Du Jianshi could not have imagined that he had never even been a regimental commander, but he was deeply appreciated by old Chiang Kai-shek and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in the army; what made him even more unexpected was that when Tianjin was liberated, he became a high-ranking "war criminal" after handing over all the property materials of Tianjin to the People's Liberation Army; and what he did not expect was that after 33 years of liberation, his "war criminal" hat was also removed and he became a comrade.
Du Jianshi is a native of Wuqing, Tianjin, born in 1906, his family is rich, he has studied for many years, his dream when he was young was to be a lawyer, when he read the Peking University Political Science and Law Preparatory Department for two years, he found that the current Chinese society is not dependent on the law to survive, but must rely on the military to rely on arms to save the country, he transferred to the Northeast Lecture Wutang, when he was only 19 years old. After graduation, he served as a company commander of the Northeast Army Artillery Regiment and a battalion commander of the Heihe Artillery Battalion.
Although Du Jianshi was a member of the Northeast Army, he advocated the idea of national unity, and when Zhang Xueliang decided to change his position in 1928, he firmly sided with Zhang Xueliang.
As mentioned earlier, Du Jianshi read a lot of books and was a scholar. Therefore, in 1931, when the old Chiang founded the Army University in Nanjing, he was admitted to the Army University with the first place, which attracted the attention of the old Chiang. Here, I have to admit that the attitude of the old Chiang Kai-shek toward cultivating talents should be admired by future generations. After he completed his studies, the elder Jiang Xuan sent him to the Ravenworth Military Academy in the United States to study.
It was not until after the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression that Du Jianshi, who was studying in the United States, asked Old Chiang to return to China to participate in the war. But the old Jiang replied that there is a lack of talents in international relations in China, so you will study well in the United States. It was not until he received a postdoctoral degree in international politics from the University of California that he was allowed to return home.
After returning to China, Du Jianshi was appointed director of the Jiangxi Branch of the Central Military Academy, senior staff officer of the Ninth Theater, provost of the Army University, lieutenant general of the chairman's attendant office, and lieutenant general of the National Government, and joined the army, mainly responsible for foreign affairs and timely handling of world anti-fascist war affairs. When Lao Jiang attended the Cairo conference, he also took him with him, and it can be said that Du Jianshi was a diplomatic adviser to Lao Jiang during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Old Jiang summoned du Jianshi, who was attending the first United Nations Constituent Assembly in San Francisco, and sent him to Tianjin to serve as the representative of the Eleventh Theater in Tianjin, Tang, and Yu, the commander of the Beining Road Guard, the vice mayor, and the mayor of Tianjin.
However, the good times were not long, and the house leaks on the domestic battlefield of the old Jiang were partial to the overnight rain, and after losing the northeast, they lost the north china. Before Tianjin could not be saved, old Jiang sent a special plane to pick up Du Jianshi and go to Taiwan, and he did not want to leave such an outstanding talent to the CCP.
However, Du Jianshi considered that there were more than 100,000 nationalist troops who had routed to Tianjin from the northeast at that time, and without his pressure, it was bound to affect the public order of the whole of Tianjin; then some well-known people in Tianjin's industrial and commercial circles, financial circles, and intellectual circles came to him one after another and begged him not to leave Tianjin alone, otherwise, Tianjin would be in chaos, and the unlucky people would still be the common people. Du Jianshi thought that he was also a tianjin native, and he must not ignore his father and elder in his hometown in order to escape for his life. Therefore, after the special plane that picked him up waited for him at the airport for three days, he still refused to fly south and decided to wait for liberation in Tianjin.
In January 1949, Du Jianshi issued a notice in the name of the mayor to register all property from the municipal government to various organs, organizations, and schools. After the PEOPLE's Liberation Army entered Tianjin, Du Jianshi and his secretary Liang Ziqing handed over all the property registered by the municipal government to the head of the People's Liberation Army.
But he remained in custody as a senior Kuomintang war criminal, and was not pardoned until 1963, when he regained his freedom.
On the issue of Du Jianshi as a "war criminal," it is controversial. During the period of the agrarian revolution, he did not make enemies of the Red Army, let alone in the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan; in the War of Liberation, he did not engage our army as a local chief, and later when Tianjin was liberated, although he did not act insurrection, he should also be treated with surrender.
Therefore, in view of these circumstances, our party also adhered to the spirit of seeking truth from facts and correcting mistakes, and in 1982 took off the hat of "war criminal" for him. After the reform, Du Jianshi was elected as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference for three consecutive terms, deputy director of the Literature and History Materials Research Committee, and concurrently served as the leader of the Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan working group. He also served as a member of the Central Committee of the Electorate and the Central Supervisory Commission of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, and died on November 7, 1989, at the age of 83.
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