Editor's note: This year is 2020, exactly 160 years ago, when the British and French allied forces set fire to the Yuanmingyuan. In the 1980s, China filmed two films, "Burning the Yuanmingyuan" and "Hanging curtains to listen to the government", in order not to forget the national shame. Directed by the late Hong Kong director Li Hanxiang and starring Liu Xiaoqing and Leung Ka Fai, both films used the Forbidden City, the Ming Tombs and the Summer Resort in Beijing as live-action filming locations, and invited the late Forbidden City researcher Zhu Jiajin as an adviser. After the release of the film, Zhu Jiajin accepted some interviews, we selected the part related to the cultural relics of the armed equipment and accompanied by materials and cultural relics pictures summary as follows: (The original question and answer is wonderful, limited to the length of the author has made a substantial deletion, it is recommended that interested readers read the full text, and then watch the film. The article is Mr. Zhu Jiaxuan's reply to some questions in the film after the release of the film, from which you can learn a lot of knowledge, you can also see that shooting historical dramas, in order to achieve "real" and "accurate" effects, it is indeed not easy, to pay attention to all aspects. Although these two films have some problems, on the whole, they are indeed the best in Qing Palace dramas and historical dramas, and they are not comparable to those costume dramas at present.
The film begins with Tongzhi ascending the throne, with two large groups of cavalry running into the Taihe Gate, still riding on horseback in front of the Taihe Temple. In fact, director Li Hanxiang planned to appear in the picture of the Horse Riding inside the Taihe Gate, Zhu Jiahuan's answer was "no", and explained that the "battle horse" in the "Big Driving Halogen Book" was led by each lieutenant to lead a horse with a saddle, and in the team of the full "Halogen Book", it was only leading the horse and could not ride in. Unexpectedly, I was still riding a horse when shooting.?
Regarding the great funeral in "Hanging Curtains and Listening to the Government", the return of the Zi Palace to Beijing, and other situations, such as the huge rank of the Zi Palace, should be the same as the living emperor patrolling the province, with the full "big driver's book". The entourage before and after the Zi Palace was still the Minister of the Interior, who served as the front lead and the rear minister. The guards with leopard tail guns and the guards with bows and sabers are the same.
There is a close-up of the "whistle deer" in the movie, where a person puts his finger on the mouth and makes a whistle. This is a misunderstanding of the meaning of "whistle", thinking that it is blown with fingers and lips. In fact, the "whistle deer" is a kind of horn blown by people, the sound is very similar to the deer singing, you can lure the deer, and the deer will not blow after it comes. Real deer chirping can lure more deer. When Xianfeng went to Rehe that time, he did not hunt or enter the paddock. Editor's note: Forbidden City Deer Whistle: 79 cm long, wooden, gold lacquer carved dragon, inlaid with horns. When the deer whistle was used for the emperor's hunting, it blew out the sound of deer chirping to lure the deer, and it was shot close by. Such deer whistles and hunting methods were still used by the Orunchun people when they beat red deer, called "Ulian".
In the movie "Hanging Curtains and Listening to the Government", Xian Feng and Li Fei have a shot of riding a horse wearing armor. Since the emperor of the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, only the ceremonies such as the big parade, the sacrifice, and the suburban labor of the triumphant soldiers were worn as the nature of military gowns, and hunting was not worn as usual.??
Also, in the battle of Bali Bridge in the movie, the Qing army completely used swords, guns and bows and arrows, which was not in line with the situation at that time. Although bows and arrows were still retained at that time, soldiers had commonly used old muskets and cannons. In this battle scene, there are many officers and soldiers wearing armor, which is also incorrect, the armor is only the military dress of the Qing Dynasty military parade, which was not worn during the late Qing Dynasty, and there are many written records and pictures of the Qing Dynasty as evidence.
Editor's note: If you really got started with the honor guard armor of the late Qing Dynasty, you know that the lightness of its gold is beyond imagination, especially the ornaments on the girdle will break with a light break, and you must be very careful when wearing this when proofreading, really want to wear this on the battlefield, try to take care of yourself or take care of the fragile armor? Mr. Zhu's opinion as a film consultant, Director Li can listen or not, because that is the need of artistic creation, but who really wants to follow the film prop scene to learn history, it is like referring to imitations to make imitations, there is a right one!
