of the Ji'an Regiment branch of our party, he was the youngest secretary of the Ganzhou prefectural party committee of our party, and in July 1927, Zhang Shizhan was unfortunately arrested and killed in Ganzhou at the age of 23. Zhang Shixi's family has sacrificed their precious lives for the revolution, and they are always worthy of the people's memory.