After the collapse of the Qing government in 1912, China ushered in a chaotic era of warlord division. During this period, the warlords of all walks of life sang and sang that I took the stage, and the successive rulers were like a marquee, dazzling people.
At that time, a warlord named Han Fuyu in Shandong was quite impressive. He was originally a subordinate of the "defective general" Feng Yuxiang, but later he deviated from him, led his army away, and defected to Chiang Kai-shek.
During his tenure as chairman of Shandong, Han Fuyu worked to rectify the administration of officials, suppress bandits and narcotics, and develop education, and achieved great results. However, because he had abandoned the city and fled in front of the Japanese, he was regarded as a coward who was greedy for life and afraid of death after his death. The three words "Han Fuyu" have forever been nailed to the column of shame of history.
Years later, when historians walked into the door of the Han family again and asked Han Fuyu's son about the truth of that year. But Han Zihua cried out for his father one after another... Why is that?
We can't help but wonder, as a descendant of Shuxiang, why would Han Fuyu abandon Wen Congwu? How did he go from an ordinary soldier to a powerful warlord in the northwest during the years of fighting in the barracks? What is the strength of this great general who once defeated Qilu?
I. Han Fuyu's early life: from the descendants of Shuxiang to the great warlords
In the 1960s, there was a passage called "Guan Gong Zhan Qin Qiong" that was quite famous in the cross-talk industry. This passage tells that Han Fuyu's father had to listen to the drama during his birthday, because he was a Shandong native, so he must watch Qin Qiong in Shandong fight with Guan Yu in Shanxi. Therefore, Han Fuyu ordered the drama team to arrange such a play according to the requirements of the old master, and the people in the drama team could not cry and laugh.
Mr. Hou's cross-talk is clearly a satire on Han Fuyu. However, it made a fatal historical mistake: although Han Fuyu was the chairman of Shandong Province, he was not from Shandong.
In 1890, Han Fuyu was born into a family of scholars in Baxian County, Hebei Province. Han Fuyu's grandfather was a juren, and his father was also a well-known local talent. Although the Han family is not a court of great wealth and nobility, it also eats and wears no worries. After enlightenment, Han Fuyu entered a private school. Because of his talent and diligence, Han Fuyu is deeply loved by Mr. Xuetang.
During this period, Han Fuyu became interested in calligraphy and practiced a good hand. Han Fuyu never expected that this would later become a boost to his career.
At the age of ten, Han Fuyu's uncle was killed by the local Boxers because of his close association with foreigners. The Han family was therefore embarrassed in the local area, and the family fell in the middle of the road. In order to pay off his family's debts, Han Fuyu left his hometown and came to the northeast. However, he did not find the eldest brother who broke into the Kanto in his early years, and he spent all the coils on his body.
Han Fuyu, who was about to starve to death, saw the recruitment notice of the military camp on the road, so he signed up to join the army. This army was the 80th Third Battalion of the 40th Regiment of the 20th Town of the Qing Army under Feng Yuxiang at that time.
Feng Yuxiang saw that Han Fuyu was cultured and had a clever brain, so he left him by his side. Since then, Han Fuyu's life seems to have "opened the plug-in", and qingyun has gone straight up.
In 1923, Han Fuyu was appointed brigade commander, and the following year he was promoted to the commander of the First Army Division. By 1926, Han had been promoted to commander. Soon after, Feng Yuxiang's army was defeated and fled the Soviet Union, and Han Fuyu defected to Yan Xishan. After Feng Yuxiang returned to China, Han Fuyu returned to Feng's command and became one of the generals of the Northern Expedition. Feng appointed Han Fuyu as the commander-in-chief of the Third Front of the Northwest Army, and at this point, Han Fuyu's power fell to the northwest.
However, after the Second Northern Expedition, Han Fuyu was suspected by Feng Yuxiang and was degraded again and again, and his military power was lost. In the end, Han Fuyu was left with only a fictitious post of "Chairman of Henan Province". Embarrassed and angry, Han Fuyu, in a fit of rage, joined forces with Ma Hongkui and others to turn their backs on Feng Yuxiang and surrender to Chiang Kai-shek's command.
At first, Chiang Kai-shek was very appreciative of Han Fuyu and directly handed over the military power in the northwest to him. Later, due to his outstanding performance in the Central Plains War, Han Fuyu was promoted to the chairman of Shandong Province. At this time, although Han Fuyu's 3rd Route Army only had more than 20,000 people left, it did not prevent him from concentrating the military, political, and legal powers of Shandong Province.
