Li Dazhao and the Collected Works of Shou Chang

Idly flipping through the old books in the past years at home, I suddenly saw four red characters shining, and a "Shouchang Anthology" instantly came into view. Look closely, there is a faint line of small characters on the right "Li Dazhao's works", and below it is the words "Shanghai Beixin Bookstore Printing". I am overjoyed, this is the first official monograph by Li Dazhao in China!

　　Li Dazhao (1889-1927) was a native of Leting, Hebei Province, a professor at Peking University, a librarian, and one of the founders of the Communist Party of China. Around 1920, he threw himself into the New Culture Movement, publishing "A Comparative View of the Franco-Russian Revolution" and "The Victory of Bolshevism", etc., becoming the earliest propagator of Marxism in China and preparing the theoretical basis for the founding of the party. In consultation with Chen Duxiu and others, he organized the establishment of the Marxist Theory Research Association and the Communist Party Group at Peking University, and actively promoted the establishment of Communist Party organizations throughout the country. After the First Congress, he was appointed secretary of the Executive Committee of the Northern Region, and in 1922 he went to Shanghai to meet Sun Yat-sen and made a major contribution to the realization of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. In 1927, together with more than 80 people, he was arrested by Zhang Zuolin and tortured, but he never changed his original intention, and Dayi went to the gallows in awe, at the age of thirty-eight.

　　In 1933, after li dazhao's public funeral ceremony, his widow Zhao Shulan found Li Dazhao's colleague and peking university professor Zhou Zuoren and asked him to help publish the "Shouchang Complete Collection" (Chu Ding Quan), Zhou Zuoren wrote to Cao Juren in Shanghai, Cao said that he could contact the publication matters, and asked Lu Xun to write a preface, Lu Xun immediately wrote the "Shouchang Complete Collection" inscription, and handed it to Cao Juren to publish in the second volume of Tao Sheng, No. 31.

　　These articles by Li Dazhao were collected and sorted by a man named Li Leguang. He is a compatriot of Li Dazhao and a member of the Communist Party of China. After Li Dazhao's death, Li Leguang paid attention to collecting his remains, searched through the newspapers and periodicals in the library of Tsinghua University, collected dozens of articles, hid them under the sunflower tree in the courtyard of The courtyard of Zhao Yu's mother-in-law in Beiping, and quietly came at night, and his mother-in-law took out the manuscript and handed it to him, compiled and selected some of it, and put it away, and continued the next night, so that it lasted for many days. After Li Leguang was unfortunately arrested, Mrs. Zhao hid the manuscript in a porcelain jar and buried it in the ground. Later, when she and her daughter went to Nanjing to visit the prison, she gave the manuscript to Li Dazhao's daughter Li Xinghua. In this way, the manuscript was handed over to Zhou Zuoren and sent to Cao Juren, who was familiar with the publishing industry in Shanghai. Cao first thought of Fang Dongliang, the manager of the Mass Book Company at No. 300 Sima Road (present-day Fuzhou Road), and it was this company that Cao's editor-in-chief's "Taosheng" magazine was published. However, they did not dare to publish the book. I found the Commercial Press again, and the big bookstore did not dare to print it. Cao Juren turned to the Beixin Bookstore, which was still number 254 on this road. However, the manuscript was not approved by the authorities at the time of review. Six years later, in April 1939, the Beixin Bookstore took the risk of printing the book under the name of the "Social Science Research Society". However, on the way from the printing house to the bookstore, the patrol room found that the books were not released in time and almost all were confiscated and destroyed.

　　After Li Leguang, another person paid attention to Li Dazhao's posthumous text, he was Fang Xing, the former director of the Shanghai Cultural Bureau, Fang had collected more than fifty of Li Dazhao's posthumous texts in the 1940s, and heard that a young man surnamed Zhou in Beijing spent more than ten years collecting Li Dazhao's posthumous texts. When Shanghai had just been liberated, Fang learned that the Beixin Bookstore had published an advertisement in the newspaper for reprinting the "Shouchang Complete Works," and immediately wrote to Li Xiaofeng, the manager of the bookstore, saying that the original edition had missed many important articles by Li Dazhao, and if this time it was only a reprint, it was not appropriate to call it a complete collection, could it be changed to "Shouchang Anthology." The bookstore accepted Fang Xing's opinion and officially printed and issued the "Shouchang Anthology."

