What is history: it is the echo of the past to the future, the reflection of the future on the past. - Hugo
After the Battle of Changping, the State of Zhao was beaten by the State of Qin and injured. After that, not only was it repeatedly attacked by the Qin army, but other princely states also wanted to take the opportunity to invade Zhao and profit.
In 251 BC, the King of Yan heard that zhao guoqing was killed by the Qin general BaiQi in the Battle of Changping, and the country was full of orphans and widows, unable to fight again. So he sent Li Belly as a general, leading 600,000 troops, 2,000 chariots, and attacking the Zhao state in two ways. The Li belly ordered Qing Qin to lead a one-force attack on the dai, and led the main force to attack Yan. Why was the State of Yan so impatient to attack the State of Zhao?
In the middle and late period of the Warring States period, King Zhaoxiang of Qin, at the suggestion of Fan Ju of Xiangguo, used the national policy of long-distance and close-range attack. Since then, from now on, the princely states have followed suit and made it a basic national policy to attack from afar and close.
The State of Zhao was bordered by the State of Qin to the west and the State of Yan to the northeast, and the two countries did not border each other, so they became allies of the long-distance and close-range attack, and jointly dealt with the State of Zhao in the middle.
The strength of the State of Yan was far inferior to that of the State of Zhao, so the State of Yan repeatedly took advantage of the great war between the State of Zhao and the State of Qin to send troops to sneak attacks from behind the State of Zhao.
The State of Zhao and the State of Yan, originally like two harmonious neighbors, did not exchange troops for half a century from the time king of Yan Zhao ascended the throne in 313 BC until 265 BC.
In this half century, the Zhao and Yan states were allies for most of the time, and the main general of the Five Kingdoms of Qi, Le Yi, was also the xiangguo of Zhao and Yan, so the two armies of Zhao and Yan were in a situation of mutual cooperation in attacking the State of Qi and suppressing the State of Qin for a period of up to five years.
Zhao and Yan, two good brothers, turned against each other because they were a Qi person.
In 265 BC, when Zhao and Qi were allied, the State of Zhao used the Qi state tian shan as a general to conquer the four cities of the Yan state.
Although tian dan's personal color in this incident was relatively solemn, it was not a manifestation of the hostility between Zhao and Yan, at least the Zhao people believed that they did not have the idea of continuing to attack the Yan state to the northeast.
However, the psychological impact of Zhao Guo's less cautious dispatch of troops this time was far-reaching, breaking the zhao and Yan covenants for half a century, and the Yan state had the heart to attack Zhao in the south to retaliate.
However, the State of Zhao was too powerful, and King Wucheng of Yan did not dare to move, and the State of Yan gradually leaned towards the side of the State of Qin.
After the Battle of Changping and the Battle of Handan, the strength and status of the Zhao state plummeted.
In 251 BC, in the name of wishing the King of Zhao a birthday, the Yan state sent an envoy to the state of Zhao to spy on the false reality of the state of Zhao. After returning to China, he suggested to the King of Yan that Zhao Guoqing was killed by the Qin general Bai Qi in the Battle of Changping, and the country was full of orphans and widows, unable to fight again, and took this opportunity to attack Zhao and win. Le Jian, the son of the famous General of the Yan State, Believed that the State of Zhao had been fighting against Qin for many years, and the people were familiar with the military, and if the Xing army attacked Zhao, the Yan army would definitely be defeated, and resolutely opposed the sending of troops. King Xi of Yan did not listen to Lejian's advice and decided to send an army to attack the Zhao state. He sent Li Belly as a general, leading 600,000 troops, 2,000 chariots, and attacking the Zhao state in two ways. The Li belly ordered Qing Qin to lead a one-force attack on the dai, and led the main force to attack Yan.
At this time, the situation in the Zhao Kingdom was indeed as reported to the King of Yan by the chestnut belly, and all the young and middle-aged people died outside, and only the old, weak, sick and disabled were left in the country. Faced with the oppressive Yan army, King Xiaocheng of Zhao ordered all the men in the country who were over fifteen years old to join the army, and mobilized some troops from Li Mu, a famous general stationed in the north, plus the remaining army at the Battle of Changping, a total of 250,000 people. The commander of the Zhao army was Lian Po, who analyzed the situation of the Yan army and held that although the Yan army had many people, it was proud of the enemy, and coupled with the long journey, the people were sleepy and lacking, and they should adopt various tactics to break through.
Lian Po then ordered the general Le Cheng to lead 50,000 troops to hold on to Dai, and the Yan army that attracted the attacking Dai could not go south to help, and led 200,000 main troops to meet the main force of the Yan army, Yu Yan. Under the leadership of Lian Po, the young General of the Zhao Army fought with the enemy and fought bravely to kill the enemy, defeating the Yan army in Yu Yan, and the chestnut belly was also beheaded by the Zhao army in front of the battle. The attacking Yan army heard that the main force had been defeated, the main force would be killed, and the army was greatly moved, and Le took the opportunity to lead the army to counterattack, quickly defeated the Yan army, and captured the Yan general Qing Qin alive. The Zhao army pursued 500 miles and besieged the Yan capital, and the King of Yan had to cede the five cities to seek peace, and the Zhao army began to break the siege and return.
The defeat of the Zhao army by the Yan army was of great significance, it made other princely states dare not despise the strength of the Zhao state, avoided the danger of being divided by the crowd, and also made the Zhao army come out of the shadow of the Battle of Changping. In addition, these young soldiers of the Zhao State who brushed up with the experience of the Yan Army played a great role in the future Anti-Qin War.