In the last year of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms appeared one after another. Many people think that this period is very chaotic, in fact, we can roughly divide this period into two stages, the nodes are Former Qin and Northern Wei.
The Northern Wei Dynasty is no longer known to everyone, the predecessor of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, which completed the unification of the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms. In fact, before that, Former Qin had also unified the Great North, and was the most powerful of the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms.
Therefore, this history can be roughly divided like this:
In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and then the former Qin unified the north, and then the world was in chaos, and then the Northern Wei once again unified the north.
The Northern Wei Tuoba family is familiar to everyone. However, many people in the former Qin Clan did not know much. As a dynasty that once unified the north, what kind of country was Former Qin?
First, GongHong laid the foundation of Former Qin.
Gong Hong is the leader of the Qi clan, the rich N generation of the Eight Classics of Zheng'er. This elder brother is both literate and martial, and is deeply trusted by the clan. But he didn't have the idea of starting a business at first, and he was satisfied to be a tribal leader.
Unfortunately, history did not allow him to live, because Offinan Hong's fame was great, Liu Cong, the monarch of Han Zhao, recruited him many times to join the company, but Gong Hong was stubborn and ignored him at all.
After Liu Cong's death, the Han Zhao regime was divided into two, Liu Yao established Former Zhao, and Shi Le established Later Zhao. Under liu Yao's strong military pressure, Gong Hong had to choose to submit.
But Liu Yao, the boss, obviously can't do Hou Zhao Shile! In particular, Shi Le's nephew Shi Hu is definitely a fierce character. Shi Hu defeated the Former Zhao army many times and liked to play pit killing games. If you don't agree, you will kill tens of thousands of people.
With such a game, Shi Hu will sooner or later play the northern population to extinction. Xiang Hong looked in his eyes and was anxious in his heart. If this is caught by Shi Hu, won't the whole clan have to finish calves?
Instead of being so passive, it is better to take the initiative to surrender! Therefore, after Liu Yao was destroyed, without waiting for Shi Hu to attack, Gong Hong took the initiative to submit to Shi Hu.
Obviously, this mouth of Xiang Hong was very good at fooling, and Shi Hu not only did not pit their entire clan, but recommended Xiang Hong as the champion general, responsible for Hou Zhao's northwest military.
However, Gonghong was not willing to surrender to Hou Zhao, so it did not take long for him to establish himself as the Assassin of Yongzhou and attach himself to Former Liang. Shi Hu was furious and sent troops to recruit Gong Hong. Xiang Hong didn't say anything and came to surrender again. Shi Hu did not mind at all, and once again forgave Gong Hong, and crowned him as a general of Guanglie.
Although Shi Hu forgave Gong Hong, it was impossible not to have a defensive heart, so he transferred Xiang Hong to Chang'an. Is this the legendary hostage?
To this end, Gong Hong had a plan in mind, and he suggested to Shi Hu: move the Nobles of the Qi and Qiang clans in Guanzhong to the Later Zhao capital Of Xiangguo. Wouldn't the capital be developed in this way?
Shi Hu hesitated a little: It's a good idea, but will they come?
Gong Hong smiled: I am their boss, do they dare to come?
In fact, This trick of Zhi Hong is very clever, since he can't go out, it is better to pull his own strength in. Moreover, pull a little more qiang's strength, and come together to disrupt the political situation of Hou Zhao, and Can't Youhong touch the fish in muddy waters!
After that, Gong Hong was promoted to the rank of knight in Later Zhao and became a general of Later Zhao's cavalry, responsible for guarding the northwest region. After all, it was to bring funds into the group, so even Shi Hu did not dare to act rashly against Xiang Hong.
As soon as Shi Hu died, Hou Zhao fell into civil unrest for the throne. Shi Zun slaughtered the new emperor Shi Shi, and Shi Jian killed Shi Zun, who had recently ascended the throne. During this period, Gong Hong suffered unfair treatment, and indignantly announced that he had defected to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
But his territory, compared to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is an enclave, so this kind of surrender is simply the income on the book! However, this is also enough to explain The attitude of Zhi Hong: I don't plan to follow you after Zhao Ming!
Everything was proceeding in an orderly manner, and The ambition of Emperor Gonghong to become king was also expanding. Unfortunately, on the eve of success, Xiang Hong was sent away by Ma Qiu's cup of poisonous wine, and he died at the age of 66.
2. Jian Jian established the Former Qin regime.
Xiang Hong had saved up enough of his family property and was planning to start a business, but he lost his life! His son Jian Jian naturally took over all of Gong Hong's inheritance. Gong Hong's greatest hope in this life was to enter the main Guanzhong, and for this purpose, he beat Yao Cang, the leader of the Qiang clan, who also wanted to enter the main Guanzhong, on the ground.
After Jian Jian came to power, he ostensibly submitted to Hou Zhao again, but in fact he was already secretly making efforts to seize Guanzhong. When the time was ripe, Jian Jian marched into Guanzhong in two ways and successfully gained a foothold in Guanzhong.
After having a base area, Jian Jian did not hesitate to establish himself as the Heavenly King of Great Qin and established the Former Qin regime. In the past, Gong Hong and Jian Jian once returned to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and now after Jian Jian took Guanzhong, he turned his face and did not recognize anyone, do you say that the Eastern Jin Dynasty can not be angry?
For this reason, after Huan Wen learned that Jian Jian had ascended the throne, he immediately led the Eastern Jin Dynasty army in the Northern Expedition. Huan Wen's combat effectiveness was too strong, and he fought until he reached the edge of Chang'an City, but fortunately, the Entire Gong Family went out and divided the troops to cover up the killing, which saved Chang'an.
