Why did the Ming Emperor And Emperor Jing of Han force zhou Yafu to die? He spent three months quelling the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings", but in the end he was imprisoned by the emperor for treason and died of hunger strike! The emperor invited the minister to dinner but did not give chopsticks, the minister left angrily, the emperor: this person can not stay!
1/ A pair of monarchs in a pair of matching doubles
In 291 AD, the Famous "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" broke out in the Western Jin Dynasty. The "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" was one of the most serious imperial civil unrest in Chinese history, with severe socio-economic damage and the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty, after which China entered the period of the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms (Wuhu Chaohua) period of three hundred years of turmoil.
As early as 445 years before the outbreak of the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" in the Western Jin Dynasty, the Western Han Dynasty had the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings", but with the cooperation of a pair of monarchs and courtiers, the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings" was quickly quelled, thus saving the disintegration of the Han Dynasty. At that time, the king was Liu Qi, the Emperor of Hanjing, and his subject was Zhou Yafu, the Marquis of Tiao.
2/ Liu Qi, who carries on from above to below
In the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Jing of Han was considered a Ming Emperor, and together with his father Liu Heng, the Emperor Wen of Han, he founded the "Rule of Wenjing" and gave birth to a Shenwu Emperor for the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Che, the Emperor of Han.
During the reign of Emperor Jingdi of Han, he continued to adopt a policy of peace and affinity with the Xiongnu to appease the Xiongnu. The establishment of Guanshi in the border areas of the Xiongnu and trade with the Xiongnu to a certain extent eliminated the harassment of the Xiongnu. For the small harassment of the Xiongnu, Emperor Jing did not counterattack on a large scale, focusing on active defense. In the few battles against the Xiongnu, a number of generals such as Li Guang, Cheng Buzhi, and Zhi Du emerged, and the Xiongnu were so frightened when they heard Li Guang's name that they called Li Guang "Flying General".
Internally, it was necessary to cut down the imperial power. After the Han Jing Emperor ascended the throne, he reused the imperial master Chao and followed his advice to vigorously promote the cutting of the domain, which led to the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings". After the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms was quelled, Liu Qi took the opportunity to take back the rights of the princely kingdoms to the central government, and also abolished a large number of officials in the princely states. The princes no longer had executive power and judicial privileges. After the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms, the problem of the division of the princes was completely solved.
When in power, he can govern the country diligently and frugally, continue to pursue the policy of "resting with the people", develop production, and reduce taxes. Emperor Jing of Han occupied an important position in the history of the Western Han Dynasty, inheriting and developing the cause of his father Emperor Wen of Han, and working with his father to create the "Rule of Wenjing"; and laying the foundation for his son Liu Che's "Prosperous Era of Han Wu" and completing the transition from Emperor Wen to Emperor Wu.
3/ Liu Qi and the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings"
There are historical reasons for the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings". After Liu Qi ascended the throne, he appointed Chao Que as the Imperial Grand Master, one of the three dukes. After analysis, Chao Que told Liu Qi to be particularly wary of Liu Hao, the most powerful Wu king among the princes.
Liu Hao was an ambitious prince who had long had the heart to win the favor, he minted money privately, and boiled salt to sell, in order to accumulate strength, he also recruited fugitives, and the desire for rebellion was more and more revealed. Therefore, Chao Que strongly advocated that Liu Qi cut the fiefdoms of the kings, that is, cut the domain.
Liu Qi, following Chao's advice, decided to first cut down the counties of Huiji and Yuzhang in the State of Wu. Liu Hao saw that Liu Qi began to attack the kings, and did not want to tie his hands, and in the third year of the Han Jing Emperor (154 BC), Liu Hao, the king of Wu, joined forces with Liu Peng, the king of Chu, Liu Wei, the king of Jiaoxi, and other seven kingdoms to launch a rebellion, under the banner of "Jie Chao," the side of the Qing emperor. A total of seven princes participated in this rebellion, so the history is called the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms".
