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Both form and god, shape is to accurately control the object,
That is, a demonstration of the overall structure of the object,
It is the ability to reproduce or represent objective objects and images in the painter's mind through the form of art.
Bust of Tang Taizong
Painting is undoubtedly the most convenient means and form for the painter to express a thought and draw the image in his heart. Therefore, modeling ability training has also become a common way of painting.
Tang Dynasty Palace Lotu partial
Although the level of painting often depends on human factors, depends on the personality of the painter, the accumulation of life, the cultivation of art and techniques and other factors, but the key role is often the ability to paint modeling, it is the link between the painter, the work, the viewer, with the visual means of expression to reflect the appearance of the object.
Tang Yan Liben Eighteen Scholars Yu Zhining Book Praise Scroll
For an excellent figure painter, the human forms presented on rice paper are rich, and facial expressions and body movements such as mood, sorrow, sorrow, and fear can be seen at a glance.
Five Generations Southern Tang Zhou Wenju Ting Yi Fishing Female Figure Partial
Even, from the picture, you can read the inner world of the characters.
In other words, not only does the image of the character be created, but also the god of the character is expressed through the image.
Song Chao supplement lao tzu riding a bull figure partial
Compared with flower and bird painting and landscape painting, the creation of figure painting is particularly difficult.
Yuanren painted Hanshan to pick up like a part
To this end, Gu Kaizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty said bluntly in "On Painting": "Where painting, people are the most difficult, secondary landscapes." ”
Ming Qiuying Banana Yin Knot Summer Partial
Well, in ink painting
How to achieve the portrayal of the character?
Yuanren paintings should be really like partial
Based on years of painting practice, I think there are three paths to choose from, and moreover, these three paths have passed the exploration of ancient and modern artists and achieved good creative results.
Yuanren painted parts of the Eighth Gnagabhabha Pupu
The traditional path, that is, the inheritance and glory of Chinese painting.
Ming Dai Jin Taiping Pleasure Partial
In the splendid history of Chinese civilization, Chinese painting is new and distinctive, and many character painters have emerged in the annals of history, from the beginning of Gu Kai in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, all the way down the Southern Dynasty Lu Tanwei to the Sui Dynasty Zhan Zi Qian, and then to the Tang Dynasty Yan Liben, Wu Daozi and the Southern Song Dynasty Liang Kai, and finally to the late Qing Dynasty Ren Bo Nian, every dynasty, there are outstanding figure paintings, they use lines to outline a heavy sky, to paint the character paintings with a rich background.
Ming Tang Yin Burn medicine map local
The means of expression of lines are the pillars of Chinese painting.
Ming Feng Xiao painted parts of the birthday star
As early as 1,000 years ago, the Southern Qi painter Sheikh proposed the "bone method with a pen" in his painting theory "Catalogue of Ancient Paintings", emphasizing the quality of the line.
Yuan Yang Weizhen Iron Flute Diagram Partial
In fact, the bone method is the mental method, as Shi Tao said: "Painting is subject to ink, ink is subject to pen, pen is subject to wrist, wrist is subject to heart." ”
Ming Chen Hongshou Lotus pond should be partially adapted
In the long-term practice of successive generations of painters, there are eighteen depictions in terms of the pattern of the Chinese paintings alone.
The bust of emperor of the Yuan Dynasty is yuan taizong
It can be said that in Chinese painting, the emergence of lines from the beginning is not a simple imitation of objective objects, but a product that has been filtered, refined and sublimated by the painter's mind, with the imprint of the depictor's emotions, so it has strong expressiveness and generalization.
Qi Baishi works
Part of Li Kejian's works
Works by Pan Tianshou
Based on tradition, line drawing master Pan Tianshou advocates "creation in hand", emphasizes that character painting is expensive in making images, and uses flexible lines to give rich artistic connotations to the characters under his pen. He is a man who adheres to tradition, and his works are undoubtedly a model for later generations to emulate.
Works by Xu Beihong
Sketch the path.
