On February 8, 1955, after five years of development, New China had sufficient material and political support, so after the discussion and approval of the First National People's Congress Standing Committee at the 16th session, and with the approval of President Mao Zedong, the "Regulations on the Service of Officers of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" came out of nowhere, and the Chinese People's Liberation Army rank system with Chinese characteristics was born. At that time, there were 5 kinds of soldiers in the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force, Public Security Army
In the actual distribution sequence, it is divided into three series of land, navy and air, and the air defense army and the public security army belong to the army sequence.
The military rank system is divided into six grades and nineteen grades,
Marshals of the two levels: Grand Marshal and Marshal; General Ivy: Major General, Admiral, Lieutenant General and Major General; The remaining four grades of Colonel, Lieutenant Officer, Third Class Sergeant and Second Class Soldier
Leave it alone. Regarding the title of Grand Marshal, some people have heard of it, some people have not heard of it, and as to who it belongs to, I think everyone must have a general guess. Yes, as the highest rank in the People's Republic of China, Grand Marshal, it was originally awarded to mao zedong, who was highly regarded, but Mao zedong refused to accept it, so that ten years later, when the rank was abolished in 1965, no one was awarded this rank.
Many of the founding generals were from the grassroots and had too many hard days, among which Admiral Xu Shiyou was one of them
"The Best"
Born in 1905 in a poor peasant family, he went to the Shaolin Temple on Songshan Mountain at the age of 8 to learn martial arts; during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, Xu Shiyou, who was in his 20s, joined the revolution early, starting from an ordinary soldier and rising all the way to the position of regiment commander. Xu Shiyou is a legendary general who came out of the Shaolin Temple, from participating in the revolution to the peaceful era after the founding of New China.
For decades, he has adhered to his unique hard work style and never coveted pleasure
I'm afraid no one says he's not like that, at most he's a veteran of the People's Liberation Army who has retired from the army.
live
General Xu Shiyou died on October 22, 1985, five years before his death in 1980, Xu Shiyou, who had just been elected deputy director of the Central Advisory Committee, chose to retire from the rapids and applied to the Party Central Committee for leave, saying that his old bones really could not adapt to the weather in Beijing and wanted to write a memoir in Nanjing.
"Cultivation"
。 At this time, Xu Shiyou was 75 years old. After Xu Shiyou arrived in Nanjing, he was arranged by the local government to live in No. 8 Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum.
It is said that Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum No. 8 is a small courtyard located in the southern foothills of the Purple Mountain in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing, which was built by Sun Yat-sen's eldest son, also known as Sun Yat-sen
"Yanhui Hall"
, meaning to benefit future generations. Marshal Liu Bocheng lived in Nanjing when he was the director of the military academy of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Xu Shiyou is not the first time to live here, he also lived here for a while when he was the commander of the Nanjing Military Region in the past. In later days, the mansion at Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum No. 8 became a guest house within the Nanjing Military Region.
Nanjing is Xu Shiyou's retirement place, and Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum No. 8 is Xu Shiyou's home for a long time to come. Home naturally wants to live comfortably, so after Admiral Xu Shiyou moved to No. 8 Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, the first thing he did in this home was
"Makeover"
, transforming Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum No. 8 into an ideal home in his own mind. Xu Shiyou asked people to cut down all the rows of shrubs against the wall, surround them with a row of pigs, and prepare to raise a few pigs here; the lush nursery on the west side of the house should also be bulldozed, and a boxy fish pond should be dug up, and all kinds of fish fry should be put into it; the flowers and grass planted outside the house were transplanted to other places, and the vacated land was used as vegetable field farmland, as Xu Shiyou
Exclusive production location
。
After the renovation, the small building where the residence is somewhat dilapidated, the curtains are old, the carpet is broken, and the air conditioner is buzzing, like the motor of a car. The General Office of the Central Military Commission decided to allocate special funds and order special personnel to repair it, but Xu Shiyou refused, and he insisted that all changes should not be allowed and no money should be wasted. The downstairs of the small building is the staff living and office, and the upper floor is the world of Xu Shiyou alone, and the layout is simple and simple:
On the wall hang several photos of Xu Shiyou and the leader, several old-fashioned sofas, a small wooden bench, a desk, a wooden cabinet, a wooden chair and a wooden bed, and two maps, china and the world.
A regular home of a veteran.
The government and the Central Military Commission wanted to buy more and better for him, but Xu Shiyou insisted on not.
Xu Shiyou's requirements for accommodation conditions are simple, but very
"Fantastic"
This kind of attention is a bit difficult for the staff. For example, at the third meeting of the East China Group of the Central Advisory Committee held in early March 1985, Xu Shiyou attended, and the meeting venue was arranged at the Jin Jiang Hotel in Shanghai; Xu Shiyou was naturally sent to the hotel's highest level presidential suite, room number 1615. This Presidential Suite is well deserved, as it has hosted many presidential leaders who have come to Shanghai many times. The interior of the house is luxurious and elegant, the design level is the highest level in China at that time, and the bedside telephone has gold and precious stones set on it.