4/ Zhou Yafu quelled the chaos in March
When Emperor Jing of Han learned of the news that the Seven Kings were in turmoil at the same time, he promoted Zhou Yafu to be a lieutenant and led his troops to quell the rebellion. At that time, there were 500,000 troops in the Seven Kingdoms, and only 100,000 troops in the Han court, and the situation between the enemy and us was very different. At this time, the rebel army was attacking the Liang state, and Liu Mai, the king of Liang, asked Zhou Yafu for help. However, Zhou Yafu sent his army east to the city of Changyi (in present-day southwest juye, Shandong), but could not hold out and did not want to directly rescue him.
Later, even Emperor Jing of Han asked Zhou Yafu to send troops to rescue the King of Liang, but Zhou Yafu still "disobeyed". Zhou Yafu did not rob the enemy, but had his own plans. When the rebels were nervous about attacking Liang Guozheng, he sent 3,000 strange soldiers to attack the grain routes of the Seven-Nation Alliance and seize all their grain and grass. The rebels had to attack Zhou Yafu first, but after several challenges, Zhou Yafu did not fight. Because of the lack of food, the rebels finally had to retreat, and Zhou Yafu took the opportunity to send elite troops to pursue and win the victory. The head of the rebel leader Liu Hao was also cut off by the Vietnamese and sent.
It only took Zhou Yafu three months to quell the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms. After the war, everyone praised Zhou Yafu's way of using troops. However, the King of Liang formed a vendetta against Zhou Yafu because he did not rescue him in time.
5/ Why did Liu Hao rebel?
Why was Liu Hao, the King of Wu, so active in standing up against Liu Qi and triggering the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings"? Because, Liu Qi had a vendetta against him for killing his son.
Liu Hao (劉濞), son of Liu Zhong (劉仲) the Prince of Daiqing, and nephew of Liu Bang (劉劉), the ancestor of Han Gaozu. When Yingbu rebelled, Liu Hao took the cavalry general and accompanied Liu Bang to break the Yingbu army. Liu Hao served in the army and was given the title of King of Wu.
When Liu Qi was crown prince, Liu Xian, the crown prince of Wu, entered the capital and accompanied Liu Qi to drink and play six chess games. Liu Xian's masters were all Chu people, so that he developed a frivolous and fierce personality, usually very arrogant, and when he was playing with Liu Qi, he fought for the chess road, and his attitude was disrespectful, Liu Qi took up the chessboard to beat Liu Xian, but unexpectedly beat him to death, and Emperor Wen of Han sent his body back to wu to be buried. Therefore, Liu Hao was full of resentment towards Liu Qi. In addition, Liu Qi's slashing of the domain touched his interests, so he contacted the kings to rebel.
6/ Chao mistakenly died a little unjustly
Although Liu Qi, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, can be regarded as a generation of Ming Jun, his character is flawed, and the biggest flaw is meanness and widowhood. When he was a prince, because of a game of chess, he smashed his brother to death, which shows the scarcity of goodwill in his heart.
In addition, Liu Qi, who ascended the throne as empress, adopted the advice of The Imperial Master Chao to cut the domain, which led to a rebellion in the domain. The slogan shouted by the kings of the clan was "Curse the Wrong, Qing Jun's Side". In order to alleviate the crisis, Yuan Ang suggested: "Since the pretext of the rebels is to kill Chao, then we will kill it ourselves." Kill Chao, the rebels have no excuse, they will strike. When Emperor Han Jingdi heard this, Old Yuan's words made sense, and his eyes didn't blink, and he directly pushed out the chaotic mistake that he had trusted once to kill.
Although Chao's mistake was cursed, the kings of the clan did not strike because of this--their accusations were just a cover, and it was the true feeling to drive Liu Qi down.
At the time of Liu Qi's crisis, a general with a foreign surname stepped forward and took only three months to quell the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms and save the Han Jing Emperor's Great Han Jiangshan. This person is Zhou Yafu.