When Mr. Zhu Jiajin participated in the compilation of the "Complete Collection of Cultural Relics and Treasures Collected by the Palace Museum" (60 volumes), he asked others to choose first, and accepted the last unrecognized "Qing Dynasty Wubei" and other sub-volumes. Unfortunately, in September 2003, Zhu Jiahuan died in Beijing on the 29th due to ineffective medical treatment, at the age of 90, so after the 2008 publication of "QingGong Wubei" was written, some mistakes were inevitable, and some mistakes were mistaken in the previous article "Weapon Spectrum| "Qinggong Wubei"! It is obviously a Japanese sword, which is described in the Forbidden City's Long Weapon Of Arms. It is really the title in this article, after Mr. Zhu's death, the Forbidden City researchers also interpreted the scenes in the movie "Hanging Curtains and Listening to the Government" as a historical interpretation, and wrote in the illustration description of "Qing Palace Wubei", the real situation in history, please refer to Mr. Zhu's answer, the shadow of this page of the book, (picture the Kangxi Emperor top armor, waist hanging sword and bow and arrow, sitting on the chair, from the point of view of clothing, it should be a realistic work of hunting. Hunting is a concrete embodiment of the Qing Dynasty's national policy of attaching importance to riding and shooting, and it is also an important measure to train the army, Kangxi in the early Qing Dynasty. Qianlong and other emperors attached great importance to armaments and martial arts, and every year they had to personally go to Nanyuan, Mulan Paddock and other places to hold hunting activities. It's really wrong.
Today's Forbidden City Armed Museum has long been moved from the relatively important Hongyi Pavilion to the Arrow Pavilion.??
The Forbidden City claims to have 10,000 pieces of weapons, and 52 fine cultural relics are only exhibited in the Martial Arts Hall: Knife (Dizi No. 15 Cold Blade) For details, please see the "Weapon Spectrum| Diagram says that the Qianlong Heaven, Earth, and People Imperial Waist Knife: Although there is a heavy inscription, it is good that it is not the aesthetic of the farmhouse"??
For details of the sword (Dizi No. 8 Fude Sword), please see "Weapon Spectrum| the ultimate of The Chinese sword of the Qing Dynasty, and there is still one missing one! Qianlong Heaven, Earth, and Man Imperial Sword List??
Various colors of the Eight Banners of Soldiers Ding School reading cotton armor, Qianlong Parade armor:
bow:
Arrows (from top to bottom are the Emperor's Sentry Arrow, the Emperor's Servant's Plum Needle Arrow, the Emperor's Beryllium Arrow, and the Emperor's Arrow):
Qianlong Imperial Shrew:
Six saddles, including the imperial saddles of the past: Shunzhi saddle (left, length 62 cm, height 34 cm) and Yongzheng saddle (right, length 58 cm, height 28 cm)
Two Qianlong jade handle whips:
There are also deer whistles (pictured above). Compared with the 2011 Louvre Museum in France, which is borrowed from the Forbidden City in Beijing, it is much more generous, and the dense arrangement of one wall is more than half of the armed museum, can it not be sighing?
It is worth explaining that the comparative study of physical objects and classics is indeed a relatively difficult thing. There is a Qing Dynasty, more than 200 years, the early Qing Dynasty determined the classics and the Qing Dynasty in the middle and late Qing Dynasty copied the classics are basically the same, and the physical objects handed down to the world are mostly very different from the works of the middle and late Qing Dynasties, but looking at cultural relics in isolation and looking at the classics in isolation are not perfect. In addition to the cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty, the armed cultural relics in the Forbidden City are also obviously relics of the Ming Dynasty, and it is also inappropriate to write them all down. Forbidden City tibetan steel hammer, length 103 cm, square edges, handguard cylinder, handle head copper melon prism.??
Many of the Qing Dynasty weapons were Western blades, and the Chinese were equipped with knives. The Forbidden City hides the Bilong waist knife Qing Kangxi, the sheath length is 94 cm, the knife length is 60 cm, the blade Ofs is the wolf symbol, and the sheath of the handle after the Qing Palace.
Some Janissary miscellaneous weapons and local standard weapons have a large gap in weight and style, and the double hammers hidden in the Forbidden City are of great research value than the Ming and Qing hammers that can be seen locally. (Customized by this dynasty: green camp double vertebrae, iron smelting, left and right dual holdings, 1 foot 9 inches each in length, 6 inches in circumference, shaped like a melon ridge, each weighing 1 pound and 3 pairs.) The length of the handle is 1 foot 3 inches each, the circumference is 2 inches and 5 minutes, and the wooden hair is vermilion, which is blue. ）??
The Forbidden City hid the rattan tablets, but unfortunately Zhu Yi was missing. (Custom: rattan brand camp rattan card, woven vine for it, shaped round and convex, eaves diameter 2 feet 6 inches, height 8 inches, painted tiger head, embellished with vermilion, by Shi Huan two to pull it.) ）??
There are also some disputes over the designation of the names of the armed forces. (This object of the Forbidden City named Miao Jian), for details, please see the "Weapon Spectrum| not to say that it is a strange knife, why is this mysterious "Miao Sword" up to 2 meters 5? The picture says that the Forbidden City used to exhibit long weapons
Some of the problems in "Qing Palace Armed Weapons" were solved in the "Research on Qing Palace Armed Weapons" published by the Cultural Relics Publishing House in 2013, and some still need to be solved urgently. The Palace Museum is required to disclose more armament materials with original information.
This article is the original manuscript of the Cold Weapons Research Institute. The original outline of the editor-in-chief and the author Leng Yan saw, any media or public account without written authorization shall not be reproduced, and the offender will be investigated for legal responsibility.