These six cold numbers are the number of martyrs whose lives were forever fixed on the other side of the Yalu River during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
200,000 heroes and sons, 10 billion yuan of war consumption. (Owed 3 billion foreign debt to the Soviet Union, and the volunteer army had no settlement fees!) ）
Our country has paid so much, but when the volunteer soldiers are short of food, ammunition and have no supplies, what is the DPRK doing?
Volunteer soldiers burn snow and water to fill their hunger while resting
First, how miserable North Korea was back then
Less than 13 days after the United States entered the war, less than 30,000 of the 80,000 North Korean troops returned alive to within the 38th Parallel.
U.S. troops have continuously dropped bombs and germ bombs on North Korea, and about 215,000 people were killed and more than 101,000 were missing or captured throughout the Korean War.
Veterans of the Volunteer Army who participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea recalled: When we arrived in North Korea, we could hardly see any adult males, and the soldiers were almost all children who were not yet high in guns.
When the volunteers entered North Korea, north Korea could hardly see a single young and middle-aged man, not even many male children, and their generation of men was almost dead.
The fact that the volunteers did not receive supplies in Korea was not that North Korea was unwilling to help the volunteers, but that the entire Country had run out of ammunition.
North Korean child soldiers
2. Support of the Korean people for the Volunteer Army
The Korean people have helped the volunteer army a lot, and there are many great deeds.
To give you a few examples:
In the harsh winter, "Volunteer Mother" Xian Zaifu knocked on the ice and washed the clothes of the volunteer soldiers in the cold water, and in the first week of the Battle of Shangganling alone, she washed more than 700 clothes for the wounded of the Volunteer Army, and after that, Mother Xian washed more than 2,000 clothes for the wounded comrades of the Volunteer Army.
When the U.S. army attacked their village, Mother Ham helped the wounded disperse to the bomb shelter, but she herself rushed into the fireworks of the house to rescue the supplies.
North Korean women carrying children on their backs helped the volunteers lead the way
There was also a North Korean girl, her family lived with four volunteer wounded, when the US aircraft raid, her family's house caught fire, the little girl braved the bombing and fire rushed into the house, just entered she saw her brother who was crying, but she directly stepped over and carried the four volunteer wounded out of the house one by one.
When she returned to look for her brother again, he had been burned to death. The wounded were very grateful to her.
But she also comforted the wounded and said: "You have a good rest, you are more important than my brother" At this point, the girl finally couldn't help crying.
The North Korean people with their children to comfort the volunteer army can be seen
There are countless examples of similar help to the wounded of the volunteer army, and many North Koreans helped build roads and bridges, carrying food and water to the volunteer soldiers under artillery fire.
During the entire War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, most of the basic materials used by the volunteers, such as horse grass and firewood, were solved with the assistance of the Korean Government, which greatly alleviated the difficulty of domestic transportation and supply.
The reason why the front line is getting souther and the more unable to keep up with the supplies is not only because the logistics and transportation lines have become longer, but also because the Korean people here have almost run out.
Third, the process of the collapse of Korea
September 15, 1950. MacArthur boarded the flagship MCKinley Hill to personally supervise the battle, and under the cover of more than 300 warships and more than 500 aircraft from the United States and Britain, the US Tenth Army successfully landed in Incheon to raid from the rear of the Korean army, cutting off the bee waist of the Korean Peninsula and quickly retaking the port of Incheon and nearby islands.
Faced with a two-sided attack, the momentum of the KPA began to retreat, but it was too late.
Thus began the rout of the Korean People's Army.
On 22 September, the "United Nations Forces" retreating to the Busan Ring of Defense took advantage of the situation to counterattack. On the 27th, the Inchon landing force and the Busan force met near Suwon and recaptured Seoul a day later.
And this was just the beginning, as U.S. Lieutenant General Walker defeated the Korean People's Army from the front without relying on the Un troops who landed at Inchon, the last North Korean force in South Korea, numbering nearly 70,000 men, more than half killed or captured under Walker's offensive.
