On the night of November 27, 1950, the beautiful and quiet, bright moonlight illuminated the Chosin Lake, and on such a beautiful night, a fierce battle of life and death was launched.
The 79th Division of the 27th Army was stationed at Liutanli near the southwest shore of Chosin Lake, and the 79th Division was tasked with attacking the US First Marine Division with friendly forces.
Xiao Jinghai, commander of the 79th Division, said at the pre-war mobilization meeting:
"Don't look at the Americans armed to the teeth, but we are not afraid of it." We can attack the enemy as long as we can, and we can give full play to the characteristics of melee and night combat, catch him off guard, and drive them down the hill. ”
At 22:00 p.m., with the order of Commander Peng Deqing to attack, our army launched a fierce attack on the enemy's garrison positions.
However, the weapons of the US 1st Marine Division and other units were more advanced than those of the Volunteer Army, and the number was also large, and the firepower was very fierce, resulting in huge casualties of the Volunteer Army.
But the soldiers were not afraid of hardships and sacrifices, and they all bravely rushed to the enemy's position. The soldiers of the 1st Battalion of the 235th Regiment, wearing cloth shoes that could not withstand the cold, charged on the thick snow slopes, and they constantly attacked the enemy's positions despite the rain of bullets.
Before the 1282 heights, the warriors rushed through the enemy's two lines of defense and strangled the enemy together, and some soldiers even threw away submachine guns and grenades, wrestled with the enemy, and threw bombs at each other.
The heavy machine gun of the machine gun squad leader Chen Zhongxian could not be used because it was too cold, but he cleverly led 3 soldiers to blow up the enemy's heavy machine gun position with grenades, and then used the enemy's heavy machine gun to eliminate the enemy.
"American devils on Dog Day, I'm here to avenge my brethren!"
Finally, the 1283 position was taken, but the enemy immediately sent reinforcements, the 1st Battalion was strafed by the enemy machine guns, the battle was very severely reduced, basically lost combat effectiveness, the entire 3 companies only had six or seven people left, and finally held the position after the arrival of the reinforcements of the 2nd Company...
At the same time, Zhang Zhenhua, deputy platoon commander of the 6th Company of the 236th Regiment, led 6 squads of bravery and tact, from the flank to the rear of the enemy, killed 27 enemies without sacrificing a single person, and occupied the outpost position of 1240. Deputy Regiment Commander Zhang Chen led the 3rd Battalion to break through the position in one fell swoop, almost completely annihilating the enemy...
The 237th Regiment, after a fierce battle with the enemy, occupied the 1403 heights.
In this cold season,
The 27th Army bent the "sword of America" of the United States
。
The 80th Division of the 27th Army launched a fierce attack on the troops of the US 7th Division at Xinxingli and Neidong-ji Temple on the east bank of Chosin Lake.
In this campaign, from the beginning of the battle to the end of the campaign, the 27th Army annihilated more than 5,000 enemy troops under the extremely cold conditions of minus 30 degrees, captured a large number of weapons and equipment, and even more in the battle in Xinxingli, created a precedent for the total annihilation of the US army to strengthen the infantry regiment, and even gave the so-called "ace" of the US army.
The 160-year-old 1st Marine Division dealt a 160-year-old annihilation blow, causing more than 11,700 casualties in the 1st Marine Division.
This extreme battle of life and death,
The Ninth Corps suffered heavy losses and was almost crippled, and the veterans suffered too many casualties and had to withdraw from the main combat unit.
The Ninth Corps began to fight first with the 20th Army and the 27th Army, and today we will trace the origin and classic battles of the 27th Army.
On December 26, 1937, the Tianfushan Armed Uprising organized and launched by the Jiaodong Special Committee began, and the Third Army of the Shandong People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Army was officially established!
The 3rd Army unveiled the prelude to the Jiaodong People's Armed Resistance against Japan and inserted a sharp knife into the back of the Japanese in Jinan and Qingdao.