But this made Xu Shiyou feel unhappy, and he said to the entourage with a calm face:
"I can't afford to sleep in a soft bed like this, so let them change to a plank bed."
This requirement in that era, many hotels can be easily held, but it makes it difficult for the service staff of the Jin Jiang Hotel with extremely high specifications to find wooden beds. Finally, an official at the reception desk figured out a way to find a few wooden planks to put on a wooden bench to form a bed. Tearing down the imported bed in the presidential suite and installing a patchwork wooden bed, Xu Shiyou did exactly that
"Unprecedented"
。 After the meeting, Xu Shiyou couldn't wait to leave the Jin Jiang Hotel and go to the Yan'an Hotel in Shanghai.
At that time, after the meeting, Xu Shiyou still had to stay in Shanghai's Huadong Hospital for examination, and the entourage and Shanghai municipal leaders persuaded Xu Shiyou to stay and enjoy a different enjoyment
"Luxurious"
Life, Xu Shiyou is not. Even if the entourage no longer wants to leave, they want to stay at the Jin Jiang Hotel to open a point
"Meat"
But in the case of Xu Shiyou going first, he still had to follow to the Yan'an Hotel. Yan'an Hotel was built in the hands of Xu Shiyou, the scale, level and conditions are not bad, but it is not a grade with jin jiang hotel. Xu Shiyou likes to be in Yan'an Hotel, doing everything steadily, very comfortable.
In his later years, Xu Shiyou once consulted with officials from his hometown:
"You go back and build me two thatched huts, and when I get back, go back and herd the cattle."
Everyone thought that Xu Shiyou was joking, but they didn't think he was serious about it:
"Isn't it the same when you take off your hat and wear a straw hat again?"
I am afraid that not many officials have this realization.
Yes
Xu Shiyou basically does not visit the store, one is not interested, not picky about the things used, the administrator buys what he uses; the second is that it is inconvenient to go out, it is easy to be recognized by the masses, and then be watched, greeted and chatted.
In Beijing
The Central Military Commission specially equipped Xu Shiyou with an imported Mercedes-Benz car, but he did not sit once.
When in Nanjing
The head of the military region took into account Xu Shiyou's poor health, excessive age, and the situation that the ordinary jeep was cold in winter and hot in summer, and the driving was too bumpy, and specially asked the administration to transfer an imported off-road vehicle with air conditioning, which was jokingly called at the time:
cruiser
Xu Shiyou refused to sit in this car, saying that he had a car to sit on, and he wanted to sit so advanced. The staff around them were curious about this "cruiser" and drove out to test the car, Xu Shiyou saw it and scolded him, saying that they forgot their roots, did not allow it to stay in their homes, and had to be sent back to the military region.
Everyone was very unhappy not to go to the old chief's life of such a hard life, and a director of the headquarters thought of a way to take advantage of Xu Shiyou's time to go to Beijing for the conference, and remodeled the jeep, the appearance did not change, and the substance was all changed.
For various reasons, the elderly Xu Shiyou could not go wherever he wanted to go and where he wanted to fly like other veteran generals; Xu Shiyou had to ask the Party Central Committee for leave wherever he went, and this would become an inspection, so Xu Shiyou chose to stay at home and stay at home and not go anywhere. Since he could not walk all over the great mountains and rivers of New China with his feet, Xu Shiyou sat in front of the TV set and learned about China and the world from here. Every night at seven o'clock in the evening, Xu Shiyou must sit in front of the TV without moving, even if a guest comes to the house to eat, he will quickly finish eating and go to watch TV as soon as he confesses. Gradually, Xu Shiyou was no longer satisfied with the news broadcast, and other TV shows and movies were watched.
The eldest son, Xu Guang, traveled thousands of miles from Dabie Mountain to Nanjing to visit Xu Shiyou. At the end of the visit, Xu Guang was ready to go home, Xu Shiyou gave a bag of mochi melons, instructed his son to bring it back to eat, and said proudly:
"This is what I planted, you take it home and eat it slowly."
I didn't think my son said that there was more grain in his hometown, and in addition to tasting fresh food and playing, the sweet potatoes were all fed to pigs. Xu Shiyou listened with both disappointment and relief, and said in silence:
"Forget about sweet potatoes, bring some pickles back, I grow my own, I also pickled myself."
The son did not refuse. Such scenes and stories are not uncommon among the founding generals.
When the general was born with white hair, we didn't think he was old, so why didn't we send a bag of sweet potatoes, and we thought he was suddenly old? Xu Shiyou is a new Chinese general who deserves the respect of all Chinese.