Fourth, if the American Landing at Inchon fails
In fact, before the UN army landed in Inchon, Chairman Mao had repeatedly warned Kim Il Sung that the US army might land at Inchon.
But Kim Il-sung was busy attacking Busan at this time, and he did not believe that the American army was capable of landing from Inchon.
However, he made a mistake.
If Kim Il Sung had attached importance to Incheon's heavy military defense of Incheon at that time, would it have changed the outcome?
I personally don't think so.
Although Incheon is easy to defend and difficult to attack, the strength of the US military is too much ahead, especially the superiority of the navy and air force, and the side that has absolute superiority in the navy and air force in the landing operation is at most to spend more effort. (You can refer to the Battle of Songhu, although the Nationalist army is rotten, but the Battle of Songhu was crushed by the Japanese Navy and Air Force is indeed a fact)
The U.S. Navy and Air Force are still much stronger than the Army, and if the heavy troops are placed in Inchon, then the U.S. Military is fully capable of landing from other weak defenses or taking advantage of part of the main force of the KPA to go to Inchon to attack directly from the front.
A question for everyone, if the U.S. military did not have a navy and air force, would the volunteer army fight so hard?
The answer is obvious - no.
Part of the U.S. fleet during the Korean War
Moreover, the day after the fall of Incheon, the Korean People's Army sent 6 columns of T-34 tanks to the beachhead to defend, the United Nations army only sent 2 F4U Viking fighters, and only one wave of attack, half of the KPA tank column was scrapped.
The Combined M26 Pershing then launched a counter-offensive to wipe out the remaining North Korean panzer divisions and clear the way to capture Inchon.
You tell me how I play?
On the 15th, the Inchon landings were launched, and on the 19th of the same month, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers had repaired the 13-kilometer-long railway to the interior.
Gimpo Airfield had been captured, transport planes carrying fuel and ordnance began to fly into the airfield at Incheon, and the Marines continued to unload supplies and reinforcements, and by the 22nd, they had unloaded 6,629 vehicles, 53,882 soldiers, and 23,000 tons of supplies.
You tell me how to play? (American soldiers are not like volunteers who work day and night.)
While MacArthur attacked Seoul with all his might in order to honor his previous promise to the South Korean government to regain the capital as soon as possible, Walker defeated the main force of the Korean People's Army in the south, and the U.S. army had not yet fully launched a north-south attack.
Fortunately, MacArthur attacked Seoul first for the sake of face, and if he directly blocked the route of the KPA's retreat to the north, the KPA that entered South Korea would be completely destroyed, because his face of about 30,000 KPA troops successfully withdrew north.
Therefore, even if the Inchon landing fails, as long as the US army finds a suitable position to land, or even directly merges with the southern troops to attack head-on, it is only a matter of time before the KPA fails.
5. That's it?
The People's Army was defeated and withdrew north of the 38th Parallel, and the war ended here?
But MacArthur swelled!
The original plan of the United States was only to help South Korea drive North Korean troops back to the north of the 38th Parallel.
But because the battle was too smooth, he decided - to take advantage of the victory and pursue!
Truman agreed to MacArthur's proposal, but he repeatedly stressed to MacArthur that North Korea could only be attacked if China and the Soviet Union did not enter the war.
Apparently MacArthur didn't pay much attention to him as a president.
He did not only attack Korea with China's participation in the war, he almost directly attacked China with all his might, and the shells hit China.
Premier Zhou warned MacArthur that the Chinese people must not tolerate foreign aggression or allow imperialists to ignore the wanton aggression of their neighbors.
But MacArthur did not take it seriously at all, and even bombed the Dandong area of China, which seriously threatened China's territorial security.
Good guys, others are not too big to see the hilarity, MacArthur is to create hilarity is not too big.
He couldn't have imagined that this red flame from the East would burn him to pieces!
6. China enters the war
The actions of the United States have threatened the new China, and Chairman Mao has seen very far. (More on that later)
Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Defend the Family and Defend the Country!