That is, Western realist art. Its founder is Xu Beihong, and the founder of the art practice system is Jiang Zhaohe.
Jiang Zhaohe works
Zong Baihua, a famous aesthetician, said: "Chinese painting is based on the composition of lines as the main form of expression, while Western painting is based on the lump structure as the main form of expression. ”
Since the beginning of the 20th century, many figure painters have accepted the baptism and enlightenment of Western culture and Western art, and have changed the traditional figure painting, and the figure paintings they have created have distanced themselves from ancient figure painters in terms of ideological and emotional connotations, as well as in the pen and ink language and style realm, and under their practice and influence, a modern aesthetic form of figure painting style has been constructed.
Lu Shen works
Even, Xu Beihong also summed up clearly: sketching is the foundation of all plastic arts, which can cultivate correct observation and thinking, analysis and synthesis ability, that is, scientific view of modeling.
Drawing is not only a means of basic training in painting, sketching is also a form of painting that is different from other types of painting, and it is also the essential language when studying the laws and expressions of plastic arts.
The famous Russian portrait painter Cheschakov loved drawing and was a sketcher. He asserted: "Any three-dimensional form is composed of an infinite number of deformed, perspective planes. ”
Works by Zhou Sicong
The boundaries of objects and images in Western painting are not distinguished by lines, but with the depth of color and the brightness of light to express the volume, texture and sense of space of the objects, as well as the visual effects presented by the objects under the illumination of a certain light source, just like seeing the real thing.
That is to say, Western painting always deliberately emphasizes the richness of color and the difference in structure. What it pursues is to create an intuitive visual effect in the relationship between cold and warm, thick and thin, dark and shallow, light and thick and so on. On the whole, this aesthetic pursuit is more optical, more geometric and rational thinking.
Works by Liu Wenxi
At the same time, in the processing of the picture, Western painting emphasizes the scientific and accurate reproduction of the three-dimensional space of the objective world, and the scene sketch requires the object, light source, environment, and viewpoint to be fixed. This means that when the painter creates, he must strictly follow the physical and optical perspective principles to compose the picture, and carefully organize various expressive objects in the picture.
This is fundamentally different from the scattered points of Chinese painting. At the same time, Western painting also applies the principles of human anatomy in medicine to figure painting to accurately represent the switching and moving state of human skeletal muscles. Therefore, for Western painting, whether it can accurately use the principles of perspective, dissection and optics to depict the expressive object is an important measure of the artistic quality of the work.
Realism is the artistic spirit proposed by Xu Beihong according to the shortcomings of Chinese painting at that time, which to a certain extent established the direction of realism development of Chinese painting, made great contributions to the development of Chinese oil painting and drawing, and has epoch-making significance.
Works by Du Ziling
Nowadays, as a form of plastic art expression, sketching releases a strong aesthetic positive energy in the creation of ink figure paintings.
The path of combining Chinese and Western culture, that is, on the basis of adhering to the ontology of Chinese culture and art, participates in Western painting, thus creating a new look of character painting.
Xu Beihong, who advocates painting as a sketch, believes that lines can make sketches more expressive, more powerful, and more general. Line is the most vital factor, the light and shade of all light is rigid, through the combination of line and light and shade, in order to give the sketch strength and vitality. This is the fusion idea of "Chinese painting for the body, Western painting for use" that he has always advocated.
Works by Ho Ka Ying
The above three modeling paths are all commonly used expression methods in ink figure painting, whether it is to draw nutrition from tradition or sketching, or to complement each other's advantages from the combination of Chinese and Western, and the portrayal of God is the ultimate value orientation of ink figure painting, and it is also the fundamental essence of painting presentation.
As the famous French sculptor Rodin said: "No work of art, relying solely on the symmetry of lines or tones, only for the sake of visual satisfaction, can move people." The excellence of works of art must have a perfect art form and profound ideological connotation, and the organic unity of the two can have an amazing and touching charm. ”
It can be seen that a successful ink figure painting, in addition to the precision of the shape, but also to show the charm of the character, which is the value of the portrayal of the gods.