Lü Buwei (292 BC – 235 BC), surnamed Jiang (江氏), lü (Lü), courtesy name Buwei, was a native of Puyang (present-day Huaxian County, Anyang, Henan), and the 23rd grandson of Jiang Ziya. Lü Buwei once presided over the compilation of the book "Lü Shi Chunqiu" (also known as "Lü Lan"), which brought together the teachings of the various schools of the pre-Qin Dynasty, "Ju Confucian Ink, Combined Name Law", which the history called "Miscellaneous Family", and the whole book was divided into eight books, six treatises, and twelve centuries totaling more than 200,000 words. It is said that after the compilation of the book "Lü's Spring and Autumn" was completed, Lü Buwei hung it at the door of the country, solicited opinions from all sides, and claimed that who could increase and change a word of rewards and thousands of gold, so there was a saying of "a thousand words and a thousand gold", which shows that lü Buwei in history still had two "brushes".
Then, how could Lü Buwei, who is so clever and superior, make the mistake of "lifting a stone and dropping it on his own feet"? At the highlight moment of his life, he was exiled by the Qin King, and finally ended up being forced to helplessly "drink and commit suicide", forming a huge contrast between before and after? Let us follow Lü Buwei's life and historical trajectory to explore the causes and consequences.
In fact, Lü Buwei was a famous businessman, politician, and thinker in the last years of the Warring States period, and an official to the Qin State. Lü Buwei once invested in politics after a successful businessman "gorgeous turned" and obtained great success in politics or his own life, thus stepping onto the stage of politics and history, it can be said that in the history of ancient and modern China and foreign countries, if not unique, it is extremely rare. However, Lü Buwei's life is quite legendary and "dangerous" color, he once had unlimited scenery in the business (industry) government (governance), from a successful businessman step by step to the position of the Qin State xiangguo, and then in the so-called Qin Shi Huang "Zhong father", the highlight moment of the overall administration of the government suddenly fell, and finally won a tragic ending of "drinking and killing himself", self-written and directed and "passionately" staged a tragic historical drama of lifting a stone and dropping his own feet, which really made people feel lamented!
First, the political investment was successful, and Lü Buwei achieved a "magnificent turn" from a successful businessman to a State of Qin.
In 251 BC, Lü Buwei, who had achieved great commercial success and did not know how much he had earned the first bucket of gold in his life, a heart that "no longer had his duty", began to beat wildly in his "narrow" chest, and at the same time, a bold and peculiar idea slowly brewed and matured in his brain, which was already smarter and more active than many people, so that he was unwilling to spend all his time and energy on the business field, and was only satisfied with the great success of business. He made an adventurous "secondary" design of his life, and he wanted to turn around and invest in politics, so that his life would start and bloom again in the official arena.
Lü Buwei, Lü Da businessman's move even today, is still a bold and creative design, although the investment politics with a very great risk, do not get it right, or even a little careless will be abandoned, all their efforts can only be exchanged for the "bamboo basket to hit the water empty" ending. However, Lü Buwei has built himself into an arrow on the string without hesitation, and he wants to use his business acumen to create a political software for himself, and win real glory and the chips of Guangzong Yaozu for his life.
Therefore, Lü Buwei, who had a very high ability to "discern pearls with discernment", after careful consideration and some deduction, chose Yiren Zichu, the prince of the Qin State who was being held hostage in the Zhao Kingdom at that time, as his political investor, took advantage of his convenience in doing business in the Zhao Kingdom to support him, and then approached and persuaded Lady Huayang, who was very favored by An Guojun (the father of the yiren), to recognize the yiren concubine Chu as his son and make him a crown prince by bribing the younger brother and sister of Lady Huayang. He also helped the yiren concubine Chu to return to the Qin kingdom, and after the death of King Xiaowen of Qin (i.e., An Guojun), who had inherited the throne for one year, he successfully succeeded to the throne, that is, King Xiang of Qinzhuang.
After King Xiang of Qinzhuang succeeded to the throne, he did not forget that Lü Buwei had helped and supported himself and other important merits, in 249 BC he was given the title of Xiangguo by Lü Buwei, Fengwen Xinhou, and 100,000 households in Luoyang, Henan Province, at that time there were 3,000 diners under the door alone, and there were as many as 10,000 servants, it can be said that Lü Buwei, who was an extremely popular subject, achieved great success in political investment with his unique "business acumen", if the political career of King Xiang of Qinzhuang was long enough, Lü Buwei could live in style and glory until the end of his life.
However, it was very unfortunate that King Xiang of Qin zhuang died after only three years of playing with the throne after several twists and turns, and the young crown prince Zheng succeeded to the throne, and Lü Buwei was honored as Xiangguo and honored him as "Zhongfu", because the Qin king Yingzheng was still young at that time, and the government was almost always controlled by Lü Buwei. At this time, as long as Lü Buwei could do his part in accordance with the principles and duties that a courtier should have, and at the right time, he could still retire from the whole body and raise his life while shining on the lintel.