On September 18, 1938, the 3rd Army and other units were reorganized into the 5th Detachment of the Shandong People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Force of the Eighth Route Army in YeXian County, which was an important milestone in the history of the 27th Army.
Big Poplar Fight
In October 1938, the enemy Jitaro Kuratani, who was stationed in Qingdao, led more than 2,000 puppet troops to carry out a secret encirclement of the Eighth Route Army's troops stationed in Daqingyang, and the battle began in the early morning of the 16th.
Zhao Yiping, formerly known as Ma Lanxin, joined the Communist Party in 1925, served as a member of the Qingzhou Prefectural Committee of the Young Communist Party in 1928, and organized the Second Road Brigade of the Third Army of the Penglai People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Army in Qixia County, served as the captain of the brigade, and in 1938 served as the commander of the Sixty-first Regiment.
Zhao Yiping, commander of the 61st Regiment, fought bravely and calmly, and did not panic in the face of the enemy's attack: "Comrades, don't worry, be calm, we will hide first, and then fight when the enemy is close!" ”
When the enemy approached 80 meters, Zhao Yiping waved a big hand: "Fire!" "All kinds of guns began to shoot at the enemy.
Of these guns, the most famous is one known as the one
Old Scalper's "Maxine Hydrostatic Heavy Machine Gun."
This heavy machine gun, captured from Wu Peifu's hometown, has made many achievements in battle and is now displayed in the Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution.
The battle was fierce, the enemy's firepower was fierce, and many commanders and fighters were also wounded, until 4 p.m., the 61st Regiment repelled three large-scale attacks of the enemy in a row, and in the evening the enemy was unable to attack again and could only retreat to Pingdu County in a hurry.
The Battle of Daqingyang was the first major battle in the history of the Jiaodong War of Resistance, which shook the Jiaodong Peninsula, and the 5th detachment was powerful and powerful, leaving a glorious page in the history of Jiaodong War.
In 1945, after the main force of Jiaodong was ordered to march into the northeast, the remaining troops were formed into the 5th Division, the 6th Division and the 3rd Garrison Brigade of the Shandong Field Army, and in January 1947, the Shandong Field Army and the Central China Field Army were unified into the East China Field Army, and the Jiaodong Army was reorganized into the 9th Column of the East China Field Army, with Xu Shiyou as the commander, Lin Hao as the political commissar, and Nie Fengzhi as the chief of staff, with the 25th, 26th, 27th, and 3rd divisions under its jurisdiction, totaling 31,000 people.
Xu Shiyou was born in 1905 in Xujiawa, Macheng County, Hubei Province (present-day Xujiawa, Xinxian County, Henan Province). In 1928, he joined the Eleventh Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, in July 1933 he was appointed deputy commander of the Red Ninth Army and commander of the 25th Division, in 1938 he was deputy brigade commander of the 386th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, in September 1940 he was transferred to the commander of the 3rd Brigade of the Shandong Column, and in February 1942 he was appointed chief of staff of the Shandong Column.
Nie Fengzhi, born in 1913 in Huaqiao Village, Lüwang Town (now Part of Dawu) County, Huang'an (now Hong'an), Hubei Province, joined the Communist Youth League in 1928, joined the Red Army in 1929, joined the Communist Party in 1933, served as the principal of the Jiaodong Branch School of the First Branch of the "Kang Da" in 1940, and in 1943 Nie Fengzhi was appointed as the commander and political commissar of the 13th Regiment of the Jiaodong Military Region, the commander of the Jiaodongwei Naval Sub-district, and the commander of the 5th Brigade.
Just after New Year's Day in 1947, Chiang Kai-shek flew to Xuzhou and arranged the so-called "Battle of Lunan", gathering all the troops of the entire East China Battlefield, a total of 23 integrated divisions and 53 brigades, advancing north and south in a vain attempt to pinch the Plakmen Army in the Linyi and Mengyin areas.