Unfortunately, the crown prince Washu was killed by random arrows in the war, so Jian Jian had to replace him with another son, Zhisheng, as the crown prince. Soon after, the 39-year-old Jian Jian did not fall on the battlefield, but fell on the hospital bed.
Third, Jian Jian pushed Former Qin to the highest peak.
He was jokingly called the "One-Eyed Demon King" by everyone. Why do you call him that? Because this brother was born with only one eye, and he was very vicious, brave and fierce, and accidentally became the Former Qin Heavenly King.
After he ascended to the throne, he was going to kill without a word, especially the heroes who extended the butcher's knife to Former Qin. Uncle Qiangping tried to persuade him twice, but was chiseled through his head by someone sent by Gongsheng.
Especially for his blind eye, as long as someone mentions mutilation or the like, He sheng will think that he has only one eye, so without saying a word, he will kill the other party.
Every morning when the ministers went out to work, they had to say goodbye to their families, because they didn't know if they had been slaughtered by The Shengsheng. But whenever he didn't go to work one day, the ministers would be so happy that they would fly and feel that they had picked up a small life.
With such a way of playing, Qian Qin would sooner or later be destroyed by Xiang Sheng. Therefore, at this critical moment, the East Sea King Zhi Nut broke into the palace with more than 300 cronies and abolished Zhisheng. After that, Jian Jian became the Former Qin Heavenly King.
In order to learn the lessons of Zhisheng, Zhijian can be described as all-encompassing.
First, the kindness of Jian Jian.
Jian Jian was not only a wise and decisive monarch, but also very benevolent. This is something that is unimaginable in a chaotic world, perhaps it is precisely because the former Amagi was too cruel that it created the benevolent Jian Jian.
In this life, Jian Jian eliminated too many separatist regimes, such as the Former Yan Murong Clan, the Qiang Yao Clan, the Daiguo Tuoba Clan, and so on. But Jian Jian not only did not wipe out their clans, but gave them all kinds of high-ranking officials Houlu and let them work in Former Qin.
Second, Jian Jian attaches great importance to talents.
In addition, Jian Jian also attaches great importance to talents. For example, the trust in Wang Meng directly changed the fate of Former Qin. Wang Meng was a genius who refused Huan Wen's temptation and chose to run to Former Qin to work.
The two saw each other as they were, and from then on they regarded each other as confidants. Because Wang Meng enforced the law strictly, many people had impeached Wang Meng, fearing that Wang Meng would hurt their vested interests.
As a result, Jian Jian did not look at these impeachments. He trusted Wang Meng, so he let him do it, and finally with Wang Meng's help, Jian Jian gradually completed the work of unifying the north.
Third, promote Han culture.
Although the Northern Dynasty is a place where most Hu people are, the emperor of the Northern Dynasty who is slightly as an emperor and the worship of Han culture are very obvious. Jian Jian is no exception.
After he appointed Wang Meng to rectify the administration of officials, he began to set up schools throughout the country to improve the Han cultural level of his people. Especially in Chang'an's Taixue, Jian Jian not only hired the world's famous Confucians as teachers, but also came every month to hold monthly examinations for Tai students, which was really a good monarch who loved education.
Fourth, recuperate.
When Jian Jian had just succeeded to the throne, Former Qin was almost finished with calves by Zhi Sheng. The economic situation was in a mess, so Jian Jian gave up the foreign conquest in a short period of time and chose to vigorously develop domestic productive forces.
In the event of a disaster year, Jian Jian chose to share weal and woe with the people, not only cutting his own expenses, but also reducing the food and clothing of his family members around him. Even if she is the favorite concubine, she can only give up the silk and silk and wear cloth clothes instead.
Under the operation of Jian Jian, the Former Qin regime gradually became the most powerful regime in the north. Successively, they destroyed the Former Yan, Daiguo, and Former Liang regimes, and completed the unification of the north. It can be said that the strength of Former Qin at this time was not weak at all compared to that of the later Northern Wei.
Ending: After the Battle of Shuishui, Former Qin cao cao ended.
After Former Qin was extremely powerful, Jian Jian was so proud that he forgot Wang Meng's advice and felt that he finally had the opportunity to unify the country. So he went south with an army of 800,000, planning to destroy the Eastern Jin Dynasty and complete the ambition of unifying the world.
As a result, there was trouble in this matter, and after the Battle of Shuishui began, Xie An and Xie Xuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty defeated 800,000 of JianJian's 800,000 troops with 80,000 troops (50,000 of which were Northern Province soldiers), directly reversing the power relationship between the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Former Qin.
After the Battle of Shuishui ended, Jian Jian fled into the wilderness and was escorted back to the north by Murong Chui. But at this time, Former Qin was also facing the doom of disintegration:
Murong Chui returned the 30,000 troops in his hands to Jian Jian, ran back to the north himself, established the Later Yan regime, and openly rebelled against Former Qin.
Murong Hong, who was humble, also raised an army in Huayin and established the Western Yan regime.
Yao Cang, the leader of the Qiang clan, took advantage of the defeat of Jian Jian to capture and kill him, established himself as emperor, and established the Later Qin regime.
Tuoba Jue of the Daiguo, also with the help of Murong Chui, restored the foundation of the Daiguo and established the Northern Wei regime.
Lü Guang, a former Qin general who had expeditioned to the Western Regions, came back to take a look and found that his work unit was gone! In desperation, he had no choice but to divide Liangzhou and establish the Houliang regime.
As a result, Former Qin was instantly divided into 6 divided regimes (including Former Qin itself). After that, no matter how hard Gong Pi, Gong Deng, and others tried, they could not save Former Qin, whose building had fallen.
References: Zizhi Tongjian, Book of Jin