Three important archaeological achievements, Zhengpingfang is one of them. After the results were announced, Zhengpingfang found that the suspected Taiping Princess's residence had caused heated discussion, so what was Zhengpingfang? Why is this major discovery related to Dingbao? Let's walk into Zhengpingfang together, walk into the Archaeology Class 191 of the History Department of Heluo College, and go to find out
Sui Tang Luoyang City was once the world's most prosperous international metropolis, played an important role in the history of the development of China's capital system, Zhengpingfang is one of the important Lifang in the Sui tang Luoyang City.
As the basic unit and residential management system of the main urban and rural planning in ancient China, the Lifang system plays an important role and research value in the history of Chinese urban planning. Zhengpingfang is located at the junction of Zhao Village and Xigang Village, Anle Town, Luolong District, Luoyang City, east of Dunxingfang, west of Yirenfang, north of Xiufang, and south of Lehefang. According to the literature, there are Confucius Temple, Guozijian and Anguo Female Taoist Temple (formerly the residence of Princess Taiping) in Zhengpingfang.
Sui Tang Luoyang City layout
The Zhengpingfang site was jointly excavated by an archaeological team composed of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Luoyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. The site is nearly rectangular in plan, with a length of 533.6 meters from north to south and a width of 464.6 meters from east to west. The square is divided into three parts by a "D" shaped road: the western half of the square, the southeast district and the northeast district.
The western half of the square is a large mansion, speculated to be the residence of the Princess Taiping, and in the middle there is a corridor to divide the mansion into two parts, the southern half is initially speculated to be a garden area, and the northern part is a courtyard area. The courtyard is symmetrical in the central axis, with three roads in the east and west, and a total of five entrances in the middle road, and the building structure is strict and orderly. The eastern half of the square is divided into north and south parts by the horizontal street. Among them, the south square wall of the southeast district is also opened in the middle, and the three-way courtyard side by side with east and west is found inside the door, and there is a north-south passage between the courtyards, and there is a pavilion (or over-the-floor) building at the north end of the passage, which is similar to the function of the Guozijian and the Confucius Temple recorded in the literature.
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The pattern of the T-shaped street connecting the north and south square gates seen in the excavation is a vivid example of the square system in the capital of the Tang Dynasty, with a symmetrical and multi-entry courtyard layout, which embodies the traditional urban planning ideas of ancient China, is an important example of the history of the development of ancient Chinese architecture, and provides important information for the study of the history of the political system and social life history of the Tang Dynasty. A large number of architectural components such as lotus pattern tiles, cylinder tiles, plate tiles, and ridge decorations have been excavated from the Zhengpingfang site, as well as daily necessities such as cups, plates, and bowls with blue glaze, white glaze, and black glaze.
Why is it related to Dingbao [The emblem of Henan University of Science and Technology is Jiulong Ding, representing the ancient civilization and long history of Luoyang City, and the students' nickname is "Dingbao"?] Because there is also a figure of Dingbao in this excavation. 16 students from the Archaeology Class 191 of the Department of History of Heluo College of Henan University of Science and Technology conducted a field archaeology internship for more than two months, led by Dr. Zhou Jian and Dr. Li Xuan of the College of Humanities, and mainly participated in the excavation of the southwest corner and southeast part of Zhengpingfang.
The excavation was carried out in the area of Zhengpingfang Nanfang Wall (also the Taiping Princess Mansion Wall) in the area of the four cloth squares in the southwest of Zhengpingfang, and continued to excavate on the basis of the archaeological 181 class excavation led by Dr. Cheng Jiafen and Dr. Zhou Jian in 2020, with a view to finding the Taiping Princess Mansion Gate. There are 14 layouts in the southeast, speculated to be the location of Zhengpingfang Guozijian Square, found two housing sites and Xuan Corridor, the building structure is regular, the grade is higher, the distribution is orderly, and there are complete drainage facilities; a medium-sized kiln workshop was found, which is relatively well preserved, and it is also the first kiln excavated in Zhengpingfang, and a large number of relatively complete bricks and tiles have been excavated. In this excavation, many different forms of tiles, cylinder tiles, plate tiles, cornice tiles and other architectural components, exquisite porcelain, pottery and other daily necessities were also found, which helped us understand the architectural scale of the Tang Dynasty and the living conditions at that time.
"Action is the beginning of knowledge, and knowledge is the completion of action." In this archaeological excavation internship, Dingbao has gained a lot, integrating the knowledge learned in the textbook into practical excavation, learning to distinguish soil color, finding edges, analyzing layers and other field knowledge, and truly internalizing and externalizing in the line; combining field excavation with modern technology, learning to use RTK, total station and other instruments for archaeological mapping, as well as photoshop, Photoscn, CAD and other software for archaeological mapping and other professional skills.
"Curiosity is the driving force, insist on relying on endurance, seeking truth to be determined, success is better than perseverance." The most important thing to do a good job in archaeology is to be willing to endure hardships, be practical and careful. In the internship of more than two months, Dingbao really understood what archaeology is, and they did everything with their hearts and minds in an attitude of humbly seeking advice and not being afraid of hardship. There is joy in learning, there is pain in happiness, there is love in suffering, play love to the extreme, find traces of history in the subtleties, and touch the real temperature through the gaps of time.
"Inside the avenue, my road is long and long." Many people often say that archaeologists are very romantic, always find unknown surprises, always love, always keep curious, adhering to the spirit of hard work and exploration. Archaeology is also a work that needs to be adhered to for a long time, and only under the accumulation of time and experience can we continuously enrich ourselves.
"The road is long and the road is long, and I will seek it up and down." In the days to come, Dingbao will work harder to learn, keep what they love, explore history, trace back to the roots, do the best they can in the field they are good at, and contribute to the construction of archaeology with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese style, and better understand the long-standing and profound Chinese civilization!
This year, it is already the second batch of archaeology students to enter the Zhengpingfang site to carry out internships. In 2020, Dr. Cheng Jiafen and Dr. Zhou Jian led the 18th-level archaeology class to participate in the excavation at the site of Zhengpingfang in Luoyang; on December 25, 2020, our school also held a teaching and practice base unveiling ceremony with the Luoyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, which combined the cultivation of talents with field practice in the development of archaeology, which to a large extent continuously delivered fresh blood to the development of China's archaeology cause, and is also a good opportunity for the future development of archaeology.
"The ancient culture has left its heritage, and a generation of civilization has shown a new wind." Sitting on the archaeological advantages of the ancient capital luoyang, the teachers and students of Henan University of Science and Technology will continue to develop the characteristics of archaeology in our school, contribute their own strength to the construction and development of Chinese archaeology, and provide forward impetus for the passing on of Chinese culture!
Reprinted from Henan University of Science and Technology public number