On January 16, the 9th Column, led by Xu Shiyou and others, marched for 600 to 700 miles to the first line of Luzhong Nanma to stand by. Huaye's main force voluntarily withdrew from Linyi on February 10.
The enemy on the southern front, on the 80-kilometer front south of Linyi, slowly advanced at a speed of 10 miles a day under the cover of aircraft and tanks, and on February 15, the enemy arrived in Linyi, which made Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng overjoyed and immediately issued an order to commend the meritorious personnel.
Although Chiang Kai-shek was rewarding, Wang Yaowu, who was stationed in Jinan, was a cunning old fox, and he seemed to feel something, so he ordered Li Xianzhou's clique to retreat in its entirety, and Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng, greatly annoyed, strictly ordered Wang Yaowu to march south...
Xu Shiyou's fiery temper came up, and since the fighting troops were stationed, they had not received orders from Chen Yi and Su Yu to attack, and scolded:
Wang Yaowu, the grandson of the turtle, shrinks back and forth, is a fucking 'bird' ace troop!
”
He held the fire and called Chen Yi: "
Commander Chen, I am Xu Shiyou, these two days on the buttocks have sat out of the cocoon, when to beat Li Xianzhou that donkey day?
Hearing Xu Shiyou's voice, Chen Yi laughed: "
You Lu Zhi is deep, and you can't drink hot porridge in a hurry. At the moment, Wang Yaowu was more sober than Chen Cheng, sliding around like a loach. He is testing our unreality and movements. But we have a principle, no matter how he changes, this battle must be fought.
While Xu Shiyou was worried, on the morning of the 19th, Hua Ye ordered the Ninth Column to control the south of Boshan alone, and to prepare for the attack on Boshan to help the enemy.
The battle plan had been drawn up, but the situation on the battlefield changed very quickly, and on the 20th the enemy's 77th Division had moved to the periphery of the troops.
Whether or not to fight became a problem, the enemy had reached his own eyes, too early afraid of the enemy to escape, and if he did not fight, the enemy ran to reinforce Laiwu.
Weighing the pros and cons, Xu Shiyou and Wang Jian'an, commander of the 8th Column, discussed "fighting" to avoid greater losses.
The first to start the battle was Xiao Jinghai, deputy commander of the 25th Division, with the 73rd Regiment as the main attack, supplemented by the 74th and 75th Regiments. At the same time, the 8th Column attacked from the southwest, and the 5th Regiment of Guards of the Luzhong Military Region responded.
The two units took the opportunity to surround the enemy's 77th Division, which was the concubine of the 73rd Army, and the 73rd Army, which was Chiang Kai-shek's concubine, and was fully equipped with American weapons, so the division commander Tian Junjian was very arrogant and did not look down on the Communist troops at all.
After completely encircling the enemy, Xu Shiyou issued an attack order:
"Give me a hard beating, tighten my pockets, and don't let Tian Junjian's soldiers run away!"
The 77th Division was blinded, which made the commander of the 73rd Army very anxious, but he did not dare to send troops to support, and to reinforce was to throw himself into the net, and could only watch the 77th Division being eaten by bite by bite.
Under the command of Xu Shiyou, the 25th Division and the 26th Division braved the enemy's gunfire and bullets to quickly encircle and annihilate the enemy, and the battle continued until late at night, and Xu Shiyou kept receiving reports on the situation of the troops:
"The street fighting was particularly fierce, approaching the headquarters of the 77th Division."
"We have rushed into the headquarters of the 77th Division and are looking for Tian Junjian and other bandits."
"Tian Junjian has been shot and killed by me."
When he heard that the commander of the 77th Division had been shot, Xu Shiyou was very happy, he did not expect that the Nationalist ace division could not help but fight, and the soldiers only took 12 hours to end the battle.
By noon the next day, one of the fleeing battalions had been wiped out, and the 9th Column had successfully completed its mission.