7/ The father and son of the Zhou clan were successively enfeoffed
Zhou Yafu was also a famous man, and he was the son of Zhou Bo, the founding hero of the Han Dynasty. Zhou Bo, a native of Feng County, Pei Commandery (沛郡, in present-day Feng County, Jiangsu), accompanied Liu Bang in his rebellion against Qin in the first year of Qin II (209 BC), and was given the title of Marquis of Wuwei (武威侯) with the title of General of Military Merit. When he accompanied Liu Bang to advance from Hanzhong to Guanzhong, he attacked Zhao Ben, defeated Zhang Ping, surrounded Zhang Handan, and repeatedly made military achievements. In the sixth year of Han Gaozu(201 BC), he was given the title of Marquis of Dai. After his meritorious efforts in quelling Han Xin's rebellion, he was promoted to lieutenant. Before his death, Liu Bang prophesied that "those who are under the an Liu clan will be Bo ye".
After Liu Bang's death, Lü Hou monopolized power, and after Lü Hou's death, Zhou Bo conspired with Chen Ping to seize Lü Lu's military power, plotted to destroy the Lü kings in one fell swoop, and supported Liu Heng. After Liu Heng ascended the throne, he was emperor wen of Han, and Zhou Bo was also promoted to the right chancellor because of his support for his meritorious service. Emperor Wen of Han died in the eleventh year (169 BC) and was given the title Marquis of Wu.
After Zhou Bo's death, the eldest son, Zhou Sheng, inherited the title. Later, Zhou Sheng had a disagreement with the princess he married (Emperor Wen's daughter) and was deposed for murder. Emperor Wen of Han selected Zhou Yafu, who was then the sheriff of Hanoi County, to inherit his father's title and make him the Marquis of Tiao.
8/ Zhou Yafujun fine willow
Emperor Wen of Han did not misread Zhou Yafu, he was indeed a general, and he had already emerged at a young age. In 158 BC (the twenty-second year of Emperor Wen of Han), the Xiongnu invaded the northern border, and Emperor Wen of Han hurriedly dispatched the border to defend the town. In order to guard the Beijing Division, Emperor Wen sent three armies to the vicinity of Chang'an to defend the guards. Zong zheng Liu Li was stationed at Bashang, Zhu Zihou Xu Li was stationed at Zhimen, and Zhou Yafu, who was then the Taishou of Hanoi, guarded Xiaoliu.
In order to boost morale, Emperor Wen of Han personally went to the Three Roads Army to reward the condolences. He first went to Bashang, then to the Thorn Gate, and finally to The Thin Willow. Emperor Wen of Han was warmly welcomed by the generals at the other two camps, but when he arrived at Zhou Yafu's Xiaoliu camp, he was blocked by the lieutenants who guarded the camp. The emissary of du Tianzi, the commander of the garrison, said: "The general has orders, and the army only listens to the general's orders, and does not listen to the emperor's edicts." ”
When Emperor Wen of Han arrived at the gate of the camp and sent emissaries to report that he had entered with his own runes, Zhou Yafu ordered the door to be opened to greet him. The soldiers guarding the camp also strictly ordered Emperor Wen's entourage, and the carriages and horses were not allowed to rush to the front of the army tent in the barracks, and Zhou Yafu, dressed in a military uniform, came out to greet him, and bowed his hand to Emperor Wen with weapons: "The people who are introduced do not worship, please allow your majesty to allow your subordinates to see him in the army." Emperor Wen listened, was very moved, and bowed to the soldiers by holding the horizontal wood in front of the car.
After the inspection of the three battalions, Emperor Wen of Han concluded: "This (Zhou Yafu) is the real general!" "Great praise to Zhou Yafu. The Xiongnu soldiers, who could not bargain, eventually retreated, and Emperor Wen of Han ordered the three-way army to withdraw, and then promoted Zhou Yafu to lieutenant, in charge of the military power of the capital and responsible for the guards of the Beijing Division.
9/ Zhou Yafu prayed for his merits
Later, when Emperor Wen of Han was seriously ill and dying, he instructed the crown prince Liu Qi to say: "In the future, You can use Zhou Yafu at critical moments, and he is a general who can be used with confidence." After the death of Emperor Wen of Han, Emperor Jing of Han made Zhou Yafu a general on horseback. As a result, Zhou Yafu did not live up to the high expectations of Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing, and during the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings", he relied on his superb command ability to defeat the strong with the weak, and it took only three months to extinguish the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms. The pacification of the Rebellion of the Seven Kings maintained the unity of the Western Han Dynasty and strengthened the centralization of power in the dynasty, and Zhou Yafu was the first to do the work.
