In October 1952, the Korean Peninsula had already entered winter, with heavy snow and bitter winds, but China and the United States were still engaged in a brutal battle, and the outcome of this battle would determine who was the ultimate winner!
"Shangganling" is a place name that Chinese can never forget, because there is no battle that can better explain the heroic and tenacious spirit of the Chinese nation than the "Battle of Shangganling"!
In October 1949, when Chairman Mao solemnly announced to the world from the top of Tiananmen Square that the Chinese people had stood up, all the Countries in the West were blatantly laughing, and even the defeated Japan was unconvinced behind its back.
They are laughing at the new China, thinking that by what, you say that Chinese stand up is to stand up? The Western powers have become accustomed to looking at Chinese with the eyes of the Qing Dynasty, and they still think that China is a weak and deceitful country!
Therefore, after the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States dared to disregard China's strong opposition, openly manipulated the United Nations, and passed a resolution to send troops to intervene in Korea!
Upper Ganling
MacArthur dared to openly send planes to bomb Northeast China, causing casualties among our residents, and even more daring to openly threaten the Chinese government, and the US military would use atomic bombs to bomb China!
And all of the above scenes arise only because the great powers believe that New China is as weak as Chiang Kai-shek's Republic of China, or even the Qing Dynasty, and that the Chinese army will collapse as soon as it is scattered.
In the First Opium War, the British army had only 19,000 people, not even 20,000 people, and dared to oppose the 200,000 Qing army, along the territorial waters of China, all the way north, attacking Tianjin, and threatening the Qing Dynasty to sign the Treaty of Nanjing, which humiliated the country!
The Eight-Power Alliance invaded China, with a total strength of 18,000 troops, 150,000 Qing troops, and 500,000 Boxers, but the result was that in the first year of the new century, Beijing, as the capital of China and as a symbol of China, was actually captured by the great powers!
In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the total number of Japanese troops invading China was only more than two million troops, but In order to win the victory, China paid a tragic price of more than 30 million soldiers and civilians killed and wounded, but the Japanese government still believed that it was defeated by the Americans!
Therefore, if New China wants to prove that it has stood up and is no longer as weak as the Government of the Republic of China or even the Qing Dynasty, then it is bound to use a hearty victory to wake up the great powers!
In 1950, on the first anniversary of the founding of New China, the United States brazenly entered the war, and the Korean War escalated abruptly, from a dispute over national reunification to a war of regional hegemony.
Tunnel combat
The new Chinese government, under the wise leadership of the chairman, overcame all difficulties to form a Chinese volunteer army with Marshal Peng Dehuai as the commander-in-chief to participate in the war in Korea, and this time, the Chinese army will confront the most powerful American army in the world at that time!
As soon as the news of China's participation in the war was reported, the countries of the world were not optimistic, believing that this was tantamount to hitting a pebble and judging that China would be defeated, even if even the Soviet Union was not optimistic about the combat effectiveness of the Chinese army.
However, the volunteer army launched five battles, directly fighting the United Nations army back to the 38th line, and even re-captured the South Korean capital Seoul, during the Korean War, Seoul changed hands four times, as the capital of a country, which is unprecedented!
The strong fighting strength and unyielding spirit of the volunteer army greatly shocked the American army, and MacArthur later said, "Whoever wants to fight with the Chinese army on land must be sick!" ”
Faced with the unfavorable situation of loss of soldiers, the U.S. government was furious, and they were very dissatisfied with the progress of the front-line troops, so they forced MacArthur and his successor Ridgway to resign and replace Clark.
They hope to change the situation on the front line by replacing the generals on the front line, because they have expected that the United States will lose this war, but they are unwilling, so they want to make a final attempt!
As soon as Clark arrived at the Korean front, VanVleet, commander of the EIGHTH Group of the US Army, submitted a battle plan to Clark, and VanVleet was ready to use the powerful firepower of the US army to conquer the "Five Holy Mountains" position occupied by the volunteer army, and open up the situation with a point and a face.
Qiu Shaoyun
Clark was pinned high hopes by the U.S. government, so he immediately agreed to this battle plan, and Clark was not satisfied with VanVleet's "small fight", he wanted to counterattack on all fronts and completely destroy the volunteer positions!
However, VanVleet, who had already learned the strength of the volunteer army, immediately persuaded Clark to abandon this unrealistic idea, and told Clark that the volunteer army was now more dominant on the Korean battlefield, which was an indisputable fact!
In desperation, Clark abandoned his whimsical plan and continued to implement VanVleet's battle plan, which the U.S. military called "Showdown Plan" and the Volunteer Army called "Battle of Shangganling."
If the U.S. military wanted to successfully implement the "Showdown Plan", the first one was to capture the 597. 9 and 537.7; two highlands, covering an area of 3.7 square kilometers, where the Volunteers were each guarded by a company of troops.
In order to capture these two heights as soon as possible, VanVleet gathered 7 infantry battalions, 18 artillery battalions, 200 aircraft, more than 300 heavy artillery, and expected 200 casualties.
On October 12th, the U.S. army began to cover the pre-war artillery fire, and the roaring shells fell on the volunteer positions like raindrops, and the rumbling sound was endless, and many soldiers who dodged the artillery fire were shocked to death!
