When Chiang Kai-shek came to Taiwan, why didn't he remove all the treasures? They all blamed him for having a bunch of illiterate secretaries
As we all know, there is a Forbidden City on the mainland side, and there is also a National Palace In Taipei in Taiwan Province. Many people say that Chiang Kai-shek took all the good things. Some people even say that Taipei has a treasure without a temple, and the Forbidden City has a temple without a treasure.
National Museum of National Palace, Taipei
Is that really the case?
Let's take a look at the treasures of taipei's National Palace. Taipei National Palace once rated ten national treasures, and the expert group and tourists each selected ten pieces, which are indeed all national treasures.
For example, the Zhou Dynasty Sanshi Pan selected by experts has 357 words on it, describing a land sale and sale, which is a national treasure of great historical value.
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There is also the Ru kiln azure oval narcissus basin
Song painted the first map of the Xishan Travel
Everyone cooks jade cabbage.
In some ways, the cultural relics of the National Palace in Taipei are better than those in the Forbidden City in Beijing, taking jade cabbage as an example, in fact, there are several chinese cabbages in the Forbidden City in Beijing, but at first glance, people are more popular than dead people, and vegetables have to be thrown away...
Just throw it at me.
In addition, on famous paintings and ancient porcelain, There are also many fine works in Taipei, such as Ru kilns, and Taipei's are obviously more exquisite. In terms of paintings, paintings before the Yuan Dynasty are also the absolute advantage of Taipei.
However, it cannot be said that the Forbidden City in Beijing has no treasure, and the Forbidden City still has many exquisite collections, such as the authenticity of the "Qingming River Map" in Beijing.
The question is, why didn't Chiang Kai-shek take all the treasures with him when he fled to Taiwan?
There are several reasons for this, and we'll start at the beginning.
The cultural relics of the Forbidden City are actually the collection of the Ming and Qing emperors, after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi can still live in the harem, he began to find a way to bring things from the palace, one of the main methods is to reward, give the things in the palace to others, and then take them out, the most famous of which is the "Qingming River Map", Puyi rewarded Pujie, let him take out of the palace.
In addition to this, there are also a large number of treasures that were taken away by Puyi. Later, Puyi went to the northeast to engage in puppet Manchukuo, and the things he took out were hidden in the puppet Manchu Palace in Changchun. When Japan was defeated, some of the things he took with him were placed in the Liaoning Museum, such as "Roselle Futu". Now it is the treasure of the town hall.
Most of them returned to the Forbidden City, such as the "Qingming River Map", Tian Huang Three Chain Seals and so on.
This is one of the sources of the Forbidden City's collection.
After the abdication of the Qing Dynasty, the Forbidden City built a museum and began to formally manage the collections inside, and after September 18, the situation in the north was tense, and everyone was worried about the safety of the Forbidden City's collections, and began to plan the relocation of the Cultural Relics of the Forbidden City to the south, and finally packaged them and sent them to Nanjing, some of which were exhibited abroad.
This situation is also available in other countries, such as some treasures in Afghanistan, which are now on display in China, and have been wandering abroad for more than a decade, because they are afraid that they will be destroyed when they return to China. It is said that after the cultural relics of the Forbidden City arrived in Shanghai, Japan invaded China in an all-round way, and the cultural relics were still unsafe, and once again began a long westward migration, fortunately, in the process of transportation, these cultural relics were not damaged or lost.
At the end of World War II, Japan surrendered, and the cultural relics were relocated, first to Nanjing, which was originally intended to be transported back to Beijing, but the liberation war progressed too quickly, and the Kuomintang soon showed signs of great defeat. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek was ready to run to Taiwan, and he would take these treasures with him before leaving.
Chiang Kai-shek invited a person in charge, this person named Hang Liwu, whose ancestral home is Zhejiang, was born in Anhui, studied abroad at public expense, got a doctorate in political science from the University of London, and after returning to China, he served as the head of the political department at the most cattle university at that time: National Central University.
The cultural relics of the Forbidden City were transported from Nanjing to Sichuan, and he was responsible, not because he understood the cultural relics, but because he was in charge of the refugee camp at that time, which was considered to be internally relocated, so it was unified under his control.
Later, he was responsible for transporting cultural relics to Taipei, and he was also transferring cultural relics everywhere at that time, not only the Forbidden City, but also the cultural relics that existed in Chongqing during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Henan, and the Zheng Gong Tomb, the most cattle cemetery in Henan, has a large part of its cultural relics in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Hang Li Wuyun also ran to Beiping to transfer some things left in the Forbidden City, and the director of the Forbidden City at that time did not let it go.
There are people who are so desperate, why haven't they run out?
First, there are too many cultural relics, there are more than 10,000 boxes, and they cannot be transported at all.
Second, we still have to transport people.
When the cultural relics were transported, the Kuomintang military and political leaders and their families panicked when they saw it, and the chairman of the committee began to transport cultural relics, that is, to run, and these family members also wanted tickets, so they occupied the territory of many cultural relics, resulting in insufficient transportation capacity.
Third, we must blame a group of illiterates invited by Chiang Kai-shek, who are not culturally illiterate, but cultural relics blind.
Because there are too many cultural relics, it is impossible to take them all, it is necessary to ask people to pick up, pick expensive easy to bring, so you can see that the best things in Taipei's National Palace are calligraphy and paintings, jade, small porcelain and other things that are easy to take away. However, if these things are picked up by the general public, they may not know which is better and which is more precious. At that time, there were not enough people, so they had to ask the secretariat to help, and these people were basically the owners who spent the money of the Western Zhou to buy last week's cultural relics. Therefore, valuable and precious things are not loaded, there are a lot of worthless ones, and the cultural relics are packed together with the library and the archives.
Half of the cultural relics packed by the Secretariat were accounted for, but thanks to their eye-catching masters, many good things were not taken away.
That's one of the reasons, there's something they know is a good thing, but they can't take it with them.
One of the reasons why the People's Liberation Army marched too fast, to the surprise of the Kuomintang, many things did not have time to be transported, like the Zheng Cemetery's big country Baolian Crane Square Pot has two pieces, because the People's Liberation Army marched too fast, did not have time to transport away, now one is the treasure of the Henan Museum, and there is another in the Forbidden City in Beijing.
Some are too heavy to be transported away, such as the stepmother Pengding, who was sent to Nanjing as Chiang Kai-shek's birthday gift, and originally wanted to be transported away, but it was too heavy and was thrown at the airport.
For these reasons, a large number of treasures remain in the Forbidden City.
Later, most of these cultural relics were transported back to the Forbidden City, and the surplus was given to the Nanjing Museum.