The Han Jing Emperor Liu Qi did not treat Zhou Yafu badly, and in 152 BC (the fifth year of the Han Jing Emperor), the chancellor Tao Qing retired from his post due to illness, and Liu Qi appointed Zhou Yafu as the chancellor. Like his father Zhou Bo, Zhou Yafu was also promoted to the position of military merit.
10/ Companion is like a companion tiger
As the saying goes, "accompanying the king is like accompanying the tiger", and the honeymoon period between the monarch and the courtier generally does not last long. The same is true of Liu Qi's relationship with Zhou Yafu.
At first, Liu Qi was very important to Zhou Yafu, but the next few events made the hearts of the two monarchs more and more distant.
First, Liu Qi wanted to depose the crown prince Liu Rong, but Zhou Yafu opposed the traditional rules, and the two broke up; second, Liu Qi wanted to give the Xiongnu a posthumous title to encourage other Xiongnu to submit to the Han Dynasty, and was also opposed by Zhou Yafu: "If these traitors to the country are made marquises, then how will we punish those ministers who do not keep the rules in the future?" Liu Qi was very unhappy to hear this, and said to the people: "The words of the prime minister are pedantic and unusable!" Then the five generals were all enfeoffed.
Moreover, when quelling the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings", because they did not seek help from the King of Liang, the two formed a bond. Every time King Liang came to the capital, he said bad things about Zhou Yafu in front of the empress, which made the royal family's attitude towards Zhou Yafu more and more cold.
11/Zhou Yafu's willfulness and arrogance
Zhou Yafu, who was not well received, put aside his pick in a huff, said that he was ill, and proposed to resign, but he did not expect Liu Qi to approve it without retention.
It is said that Liu Qi did not want to kill Zhou Yafu completely, and in order to test whether Zhou Yafu was "tamed", he arranged a special "family banquet": when he invited him to eat, he did not give him chopsticks. Zhou Yafu was very unhappy and immediately asked the steward for chopsticks. Liu Qi looked at Zhou Yafu's performance like this, smiled and said to him: "Can't this make you happy?" Zhou Yafu was extremely reluctant to kneel down to apologize to Emperor Jing Liu Qi. As soon as Emperor Jing said the word "up", he immediately stood up, and without waiting for Emperor Jing to speak again, he left on his own.
Zhou Yafu's willfulness and arrogance made Liu Qi completely lose confidence in him, and Emperor Jing sighed and said, "How can such a person assist the Young Lord?" ”
12/ Pit Daddy is just a show of hands
Frustrated, Zhou Yafu' body was worse than a day after returning home. Seeing that his old age was approaching, his son Zhou Yang secretly customized five hundred armor shields to be used in the funeral after his father's death. Zhou Yafu's son Zhou Yang was very unauthentic, he gave the maid a small deadline, and did not want to give money early, as a result, the resentful maid accused him of buying supplies prohibited by the state (Han Shi Jia Dun was forbidden to buy and sell by individuals) and wanted to rebel. Emperor Jing took the opportunity to send someone to investigate the matter.
The person in charge of the investigation called Zhou Yafu and asked why. Zhou Yafu did not know what his son had done, so he could not say the reason, and the person in charge of the investigation thought that he was gambling and reported it to Emperor Jing. Emperor Jing was furious and handed Zhou Yafu over to the supreme magistrate, Ting Wei, for trial, and was eventually sentenced to prison for treason.
Zhou Yafu was humiliated by this, could not bear it, went on a hunger strike in protest, and five days later, vomited blood and died.
A generation of famous generals Zhou Yafu, after achieving fame, actually starved to death in prison. The reasons for Zhou Yafu's death are manifold, one is the meanness and widowhood of Emperor Jingdi of Han, the second is Zhou Yafu's arrogance and arrogance, the third is the son of a pit daddy, and the fourth is the alienation of others, so Zhou Yafu's death is the result of a joint force, and one is indispensable.