　　The Shouchang Anthology is divided into two volumes, the upper volume and the lower volume, twelve articles on the volume and eighteen articles on the lower volume, for a total of thirty articles. These texts are less than thirty percent of Li Dazhao's entire posthumous writings. On the copyright page, solemnly printed "New Edition in July 1949, Publisher Beixin Bookstore, Publisher Li Xiaofeng". Lu Xun's "The Complete Works of Shou Chang" was replaced by a "Preface" listed in front of the book, and the article began by saying: "When I first met Mr. Shou Chang, it was at the meeting invited by Mr. Duxiu to discuss how to conduct the "New Youth", so that I knew. Not knowing that he was already a Communist, in short, gave me the impression of being very good, honest, humble, and not much to say. Finally, Lu Xun wrote: "But beyond the blood, his last words will always be there, because this is the legacy of the pioneers and a monument in the history of the revolution." In front of the book, there is also Zhang Zhongrui's "Portrait of Mr. Li Dazhao" and attached a photo, which reads: "Mr. Li Dazhao did not like to take pictures when he was born, so the statue was extremely rare, this frame was taken in prison, heroic and heroic, and yiyi was born." ”

　　Zhang Zhongrui is Zhang Cixi (1909-1968), a famous historian and Fang Zhi scholar in China, who lived in Beijing with his father Zhang Huangxi since childhood, his father was Kang Youwei's protégé, and he was familiar with Li Dazhao, and Li often went to the Zhang family to chat. After Li Dazhao was arrested, Zhang Huangxi also managed to rescue him, and before his execution, he sent his son to send poria cakes. After Li's death, Zhang Huangxi wrote "The Martyrdom of Li Dazhao". In 1930, Zhang Cixi applied for the Historical Society of the National Beiping Research Institute, immersed himself in the study of historiography and Fang Zhi, compiled the "Beijing-Tianjin Terroir Series", etc., and later wrote the "Biography of Li Dazhao". In 1949, he learned that the Beixin Bookstore would reprint the Shouchang Anthology, and also wrote to Li Xiaofeng, and at the same time sent four li Dazhao's last words that were originally copied in a notebook. He also entrusted Mr. Zhao Jingshen, the editor-in-chief of the North New Bookstore, to bring the letters written by Li Dazhao in prison from his father Zhang Huangxi's collection back to Shanghai and hand them over to Li Xiaofeng. At Li Xiaofeng's request, Zhang Cixi continued to search for Li Dazhao's posthumous writings in Beijing, and he found Zhou Zuoren and learned that the "Complete Works of Shou Chang" was originally planned to print four volumes, but only the first two volumes were initially scheduled, and the other two volumes were taken away by the Life Bookstore and prepared to be published in Hong Kong. Zhou Zuoren also told Zhang Cixi that Zhang Shenfu was also collecting Li Dazhao's posthumous writings, and he found thirty-nine articles such as "Wishing the Dawn meeting" from the "Weekly Review" founded by Li Dazhao, and all of them were copied by Zhang Cixi and given to Li Xiaofeng. Li Originally wanted to collect all of Li Dazhao's remains, and when the situation was stable, he would consider publishing the Complete Works of Shou Chang. This is the behind-the-scenes story of Li Dazhao's collection of posthumous writings and the publication of his posthumous works.

　　Soon a new China was born. Li Dazhao's daughter Li Xinghua, after consulting with Li Xiaofeng, decided to bring all the remains to Beijing, and the People's Publishing House published the "Selected Works of Li Dazhao" in May 1959, including more than 100 papers, speeches, and essays. This is the first collection of Li Dazhao's writings in New China. (Wei Yang)