After annihilating the 77th Division and not fighting for two days in the 9th Column, Xu Shiyou and Nie Fengzhi felt uncomfortable, and xu Shiyou at this time thought:
The first time his 9th column participated in the joint operation of the large corps, it was possible that Chen Yi and Su Yu, the two chiefs, did not trust their troops, so they did not give the main offensive task to themselves, but handed it over to themselves to fight and resist, which was a test, and it would definitely be handed over to themselves in the future...
Xu Shiyou is not wrong, Chen Yi and Su Yu do have some consideration for the 9 column, the 9 column is a new unit, unlike the 1 to 6 columns are all old squads of the New Fourth Army, familiar with each other, the dispatch is also familiar with each other, with tacit understanding, the command is also smooth.
In this battle, the 9th Column perfectly completed the task of blocking the attack, and simply and neatly ate the enemy, which made Chen Yi and Su Yu very satisfied. But good things are more grinding, and good steel needs to be refined...
Xu Shiyou loves to drink and has a short temper, but at this time he is very patient, he resolutely obeys the overall situation, obeys the command of everything, and once the fighter comes, it is as fast as a tiger, and can always successfully complete the tasks entrusted by his superiors.
At the time of the Battle of Laiwu, the enemy had been basically destroyed, and Xu Shiyou received a notice from HuaYe that the enemy's 73rd Army and thousands of remnants were fleeing in the direction of Boshan, and the 9th Column received the order to quickly annihilate this part of the enemy.
Xu Shiyou, who had been holding back for so many days, was very excited:
"This enemy has come just in time!"
Because it was dark, the enemy was panicking and was secretly thankful to have escaped from Laiwu's encirclement, but did not know that the new encirclement was open to them again.
When the locals ran to the Beach of the Dasha River inside the ambush circle, the officers and men of the 73rd Regiment of the 25th Division rushed down the hillside:
"Shoot and don't kill, we give preferential treatment to prisoners!"
"Brethren, don't fight for Jiang's death!"
"Welcome to the East China Field Army!"
The 9th Column won the first battle, annihilated nearly 10,000 enemies with very few casualties, and successfully completed the task entrusted to him by HuaYe.
Battle of Menglianggu
The Battle of Menglianggu refers to the campaign in May 1947 in which the enemy's reorganized 74th Division was suppressed at Menglianggu in Mengyin, Shandong.
On May 12, 1947, the East China Field Army issued a combat order to annihilate the Nationalist reorganized 74th Division, and the 9th Column was tasked with sniping at the enemy for two days, doing everything possible to attract the reorganized 74th Division, completing the task of blocking and then capturing the Diaowo, and then attacking the 74th Division from the front together with other units.
According to Hua Ye's forward command, the 9 columns of garrison troops were ordered to hold out during the day, and then withdrew from their positions at night, successfully completing the task of gently pulling hard against the enemy and firmly dragging Zhang Lingfu.
On the 14th, the 9th Column successfully completed the task of blocking Zhang Lingfu.
Xu Shiyou called Chen Yi: "The military commander's tactics are really spiritual, and he wants to capture and indulge this guy Zhang Lingfu, so that he wants to attack and is unwilling, and he is really high-minded!" ”
"Shiyou, the next step is for you to eat big meat!"
"Thank you Commander, we must have beaten Zhang Lingfu out of his soul."
After a while, Nie Fengzhi ran to Xu Shiyou and asked, "What' the matter, can't you withdraw tonight?" ”
"Noji calls to fight, and withdraw when he calls, there is nothing to say."
After the 74th Division was surrounded, Commander Chen Yi issued a call to "annihilate the 74th Division and capture Zhang Lingfu alive." This made the commanders and fighters of the whole army extremely excited.
Xu Shiyou was in the front command as the troops progressed, and at this time the battlefield had become a meat grinder, and both sides had paid a heavy price. At this time, Xu Shiyou suddenly found that the enemy wanted to take the road and flee, and hurriedly ordered the 25th and 26th Divisions to attack together...