Chinese Volunteer Army entered the Korean War, because it did not want to declare a full-scale war with the United States, so the support army changed its name to volunteer army, indicating volunteer support for North Korea.
This operation also mistook the US military into thinking that the volunteer army was just a small volunteer team.
They didn't expect this group of volunteers to be so many. (The U.S. military is also willing to recognize the name "volunteer army," which limits the war to the Korean Peninsula and avoids escalating it.) ）
The first battle
Before the first battle, the United Nations army shouted: It is bound to occupy all of Korea before Thanksgiving!
Then the first engagement of the volunteers eliminated more than 15,000 enemy troops, not only completely thwarted the UN army's plan to occupy all of Korea before Thanksgiving, but also recaptured Onjeong in one fell swoop and repelled the UN forces south of the Cheongcheon River.
The Second Campaign
This campaign completely turned the tide of the Korean War, and the U.S. military had planned to break north in two ways.
Launch a pincer offensive on the east and west lines in northern Korea and advance to the Yalu River to surround all the volunteers, and then eat it!
Once again, they made a vow: to end the Korean War before Christmas!
In the Second Battle of Chosin Lake on the Middle Eastern Front, both sides suffered heavy losses, and heroic companies such as the Ice Sculpture Company appeared in the volunteer army. (Actually, I want to say that such a hero does not want to stop, I just want you to come back alive)
Finally, the Americans on the Eastern Front retreated by sea under the cover of aircraft carriers and air forces. In this campaign, the North Korean army recaptured Pyongyang and drove the United Nations army back to the vicinity of the 38th Line, initially turning the tide of the War in Korea.
The U.S. army was confused in this battle.
American soldiers said: I don't know what kind of team we are facing, this is a war with no hope of victory.
Walker, who had nearly wiped out the large North Korean army earlier, said: "If you want to defeat China, unless God wears a steel helmet to personally come to war!"
The third and fourth battles
After the second campaign, the United States proposed ceasefire negotiations, but they were obviously confused and wanted to slow down.
Mr. Peng did not give them a chance and launched a third campaign to smash the enemy's plot to cease fire and rest.
In this campaign, the volunteers directly occupied the South Korean capital of Seoul, seoul was once again captured, and the capital was taken twice in a war, and I don't know what words to use to describe it.
In the third campaign, more than 19,000 enemy troops were annihilated, but after that, the problem of insufficient logistical supplies of our army was completely exposed, and the troops could not maintain even the minimum supply, and Mr. Peng promptly ordered the rest of the fortifications in situ.
Fortunately, Mr. Peng did not take advantage of the victory to pursue, but instead tried to rest in place. The United States took the lead in the offensive, the Volunteers were forced to take over the fourth campaign, and the defensive line was breached in Seoul and fell into The hands of the Americans again. The front line was deadlocked near the 38th parallel.
The Fifth Campaign
After the end of the Fourth Campaign, Chairman Mao sent a telegram: War preparations should be as long as possible for the short term.
At this time, the US military was ready to use amphibious landings again, and Mr. Peng decided to launch the fifth campaign before the US army.
This time, no one took advantage of the double-fire, and the volunteers hit Seoul, and were pushed back to the 38th line by the Un Nations army. (Seoul was captured for the third time, which is what the country only had the treatment of a war capital was captured three times)
Volunteers killed in this battle: more than 85,000
Un troops killed: more than 82,000
Upper Ganling
Slowly, the volunteers on the ground took the upper hand, and in order to turn the tide of the war, the UNITED Forces decided to use VanVleet to launch a showdown operation.
A fierce attack was launched on the Shangganling position of about 3.7 square kilometers defended by two companies of the Volunteer Army, and eventually the two sides continued to increase their troops in the Shangganling area, so that Shangganling developed into a local campaign scale.
The intensity of the Battle of Shangganling was rare before, and the density of artillery firepower exceeded the highest level in World War II, and the volunteer army played a national prestige in this battle.
After this battle, the United Nations army was no longer able to launch another large-scale operation.
