Truth One
Why do volcanoes erupt?
The volcanic eruption, I will explain it to everyone in plain language.
Simply put, a volcanic eruption is like cooking soup at home, the pot is too hot, the lid can't be held down, the soup spills out, or it spews out, to put it bluntly, it's as simple as that.
To expand a little: the mantle under the earth's crust, the temperature of the mantle is as high as 1300 degrees Celsius, the rocks under the earth's crust are melted, becoming a red, bright liquid, these liquids are called "magma", the rocks melt, become pulp, so called "magma", yes, we see the red liquid that overflows when the volcano erupts, which is actually rock, it is stone, but these stones are burned by 1300 degrees.
So what about the crust under our feet, it is not a 100% sealed "dead shell", but a "living shell" that is always slowly creeping, when the earth's plate moves, if there is a gap, or there is a weak point, it can not cover the rolling magma underneath, then the magma erupts, which is the principle of volcanic eruption.
Magma is rock that is burned into a liquid by high temperatures
In short, the earth we live on is a large pressure cooker, and our pot lid (the earth's crust), is not very reliable, it is not 100% tight, so sometimes there are gaps, the pressure cooker will burst, simply put.
Truth two
Why is the Earth's interior hot?
Then the question arises again: Why is the interior of our planet hot? The answer is this: because of the Earth's interior, it is a natural nuclear reactor in its own right.
Yes, deep in the earth, there are a lot of radioactive elements, such as uranium-238, uranium-235, thorium-232, etc., which are constantly decaying, like a natural large nuclear power plant.
Why is that? Because this is the case when the earth was first formed, simply and crudely, you can think of the interior of the earth as a "small sun", but this small sun is wrapped in thick mantles and crusts.
So, instead of asking "why is the Earth's interior hot," we should be asking "Why is the Earth's surface cold?"
So why is the Earth's surface cold?
Because when the earth was formed, a lot of foreign stones and dust were wrapped up, the speed of wrapping was too fast, the high temperature of the core part of the earth, it was too late to melt these foreign things, and as a result, these foreign stones and dust wrapped the hot core of the earth layer by layer, and because it was wrapped relatively thickly, the heat of the core could not penetrate the surface, which is why our ground was cold, not hot.
Simply put, this is it, note that this is not an academic explanation, but a simple science popularization, simplifying the complex, and explaining this matter simply and rudely in words that are suitable for young and old.
Truth Three
Are there any active volcanoes in China?
Yes, we also have some volcanoes in China, one of the most famous active volcanoes is Changbai Mountain.
Yes, it is the Changbai Mountain on the border between China and North Korea.
In fact, Changbai Mountain is an active volcano, the famous "Tianchi", in fact, is the crater, rainfall falls on the crater, accumulating over time, forming a large pool.
Changbai Mountain Tianchi is actually a crater
In 1199 AD, when Changbai Mountain was still in the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a huge eruption, which was one of the largest volcanic eruptions in the world in the past 2000 years, when the eruption of Changbai Mountain had a far-reaching impact, and volcanic ash drifted to the Japanese mainland.
Later, in the Ming Dynasty, in 1597 AD, Changbai Mountain broke out again, that year, the Ming Forces and the Korean troops were fighting with the Japanese army in Korea, but that time the Changbai Mountain eruption was a small-scale eruption, and the volcanic eruption did not affect the war in the Korean battlefield.
Later, in the Qing Dynasty, Changbai Mountain broke out twice, once in 1668 and once in 1702, both during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, but these two outbreaks were also small-scale outbreaks.
Among them, the outbreak in 1702 was the most recent outbreak in Changbai Mountain so far, in other words, Changbai Mountain has been 320 years and has not erupted.
So, when will the next outbreak of Changbai Mountain be?
The answer is: God knows.
However, Chinese geography generally believes that in recent years, the crustal movement near Changbai Mountain has not been frequent, so it is generally believed that the probability of Changbai Mountain erupting again in our lifetime is not high.