The battle was fought by the afternoon, and the enemy reinforcements of the 25th and 83rd divisions were surrounded. The Battle of Menglianggu also reached a critical moment.
At this time, Chen Yi called the commanders and fighters of the various columns and said: "
...... Gather and annihilate the 74th Division, success or failure in this move. It is hoped that all the columns will work together to fight in blood and take down Meng Lianggu.
Then call Xu Shiyou:
"Old Xu, Chiang Kai-shek fought with us desperately and surrounded us, and the situation was very serious. At present, the reinforcements and reinforcements are fighting very hard and tenaciously, and the enemy's reinforcements are still resisting step by step, completely annihilating the 74th Division, and success or failure is in this move! We don't have much time left, how are you doing? Can you take Down Meng Lianggu? ”
"Please rest assured General Manager Chen, even if I am left alone in the end, I will not let the enemy run." Besides, I still have 1 division under me, and the 74th division doesn't want to run away from me! ”
"Good! Now we must take down Meng Lianggu at all costs. If you beat 1000, I will make up 1000 for you; if you kill 2000, I will make up 2000 for you, whoever beats Meng Lianggu is a battle hero! ”
Putting down the phone, Xu Shiyou realized that this was the last moment of the surprise, and Xu Shiyou said to Xiao Jinghai, commander of the 25th Division:
"Your division commander is the regimental commander, the regimental commander is the battalion commander, and the battalion commander is the company commander, and you take the lead in rushing!"
"Resolutely carry out the commander's orders, swear to attack Meng Lianggu to the death, and will definitely annihilate the enemy's 74th Division!"
Rushing to the front was the 73rd Regiment of the 25th Division of the 9th Column, which first rushed to Meng Lianggu and planted the red flag on the main peak, followed by the other columns rushing to the top of the mountain.
Most of the enemy surrendered, Zhang Lingfu was killed, and at the same time, Lu Xing, deputy commander of the 74th Division' major general Cai Renjie's 58th Brigade, was also killed.
In this Battle of Menglianggu, the 9th Column fought for 5 consecutive days and nights in the Battle of Tanbu and the main peaks of Diaowo Mountain, Lushan Mountain, and Menglianggu, annihilating more than 6,780 enemy and capturing 3,001 prisoners.
Commander Chen Yi praised:
9 vertical like a tiger
In 1948, the 7th, 9th, and 13th columns of Huaye led by Xu Shiyou and Tan Zhenlin were renamed the Shandong Corps. Nie Fengzhi succeeded him as commander of the 9th Column.
The First Regiment of Jinan
In March after being reorganized into the Shandong Corps, the Battle of Zhoucun, with the 9th Column as the main attack, began...
Zhoucun, located in the heart of the Jiaoji Railway, is bordered by Huantai, Changshan and Zouping in the north, Zhangdian in the east, Boshan in the front, and Zhangqiu and Jinan in the south.
Due to the heavy rain, it was supposed to be late to reach the 9th column, so that the enemy of Zhoucun increased from 3,000 to 15,000.
Whether to fight or not to fight has become a problem. At the Standing Committee, everyone expressed their own views, and some people thought that it could not be fought, but Nie Fengzhi believed that this battle should be fought early, and when it was fought late, he gave the enemy time to prepare, and with the reinforcements of other enemies, then the overall situation was passive. Nie Fengzhi believed that while the enemy had not yet reacted, he still had the initiative to launch an attack overnight.
Finally, Nie Fengzhi broke the silence and said:
"Fighters are hard to find, fleeting, can't wait!"
Some comrades are still worried about fighting a war of attrition and let the corps blame them.
