The word El Niño is of Spanish origin and originally means "little boy", "little girl" or holy child (Jesus). El Niño is further divided into El Niño and El Niño events.
El Niño, also known as the El Niño Current, is an anomalous warming of the sea water in the eastern and central Pacific Oceans of the Equator, which causes the oceans and atmospheres in the Pacific Equator to interact with each other and lose their balance. When it occurs, the temperature of the sea in the tropical Pacific Ocean is 3-6 degrees Celsius higher than usual, affecting changes in the global climate.
El Niño events. An El Niño event can only be considered to have occurred if it lasts for more than 3 months.
Normally, monsoon currents from the Tropical Pacific region travel from the Americas to Asia, keeping the surface of the Pacific Ocean warm and bringing tropical rainfall around Indonesia. But this pattern is disrupted every 2-7 years, reversing the wind direction and ocean currents, and the heat flow of the surface of the Pacific Ocean to the East to the Americas, which then takes away tropical rainfall, causing a large area of drought on the earth, and the original arid climate becomes a rainy climate, and even flooding.
Prior to El Niño, there was a generally persistent westerly wind anomaly in the equatorial west pacific ocean, warm waters in the waters near the Philippines moved eastward, and equatorial Pacific convective zones moved east from the western Pacific ocean to the Middle East Pacific in normal years.
El Niño is a cyclical natural phenomenon that occurs approximately every 7 years. Scientists believe that El Niño is related to human environmental pollution and is the result of the development of the earth's greenhouse effect. Through the study of the global climate, scientists believe that El Niño is not an isolated natural phenomenon, but a manifestation of global climate anomalies, which is related to the excessive demand from nature by humans.
According to the latest research by American scientists, El Niño may be caused by underwater volcanic lava eruptions. Lava erupts from crustal faults at the bottom of the ocean, transferring enormous amounts of heat to the Pacific current near the equator, causing abnormal warming of the seawater.
El Niño can be devastating, can cause floods in Latin America, can cause drought in Australia, can cause heavy rains in parts of the Americas, flooding and drinking water problems leading to disease outbreaks, can affect India's agricultural production, it is reported that India's hot weather directly led to more than 1100 deaths, can make the Japanese archipelago and the northeast of the mainland in the summer continue to be low, can make most parts of the mainland less precipitation.