Truth Four
Why did volcanic eruptions abroad lead to famine in China?
Historically, a volcanic eruption in a distant land would also have made China lie shot, and during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, this kind of tearless past occurred.
In 1815, Indonesia's "Tambora Volcano" erupted, the scale of the eruption was really outrageous, breaking the human historical record, the volcanic ash that covered the sky, filled the sky, the volcanic ash drifted, blocked the sunlight in some areas, resulting in the northern hemisphere climate anomaly, of which, China has a province that is very unlucky, it is: Yunnan.
Yunnan just happened to be blocked by this batch of drifting volcanic ash from Indonesia, blocking the sunlight, so the temperature immediately became cold, resulting in what people usually call "volcanic winter".
volcanic ash
During this "volcanic winter", rainfall in Yunnan Province plummeted, crops failed, and soon a large-scale famine broke out. It was really bad luck, and I was shot lying down.
According to the records of Yunnan at that time, the densely packed hungry people, standing on both sides of the road, selling women and selling women, in order to get a meal, and other roads were blocked by the beggars who flocked to them, these hungry beggars, their eyes were full of despair, most of these people were so kind, they were in a state of extreme hunger, still did not steal or rob, but knelt down to the passers-by, crying for a little broken silver, a meal, a sweet potato, as a history reader, Old Feng I read this kind of past from the old paper pile, I can't bear to read, Cover up sighs, sighs that the heavens and the earth are unkind, and regards all things as dogs.
Truth Five
Will the eruption of Mount Fuji sink Japan?
There has been a saying that The next eruption of Mt. Fuji, an active volcano in Japan, may cause Japan to sink, and many novels and movies have said this, in fact, this statement is geographically untenable, and it is a typical unfounded worry.
The reason is actually very simple: because the energy required to cause the land plate to sink is very large, this level of kinetic energy is not available in the explosion of Mt. Fuji.
Mt. Fuji, Japan, like Mount Nagaraku, is an active volcano and, theoretically, has the potential to erupt
For example, worrying about the sinking of Japan due to the eruption of Mt. Fuji is not true as worrying that a pimple will break and cause you to blow up half of your face.
In fact, at least since millions of years ago, there have been magma eruptions around Mt. Fuji, in other words, magma eruptions around Mt. Fuji, not a matter of one day or two days, but at least millions of years old. Not really.
And Mt. Fuji itself, a major eruption 11,000 years ago, was formed by the accumulation of volcanic ash, and in the past 11,000 years, Mt. Fuji itself has also erupted countless times, which one caused the sinking of Japan? Not really.
You know, "Japan" is not a small island, we usually say little Japan little Japan, in fact, Japan is not small, Japan is a 380,000 square kilometers of land, the earth since the formation of the earth, has never happened 380,000 square kilometers of such a large piece of land, because of a small volcanic eruption and the whole sinking, there has been no such thing.
Suppose there is really a big explosion of Mt. Fuji, or a huge earthquake that sinks the whole of Japan, then that kinetic energy is very, very large, and we in China, as Japan's neighbors, will inevitably be affected, and we should not expect to stay out of the matter.
As shown in the figure, China and Japan are neighbors, and if Japan sinks violently, it is difficult for China not to be affected by such a large kinetic energy
So, don't expect Japan to sink, because we and Japan are neighbors, Japan sank, China was unharmed, just like in a big earthquake, the next neighborhood was completely shaken, and our community was unscathed, it is impossible, to understand this matter, you don't need a high IQ, if japan suddenly sinks, it will be a world-class disaster, the whole of East Asia, the whole of Asia will be damaged.
In fact, even if Japan really sinks, its process is also a slow process of at least millions, tens of millions of years, not a volcanic eruption or earthquake can be caused, so Japan can not sink, this concern is not valid, you can read the "Youth Reference" reporter Sun Lizhou interviewed geographer Zhao Kechang's article "Will the Japanese Archipelago Sink", well, today Lao Feng will talk to you about this.