On the 14th, after two days of artillery cover, the American army launched an attack at 5 a.m., and VanVleet ordered more than 30 tanks to arrive as a mobile gun point to bombard the volunteers.
American
Subsequently, the infantry of two battalions of the 31st Regiment of the US 7th Division began to charge, and the volunteer soldiers braved the enemy's artillery fire to launch a fierce counterattack, and the volunteer soldiers used grenades to continuously throw and kill and wound the American troops.
For the US troops who attacked the position, the volunteer army immediately launched a white-knife battle, and suddenly the bayonets were red, and the soldiers of the Two Armies of China and the United States fought together, and as one figure after another fell, the US troops were afraid, and then turned around and ran, and the surface position was temporarily held.
Not content with defeat, VanVleet immediately reorganized his forces to prepare for the attack, this time not only transferring more than three hundred heavy artillery pieces, but also requiring aircraft to carry out dive bombing, more than 20 B-26 heavy bombers, and frantically pouring ammunition into the volunteer positions.
After that, the American infantry launched another charge, and with the strong support of artillery fire, the American army successfully occupied most of the surface positions, and the volunteers were forced to turn into tunnel operations, waiting for the opportunity to launch a counterattack.
Late at night, the volunteers who entered the tunnel, after making preparations, took advantage of the darkness to immediately rush to the position to fight with the US troops in close combat, and the US artillery fire was afraid of accidental injury, so they temporarily stopped bombing the position.
At dawn, all the superficial positions captured by the American army were recovered, and the CASUALTIES OF the US 31st Regiment exceeded 70%, because the US army stipulated that the troops could not be formed into casualties, in order to avoid the total annihilation of the 31st Regiment, VanVleet ordered that the 32nd Regiment should take over the operation.
After receiving the order, the 32nd Regiment immediately organized its forces and, under the cover of American artillery fire, once again captured the surface positions of the Volunteers, and the Volunteers were forced to turn into the tunnels again.
Volunteers
At this time, the volunteer soldiers who were blocked by the US military in the tunnel not only had to face the attack of the US military flame launcher, but also had to overcome various crises such as water shortages, food shortages, and diseases.
However, the volunteer army relied on its tenacious will to overcome all kinds of difficulties, repelled the US army's attacks again and again, and gave the US army a large number of casualties! VanVleet was forced to order the WITHDRAWAL OF THE US 7TH DIVISION AND THE SOUTH KOREAN 2ND DIVISION TO TAKE OVER THE MAIN ATTACK.
In the face of this order, which apparently regarded itself as cannon fodder, the South Korean 2nd Division was full of resentment, but even so, the South Korean 2nd Division was forced to the front.
Perhaps it is also in the East Asian cultural circle, the US military has no way to do anything about the tunnel, but the ROK army only blew up the tunnel that is more than 60 meters long in half a day!
The Korean army sealed the outlet of the tunnel, then released poisonous gas into it, and then placed a large amount of yellow explosives at the junction of the tunnel, and with the sound of an explosion, the tunnel was blown off.
After that, the ROK army rushed into the tunnel, but in front of it were soldiers carrying gas tear gas, and the ROK army wore gas masks and constantly fired gas tear gas into the tunnel, and many volunteer soldiers could not stand it, rushed out and were shot by the ROK army.
However, even if the battle situation was so bad, the volunteer army did not give up, they adopted the method of blocking in sections, blocking the attack layer by layer, consuming the strength and ammunition of the Rok army, and then launched a counterattack, annihilating the ROK army that attacked in one fell swoop.
Originally, the U.S. military only thought that this was a battalion-level battle, the kind that could be ended soon, but as the war progressed, the U.S. army continued to mobilize reinforcements, and the war gradually expanded to the division level until it attracted the attention of the entire United Nations army!
The volunteer army also expanded rapidly from the company level, the regiment level, the division level, up to the army level, according to the division of the volunteer army, the army level is collectively called the battle, and the army level is raised to the scale of the campaign, so this battle is called the "Battle of Shangganling"!
At this time, the negotiators of China, the United States and the DPRK have fallen into calm, because they are all waiting for the final outcome of this battle, and who can win this battle is the final victor of this war!
On the night of the 30th, the 45th and 29th Divisions of the 15th Army of the Volunteer Army, under the cover of more than 100 cannons, launched a counterattack against the American troops occupying the surface positions!
Ammunition quantity
After a night of fierce fighting, the main force of the US army was annihilated, the remnants of the enemy fled, and the volunteer army recovered all the surface positions in one fell swoop, and then the volunteer army launched a pursuit, chasing the US army all the way.
On November 25, the volunteers repelled the South Korean counterattack, successfully held two high grounds, and the volunteers won a complete victory in the Battle of Shangganling, in which the volunteers were more than 10,000 people, the United Nations suffered 25,000 casualties, and shot down 270 enemy aircraft!
After the Battle of Shangganling, the U.S. army no longer dared to launch a battalion-sized attack, the volunteer army completely grasped the trend of the Korean battlefield, the U.S. government had to agree to sign an armistice agreement, and the Korean War was declared over.