The seabed terrain is similar to that of land, but due to the limitations of human vision and technological level, the exploration of the ocean is far inferior to that of land.
The undersea terrain should be more exciting than on land!
The deepest trench on the ocean floor is called the Mariana Trench, located in the western Pacific Ocean, at -11,034 meters.
The submarine mountain range is called the mid-ocean ridge, with a total length of 65,000 kilometers, and it is also the longest mountain range on Earth. The most spectacular mid-ocean ridge is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which runs in an "S" shape from north to south, 2,000-3,000 meters above the ocean floor.
After the Second World War, due to the development of science and technology, human beings began to explore the underwater world. Scientists have found that the oldest sediments on the ocean floor are no earlier than the Jurassic, that is, no earlier than 200 million years, far younger than the oldest rocks on the continent, and the oldest on the continent is 3.8 billion years old. In addition, the sediment age of the seafloor is symmetrically distributed from the mid-ocean ridge to the sides from new to old, that is, the closer to the mid-ocean ridge, the younger the age of the ocean floor crust, and the farther away from the mid-ocean ridge, the older the ocean floor crust.
In 1960-1962, Hess and Dietz proposed the theory of seabed expansion.
The middle of the oceanic submarine mountains is in tension fissure, accompanied by hot magma flowing out of the crack. This magma cools down when it encounters icy water and becomes hard, forming huge mountains and volcanoes on the ocean floor. After the birth of new oceanic crusts at the mid-ocean ridge, they continue to grow, pushing the older oceanic crust on both sides to move to both sides and forming new crusts.
The total surface area of the Earth is a constant, and since a part of the oceanic crust is constantly regenerating and expanding, it is inevitable that a part of the oceanic crust will gradually disappear. This process takes about 200 million years, which is why no rocks older than this have been found on the ocean floor.
The theory of seabed expansion can explain many seabed topographic and geological problems, and it proposes a new idea that the ocean crust is not fixed, and it answers the question that Wegener failed to answer, that is, why the continents drifted, thus reviving the theory of continental drift, and people once again remembered Wigner.
For example, a scientist named Brad used computer technology not only to stitch together several continents, but also to find evidence of the corresponding connections of several continents in rocks, strata, paleontology, etc., which is equivalent to not only the torn newspaper can be spliced, but even the words on the newspaper are also spelled.
Findings and evidence prove that Wegener was right.