Second, Han Fuyu's anti-Japanese experience
In order to consolidate his rule in Shandong, Han Began to expand his army. Through conscription, the formation of bandits, and the establishment of local militias, Han soon expanded the size of his army to 5 divisions and an independent brigade. According to records, by 1936, Han Fuyu's army in Shandong had exceeded 100,000 people.
At the beginning of the war, Han Fuyu led the army to fight hard with the Japanese army, and while severely damaging the Japanese army, Han Fuyu's troops also paid a huge price and suffered heavy casualties.
In November 1937, Han Fuyu led his troops to meet the Japanese army on the way to Texas. Han Fuyu's army hurried to meet the battle and was defeated in a hurry. Therefore, Han Fuyu had to take dozens of soldiers from Jia Benjia Regiment and retreat to a small village near Jiyang. There, the Japanese bombarded Han Fuyu and others with heavy artillery fire, causing the regimental commander to be crippled in both legs and several other squadron leaders to be seriously injured and killed. Under the cover of the soldiers' efforts, Han Fuyu managed to break through and fled back to Jinan.
After returning home, Han Fuyu discovered that Chiang Kai-shek not only did not intend to support his own army, but instead took advantage of the Battle of Texas to transfer his heavy artillery brigade and two divisions. Han Fuyu realized this: It turned out that Chiang Kai-shek had no intention of sincerely resisting Japan, and Shandong was nothing more than a "sacrifice" that Chiang Kai-shek had prepared long ago.
Therefore, in order to preserve his strength, Han Fuyu was no longer willing to easily go to war with the Japanese.
In the Battle of Jinan, Han Fuyu confronted the enemy in the city for more than a month, but refused to take the initiative to shoot. He Siyuan advised him:
To this day, the Japanese capture of Jinan is as simple as probing for things. If you don't send troops again to show your resistance, I'm afraid you'll be scolded!" ”
After Han Fuyu finished listening, he said in a serious tone:
"Jinan was destroyed, and if I didn't send a single soldier, I would definitely be criticized by posterity." However, the current situation is that I can't easily send troops! ”
He Siyuan asked him why, and Han Fuyu replied:
Chiang Kai-shek paid lip service to the idea of resisting Japan, but in fact he did not act at all. We have tens of thousands of people in Shandong, and when we are exhausted by the Japanese, there is nothing left! If Chiang Kai-shek and the Japanese join hands to negotiate peace, then we will be sacrificed in vain. The Japanese army invaded Nanjing, he ran fast, but now he wants us to die in Jinan, and he has also transferred all our heavy artillery support, this is not to let us die, what is this? ”
Han Fuyu's words revealed all the thoughts in his heart. It can be seen that he did not want to resist Japan at that time, but in order to preserve his strength, he could not easily resist Japan.
Third, the end of Han Fuyu: booby-trapped by Jiang
Although Han Fuyu had insight into Chiang Kai-shek's plans, he could not escape the end of being booby-trapped by Chiang. After the fall of Shandong, Chiang Kai-shek, in the name of holding a military conference, tricked Han Fuyu into going to Kaifeng, Henan. At that time, han Fuyu had just arrived outside the conference room when he was arrested by Chiang Kai-shek's agents on the grounds of "passive resistance to Japan."
Soon after, the Kuomintang held a military tribunal for Han Fuyu, and after a brief interrogation, Han Fuyu was sentenced to death.
Some people say that Chiang Kai-shek is "killing chickens and making monkeys." The fall of Jinan was nothing more than an excuse, and chiang kai-shek already had a grudge against Han Fuyu as early as the Xi'an incident. After the Xi'an Incident that year, Han Fuyu not only failed to lead his troops to rescue the car in time, but openly expressed his solidarity with the Communist Party and forced Chiang Kai-shek to obey.
Although Chiang Kai-shek finally agreed to cooperate with the Communists to resist Japan, at that time he was already murderous against Han Fuyu.
From the beginning and end of the fall of Shandong, we can see that this is not only because of Han Fuyu's "non-resistance", but also because of Chiang Kai-shek's embarrassment. If Chiang Kai-shek had the heart to help Han Fuyu resist Japan, how could he transfer heavy artillery support at a crucial moment? It can be seen that Han Fuyu's death was the result of a political struggle.
On January 24, 1938, Han Fuyu was shot in the Kuomintang's confinement cell. This great general, who had been in Shandong for seven years, was finally killed in Huangquan.
Text/Genki Girl QMQ
Resources:
1. "The Power Struggle Behind Chiang Kai-shek's Booby-Trapped Han Fuyu", Xing Yiqun
2. "Why Was Han Fuyong Killed", Han Zihua
3. "The First War" of Shandong Anti-Japanese Resistance, Wang Yaorong
4. "Tell You a Real Han Fuyong", Kang Peng