As we all know, in order to commemorate the Xi'an Incident, on the basis of the Zhang Xueliang Mansion and the Yang Hucheng Mansion in that year, the Xi'an Incident Memorial Hall was built to visit the main tourist attractions of the Xi'an Incident. In fact, in Xi'an, there are several old sites related to the Xi'an Incident, but unfortunately many of them are not open to the public, and outsiders know very little.
Across the wall of Zhang Xueliang's mansion, there is a small two-story building. After the Xi'an Incident that year, Chiang Kai-shek was detained here for 11 days, and negotiations with Chiang Kai-shek and a peace agreement were reached, mainly in this mansion, which is the Gao Guizi Mansion.
1. The completion of Gao Guizi's mansion
Gao Guizi (1891-1959), a native of Dingbian, Shaanxi, was a lieutenant general in the Kuomintang Army. In 1911, he participated in the Xi'an Uprising and joined the Chinese League, and later joined Hu Jingyi's troops and participated in the Zhifeng War. In 1926, he joined the Kuomintang and participated in the Northern Expedition. During the Northern Expedition, he served as the commander of the Independent 8th Division of the National Revolutionary Army, the commander of the provisional 19th Army, and the commander of the 47th Army, and led the unit to show heroism; as a result, he was added to the Kuomintang Military Committee in March 1928.
After being ostracized by Chiang Kai-shek, he began to fight against Chiang Kai-shek in 1930 and suffered defeat. Soon because zhang Xueliang was unblocked, Chiang Kai-shek forgave Gao Guizi and appointed him as the commander of the army's 84th division, garrisoning Hebei. Participated in the Great Wall War of Resistance and fought fiercely with the Japanese army at Lengkou, General Pass, and Huangya Pass. In October 1934, gao led the ministry to northern Shaanxi to "suppress the communists", contacted the CCP, and secretly concluded a non-aggression pact.
As a successful soldier, Gao Guizi resettled a piece of land and built a yard in the west of the provincial city. This is the Gao Guizi Mansion.
2. Gao Guizi's mansion serves as a residence for the temporary placement of Chiang Kai-shek
During the Xi'an Incident, Chiang Kai-shek was captured by Zhang Xueliang's guards in Lintong and subsequently escorted to the Yellow Tower in The New City of Xi'an. Two days later, he was transferred to the Gao Guizi Mansion and stayed here for 11 days. Negotiations with Chiang Kai-shek and a peace agreement were mainly reached at the Gao Guizi Mansion.
The reason why Gao Guizi Mansion was chosen was because at that time this building was located next door to Zhang Xueliang's mansion, zhang Xueliang was the main planner of the Xi'an Incident, and it was more convenient to place Chiang Kai-shek here. At the same time, after the completion of gao guizi mansion, Gao Guizi himself had not yet had time to live in it, and the courtyard was vacant at that time.
Therefore, Zhang Xueliang and Gao Guizi discussed whether they could temporarily place Chiang Kai-shek in this courtyard. Gao Guizi agreed with one bite.
Subsequently, Chiang Kai-shek was transferred to Gao Guizi's mansion. Chiang Kai-shek lived here for 11 days, during which time he reached a six-point agreement to stop the civil war and peacefully resolved the Xi'an Incident.
Today's Gao Guizi Mansion is the seat of the Shaanxi Provincial Writers Association
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Gao Guizi successively served as the commander of the Seventeenth Army and the deputy commander-in-chief of the 36th Group Army, and participated in the Battle of Pingxingguan and the Battle of Zhongtiao Mountain. After the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he was promoted and secretly surrendered by Chiang Kai-shek, and successively served as the deputy commander of the 8th Theater and the deputy commander of the 1st Theater, losing his military power.
In 1949, he was wrapped up in Hanzhong by Hu Zongnan. In order to escape, he went to Chongqing on the grounds that his wife was treated. Refused to follow the Kuomintang to Taiwan.
After the founding of New China, he served as a member of the Northwest Military and Political Committee and vice minister of the Northwest Rural Work Department. After the outbreak of the Korean War, a plane was donated to the Volunteer Army. In 1952, General Gao Guizi donated the mansion to the state. In 1959, Gao Guizi died of illness in Beijing and was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
With the vicissitudes of time, once a compound, today there is only one main building, which is the office of the Shaanxi Writers Association.
As a memorial site for the Xi'an Incident, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. If you go to visit, talk to the doorman, it is generally allowed to enter.
Author: Dr. Cheng Shaanxi Tourism. It may not be reproduced unless permitted.