The so-called one step wrong, step wrong step! Lü Buwei, who was wise at the highlight of his life, was confused, and he should never have gotten involved with Empress Dowager Zhao Ji again. Although it is now impossible to figure out whether Lü Buwei has no love for Zhao Ji's song and has taken the initiative to get his hands on it; or empress dowager Zhao Ji, who was widowed at a young age, cannot stand the loneliness of the harem and takes the initiative to seduce Lü Buwei, it is certain that Lü Buwei and Empress Dowager Zhao Ji have another historical piece, and the two often have adultery in the harem behind the back of Qin Wang's government.
Empress Dowager Zhao Ji was a person with extremely strong desires and difficulty in being satisfied, so that after playing with the stimulation for a period of time and getting a period of pleasure, Lü Buwei was exhausted by Empress Dowager Zhao Ji and tired of coping. Until one night, lü Buwei, who was preparing to go to bed and rest, received a summons from the empress dowager to "announce" that he would immediately enter the palace to discuss deliberations, and he knew that he was involuntarily trembling, and even had the heart to die. Lü Buwei understood the truth that "there is no impermeable wall in the world", and he knew even more that with the passage of time and the growth of Qin Wang Yingzheng, if one day this "wind" blows into the ears of Qin Wang Yingzheng, it will not only bring himself the disaster of killing himself, but also suffer the disaster of extinction.
However, Empress Dowager Zhao Ji, who has already played hi and is on her head, has become a happy person who does not have to think about life without a mind, she is like a top player who "has wine in this day and drunk in this dynasty", and what she needs is to let Lü Buwei be on call and serve herself at any time. At this moment, Lü Buwei, who had more than enough heart but lacked strength, knew that he would be uncomfortable when he went, and if he did not go, he would annoy Empress Zhao Ji, who was burning in the fire, and even died faster, and Lü Buwei, who was "difficult to go, and it was difficult not to go", had to pray for more blessings in his heart: "Zhao Ji, Zhao Ji, you will let Wei Chen go, leave me a way to live." ”
Second, set up a strange plot to use a strange trick, Lü Buwei qiao escaped and left the Empress Dowager Zhao Ji's desire center.
As mentioned earlier, with the passage of time and the qin king Yingzheng growing up day by day, he already had more than enough heart and insufficient strength Lü Buwei, felt that he could not keep up with the rhythm of Empress Dowager Zhao Ji's "play", he realized more and more deeply that if he continued to "play" with Empress Dowager Zhao Ji, one day he would either be "played" to death by Empress Dowager Zhao Ji, or things would be executed after "penetrating" to Qin Wang Yingzheng, which in any case was not the result of Lü Buwei's hope to "play", so he had to find a way to stop this dangerous game. Let yourself escape from the center of Empress Dowager Zhao Ji's desire.
However, this is by no means that Lü Buwei can stop if he wants to stop, he can not "play" if he wants to, he will die very quickly and miserably, and he does not know how to die, how is this good, is there any good way to get out?
Lü Buwei was momentarily caught in a dilemma, and the next day, when Lü Buwei dragged his tired body and summoned his confidants with sleepy eyes, he ordered bluntly: "You must quickly come up with a way to get rid of the empress dowager as soon as possible." The prime minister was too busy with official duties to be overwhelmed. ”
Everyone knew it, and the confidants pondered for a moment, and someone suggested: "It is better to find a man who can satisfy the empress dowager to replace Xiangguo, and from then on Xiangguo can sit back and relax." I heard that there was a person named Concubine Yi, who was very capable and would surely make the Empress Dowager happy. ”
Lü Buwei was invigorated when he heard this, and hurriedly recruited Concubine Yi into his own palace, and after on-site inspection, he found that he was indeed genuine and had extraordinary strength. Therefore, Lü Buwei deliberately made a big show for Yan Yi to perform his unique "wheel art" in front of the guests, so that the news reached Zhao Ji's ears as quickly as possible.
After Zhao Ji heard the news, she felt skeptical and curious at the same time, and decided to personally test the special function of Yan Yi. In order to let Yan Yi go to Zhao Ji's side "justifiably", at the behest of Lü Buwei, his subordinates accused Heri yi of guilt, inflicted false corruption on him, removed his beard, and sent Concubine Yi, who was disguised as a eunuch, into the harem. After Zhao Ji personally inspected the goods, she was very satisfied with Yan Yi's performance, and since then she has let lü Buwei go, and has lived a life of entertainment and short days with Yan Yi.
With his many years of understanding of Zhao Ji, Lü Buwei knew that she was bold and liked to do things by her own nature, but he did not expect that Zhao Ji would be bold enough to feel that it was inconvenient to live in the harem, and found an excuse to move to the old capital Yongcheng with Yan Yi, and finally gave birth to two illegitimate children with Yan Yi, and took risks for the sake of Concubine Yi, and wanted to put the Qin King's government to death.
Si Yu believed that if he had known that Zhao Ji would play with Yan Yi so much fire, and eventually developed to the point where he wanted to put the Qin King's government to death, Lü Buwei would rather be played to death by Zhao Ji himself than send Yan Yi to the harem by all means. However, everything is already gone, it is better to say that Lü Buwei is to provoke fire and burn himself, to say that Lü Buwei is to lift a stone and drop his own feet, everything has been irrevocable, and finally Lü Buwei, because he was implicated in the matter of Zhao Ji and Concubine Yi, was worried about being killed when the Qin King's government revived his family to move to Shu, and drank and committed suicide, ending his rather "legendary" life, perhaps this is Lü Buwei's time and fate.