Chairman Mao's foresight and farsightedness
Earlier, I said that the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was Chairman Mao's long-term vision, so why do we say that?
In fact, in the early days of the Korean War, not only the United States and other countries, but also many people at home were not optimistic, after all, the strength of the United States after World War II was too strong.
But Chairman Mao decided to help the DPRK against the consensus, and I wrote an article before: What did I get in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea? In 1971, the United States suddenly woke up, and Chairman Mao was far-sighted!
At that time, I saw Chairman Mao's words: "Fight with one punch to avoid a hundred punches!"
Wasn't the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea such a punch?
At that time, the Soviet Union's plan was that once the Koreans failed, they would establish a government-in-exile in northeast China and withdraw the remnants of their troops to the northeast to rest, then the flames of war would be brought to China, and Stalin would most likely send the Soviet Far Eastern Army into the northeast to assist China in the war according to the Sino-Soviet alliance treaty.
Once the war was extended to China, and the Soviet Union once again invaded the northeast, what was the result?
If the war is won, can the Soviet Union not go?
For example, a friend's mother was sick, because the sister of the friend's mother was more in charge, so she gave the money to her sister, but after being discharged from the hospital, the money was still more than half, the friend was really embarrassed to ask for it, and finally went to be scolded for a while and did not want to come out. That's what it means
Therefore, no matter whether we win or lose, once the war spreads to our country, it is we who will suffer the losses.
The only way to solve this problem, of course, is to keep the war out of the country.
Even if you are desperate to stop it, there will be eggs under the nest!
And this battle is about more than just the present.
The Opium War of 1840 saw the Western powers knock on the ancient closed gates with cannons.
Since then, China has been losing, losing, losing.
Was the War of Resistance Against Japan victorious?
Did we fight it ourselves?
You can say that we won the war, or you can say that we fought it ourselves.
But why not counterattack if you win?
After the Soviet Union defeated Germany, it hit All the way to Berlin, because we were kind, so we didn't fight?
The Japanese can say: It was the Americans who defeated us, it was the Soviets who defeated us.
But they don't say: it's Chinese beat us.
So it's time for us to fight a war, and we have to win it.
When we pressed the United States to the negotiating table in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the whole world looked at us with astonishment, and China was no longer the country that could be defeated by a few cannons.
Whoever wants to take a bite is ready to lose a tooth.
The Soviet Union also changed its attitude toward China, not only providing industrialization assistance, but also generously failing to urge our country to repay military loans.
Moreover, China has also broken the situation of weak countries without diplomacy, forgetting to say earlier, when Premier Zhou warned the United States, we had almost no diplomatic ability at that time, and Premier Zhou's warning to the United States had to be conveyed by the Indian ambassador.
After the Korean War, China was invited to the Geneva Conference.
Premier Zhou showed the world what Chinese diplomacy is!
The two photos above are one of Premier Zhou's scissor hand and the other is one that I have seen many times in textbooks.
But every time I see this picture below, I can't help but cry.
Prime Minister, this prosperous world is as you wish, the mountains and rivers are unharmed, the country is safe!
The diplomatic situation in New China was completely opened, and legal rights were restored on July 15, 1971.
Did the DPRK help us long before the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea?
In fact, before the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, when New China was not yet liberated, the DPRK had already provided us with a lot of help.
When the Northeast was liberated in 1946, the situation of the People's Liberation Army in the Northeast was very unfavorable, so it asked the DPRK for help, and the DPRK agreed without saying a word to serve as the rear of the Northeast authorities, and a large number of the wounded were sent to the DPRK for treatment.
Knowing that our army's supply was difficult, the DPRK transported us a large amount of grain and military supplies, and we must know that at that time, the DPRK was also poor and white.
There are even more than 100,000 Korean people in the Northeast Democratic United Army, plus logistics and migrant workers, and hundreds of thousands of Korean people participating in the liberation of Northeast China.
In the first place, North Korea did not go all out to help us.
The friendship between China and north Korea lasts forever!