In the end, Nie Fengzhi made up his mind:
"As a military commander, you have the right to make decisions on the operational aspects. Today it is up to me to make up my mind, and of course I am responsible for the mistake. If the Corps investigates it in the future, I can make a 'military order'! ”
In order to ensure the temporary hesitation of the commanders and fighters, he specially ordered: "The original combat order has not been revoked." Reissue the battle order. For each unit, a few more messengers must be sent. It must be sent as soon as possible to ensure that the units will rain overnight. ”
At this time, the enemy of Zhou Village was unaware of the enemy who was besieging outside. This surprise battle was very successful, and soon the 73rd and 75th regiments invaded Zhoucun. Immediately afterwards, the 74th, 79th, 80th, 76th, and 75th Regiments broke into Zhoucun and broke the enemy's defensive line. In the evening, the enemy was completely annihilated...
Xu Shiyou learned that the battle of the 9th Column in Zhoucun had started, and he said with great pleasure:
"Zhou Cun fought this battle well!" With this fight, the overall situation of the campaign will be alive. ”
Later, when I heard that there was a disagreement over whether to fight or not to fight, Xu Shiyou said:
"If you hit right, I'm afraid you won't fight." Do not fight, but engage in military law. ”
Zhou Cun's battle was still very necessary, capturing Zhou Cun, the enemy on the west side of the Jiaoji Railway was leaderless, and Nie Fengzhi turned an "assist" into a "main attack."
Zhou Cun fought, followed by Jinan to the west, in the battle meeting of the Jinan Campaign, the task of the Shandong Corps was to "assist", which made Nie Fengzhi feel uncomfortable, but this was the order of the superior, and it was somewhat inappropriate to grab it himself, but he could turn the "assist" into the "main attack" again.
So when he gave the combat order to the 9th column, he changed the "assist" into the "main attack". The subordinates who received the order called one after another to inquire, and all they got was Nie Fengzhi's clear answer:
"That's right!"
Nie Fengzhi did not arbitrarily change the order, in his opinion, if the assisting unit always stared at the two words "assist", then when fighting a war, it would tie its hands and feet, which was not conducive to the help of the main attacking unit, turning the "assist" into a "main attack", the mental state of the entire unit would be different, which would help reduce the pressure on the main offensive unit on the western front...
Nie Fengzhi reported the situation to Xu Shiyou and others, and Xu Shiyou greatly appreciated it:
"Good! Just fight like that! A knife in the west, a knife in the east, and two knives poking inwards, poking at its internal organs! ”
After the Battle of Jinan, the 74th and 75th Regiments of the 25th Division stormed Maoling Mountain and Yanchi Mountain in Jinan's Dongda gate; the 26th Division advanced to the front line of Huilongling.
Maoling Mountain and Yanchi Mountain were fortresses that Jinan general Wang Yaowu flaunted for half a month, and as a result, they were quickly occupied by the People's Liberation Army.
General Nie Fengzhi
"Assist" changed to "Main Attack"
Wang Yaowu could not judge which direction the PLA was attacking, and he thought that on the eastern front, he thought that in the west, the defenders were transferred by him, and he was jokingly called the "parade of troops" by the PLA fighters.
The onslaught of the 9th Column accelerated the fall of Jinan City and also accelerated the uprising of more than 20,000 people of Wuhua Wenbu on the western front. The warriors who approached jinan city soon launched another attack, and soon the outer city of Jinan was attacked by the "ox knife tactic" proposed by Xu Shiyou, which lasted only 7 days and 7 nights.
After the outer city was breached, the People's Liberation Army continued to attack the inner city, and was soon attacked by the 9th Column 73rd Regiment, and wang Yaowu's so-called Jinan, which Wang Yaowu had operated for many years, was quickly destroyed by the 9 column fighters.
The Central Military Commission, in order to commend the great victory in the conquest of Jinan, on the day of the great victory in Jinan,
The 73rd Regiment of the 25th Division of the 9th Column was named the "First Regiment of Jinan".
After the Battle of Huaihai in 1949, the 9th Column was reorganized into the 27th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, with Nie Fengzhi as its commander.
After that, he fought with the 9th Corps...
The 27th Army is a heroic unit that has created many achievements, and its predecessor, the Ninth Column, is also a unit that has created miracles many times!