What is history: it is the echo of the past to the future, the reflection of the future on the past. - Hugo
In August 1927, the CCP launched the Nanchang Uprising, firing the first shots of armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries.
Interestingly, the troops who participated in the Nanchang Uprising, except for one regiment, were all units under the command of one person!
He was Zhang Fakui, commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Second Front.
Zhang Fakui, the character Xianghua, after the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, joined the Guangdong Model Regiment as a soldier, began to rise from a small soldier, successively served as a battalion commander, regiment commander, division commander, in 1925 when he was the commander of the Guangdong Army, he was only 29 years old. In October 1926, during the Northern Expedition, he commanded the 12th Division, especially the Ye Ting Independent Regiment, to first break through the wuchang city gate and capture wuchang, which was a decisive victory in the northern expedition war. After the war, he was promoted to commander of the 4th Army and soon became commander of the 11th Army.
At this time, Zhang Fakui was only 30 years old.
In the spring of 1927, Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution, and the Wuhan Nationalist government ordered the formation of two two-front armies to carry out the Eastern Expedition, with Zhang Fakui as the commander-in-chief of the Second Front, under the jurisdiction of the 4th Army, the 11th Army and the 20th Army.
At this time, among Zhang Fakui's subordinates, the CCP members were the most numerous. However, when Ninghan merged and Wang Jingwei was preparing to split the communists, Zhang Fakui sided with the anti-communist side.
The CCP is preparing to launch the Nanchang Uprising.
On August 1, the 20th Army, the 24th Division of the 11th Army, and the 25th Division of the 4th Army, which belonged to Zhang Fakui's Second Front, held the Nanchang Uprising with the officer training corps under Zhu Peide's 3rd Army. After hearing the news, Zhang Fakui immediately took Li Hanling, commander of the 25th Division, and the headquarters guard battalion to chase after Mahuiling by train in an attempt to obstruct the 25th Division's march to Nanchang. Unexpectedly, the rebels shot at his train, and Zhang Fakui jumped out of the car in fright and fled for his life, even losing his telescope and document bag.
On the 5th, the rebel army withdrew from Nanchang and headed south along the east bank of the Ganjiang River. Zhang Fakui immediately ordered the troops to enter and occupy Nanchang. Soon, he was instructed by Wang Jingwei to lead his troops back to Guangdong and continue to surround and annihilate the rebel army. Unexpectedly, on December 10, the CCP launched another Uprising in Guangzhou. Zhang Fakui was in his apartment in Guangzhou, woke up by the sound of gunfire in the middle of the night, and fled barefoot to a place on the south bank of the Pearl River to save a small life.
Zhang Fakui's troops launched two armed uprisings against Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang Kai-shek was furious and announced on December 14 that he would be relieved of all his duties.
It was not until March 1929 that Zhang Fakui, who was already a bare pole, was reactivated by Chiang Kai-shek as the commander of the First Pursuit Army and the commander of the 4th Division, which was actually a division commander and did not even have the power of a commander. However, with the support of the Gui clan, he later became the commander-in-chief of the group army. In 1937, during the Songhu War of Resistance, Zhang Fakui served as the commander-in-chief of the Right Wing Army. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he successively served as the commander of the corps and the commander of the theater, with the rank of general and a famous general of the anti-Japanese resistance.
Despite this, Zhang Fakui has always been anti-communist and very stubborn.
On January 5, 1946, after negotiations, the Kuomintang and the Communists reached the "Agreement on The Cessation of Internal Military Conflicts" and formed the Beiping Military Mobilization Department. When the three-man group went to Guangzhou and asked to transfer the CCP's Dongjiang Column in Guangdong and The Feng Baiju Column on Hainan Island to the north, Zhang Fakui flatly refused, saying that there were no Chinese communist troops at all in Guangdong. Marshall, the representative of the US side, believed that he had undermined the mediation and complained to Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek summoned Zhang to Chongqing and told him in person that he must obey the mediation. However, Zhang Fakui still opposed Marshall's mediation plan and did not listen.
While in Chongqing, Ye Ting, former commander of the New Fourth Army, called Zhang Fakui and said that he had come to visit. Ye and Zhang Ben were classmates, and When Zhang was the head of the division, Ye was his right-hand man, but because of Ye Ting's CCP background, Zhang Fakui resolutely refused to meet. Then, Liao Chengzhi from the CCP side also called to see him. Liao's father and Zhang were also close friends at that time, and Zhang Fakui still refused to meet liao Chengzhi.
Zhang Fakui's anti-communism can be seen that it is not ordinary.
In March 1949, Zhang Fakui became the commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Army, continued to resist the People's Liberation Army, resigned in July, and fled Hong Kong.
He lived in Hong Kong until his death in 1980.
Zhang Fakui was anti-communist all his life, hard to change, and very stubborn. However, among the officers and men under him who participated in the Nanchang Uprising, there were 6 marshals and 4 generals in New China. Those old subordinates of the CCP have not forgotten him. When Zhang Fakui died at the age of 85, Marshal Ye Jianying, an old subordinate of the Second Front, sent a telegram of condolences to his family and said affectionately:
"Surprised to learn of the death of General Xiang Hua, I am overwhelmed with mourning. Nostalgia and old friendship, nostalgic. Special telegram to the letter, Shang Xi festival mourning. "