01
Baptism: From the Bible. Adam and Eve, the first fathers of mankind, committed the sin of stealing the forbidden fruit by listening to the words of the serpent, and this sin was passed down from generation to generation as "original sin"; individuals who disobeyed God's will also sinned, called "this sin". Therefore, all who believe in God must be baptized to wash away original sin and this sin. At baptism, the main baptist recites the scriptures, and the baptized person pours water on his forehead or head, and also immerses his whole body in water. The latter parable undergoes some kind of exercise or test.
02
Forbidden Fruit: From the Bible: Adam and Eve lived in the Garden of Eden, and God allowed them to eat the practical fruit of the garden, but the fruit on the "tree of knowing good and evil" was forbidden to eat. The cunning snake lured them into stealing the forbidden fruit. As a result, they were clear-eyed, knew good and evil, distinguished between truth and falsehood, and shame arose, and they were expelled from the Garden of Eden by God. The snake was also punished: crawling with flesh for life. Parables are more desirable because they are forbidden.
03
The Kiss of Judas: Judas was one of the 12 disciples of the faithful disciples of Jesus Christ in the Bible. Jesus' preaching of the New Word, though embraced by the people, aroused the hatred of the elders and priests of Judaism. They bribed Judas with 30 silver coins and asked him to help identify Jesus. When they went to the Garden of Kemani to catch Jesus, Judas pretended to be safe, hugged and kissed Jesus. Jesus was immediately arrested and crucified. People use Judas' kiss as a metaphor for shameful acts of betrayal.
04
Siren's Song: From Greek mythology. Legend has it that on an island lived some sirens who charmed and harmed people with beautiful songs, named "Sai Wang". After the Odyssey passed through the island, he was warned by the Cersei fairy beforehand, sealed the ears of his companions with wax, and tied himself to the mast, and the companions paddled hard to finally overcome the charming song. Metaphorically, that deceptive sweet talk.
05
The Apple Controversy: From Greek Mythology. King Pereus of the Mirmidoñes and goddess Hitis invited the gods to a wedding, forgetting eris, the god of quarrels. Eris threw a golden apple at the feast, saying that it was to be given to the most beautiful goddess. The queen of heaven, Hera, athena, the goddess of wisdom, and Aphrodite, the goddess of love, all competed for the golden apple, which was finally awarded to Aphrodite. This led to the Trojan War. The metaphor of evil, or the provocation of right and wrong, sowing discord.
06
Forgetful Fruit: From Homer's epic poem Odyssey. On their way home, the Odyssey fleet was blown to a seashore by wind and rain. After the companions ate the local specialties and forgot the worries, they forgot their hometown and relatives, forgot their purpose of going ashore, and forgot to go back to the ship. After the metaphor is living in a foreign land, happy to return.
07
Laurel: From Greek mythology. Apollo fell in love with the banshee Darjuni and pursued it frantically. Dahuny asked his father, the river god, for help to escape, and her father turned her into a laurel tree. Apollo stroked the laurel and said, "Since you can't be my wife, you must at least be my tree." O laurel tree, my branches will always be wrapped around your branches in my hair, on my harp, and on my quiver, and I will let the Roman general wear your crown of flowers on his head in triumphal cheers, and your branches and leaves will always be glorious. Later, people gave the crown of flowers made of laurel branches to excellent poets. Laurel and laurel are also used as symbols of victory and glory.
08
Utopia: Derived from the Greek words ou (none) and topos (place), meaning "the land of nothing". In 1516, the English utopian socialist More, in his book Utopia, described a beautiful society he envisioned, that is, utopia. There all the means of production are owned by the whole people, and the necessities of life are distributed according to needs; everyone is engaged in productive labour and has sufficient time for scientific research and entertainment; there are no hotel brothels, no depravity and sin ... Therefore, the word metaphor refers to a beautiful society that cannot be realized at all ideals or fantasies.
09
The Generation That Crossed: A literary genre that was popular in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. The school was a young writer who, in a nihilistic manner, denied everything, demanded freedom from all traditional shackles, refused to assume any social and family obligations, and pursued a life of so-called "absolute freedom": drug addiction, alcoholism, theft, etc. His works are mostly fragmented in form and negative and decadent in content, but to some extent reflect the rebellion against American society. The latter refers to decadent young people who are dissatisfied with reality and do nothing, and even have bad habits.
10
The "public opinion" of Wall Street: Wall Street is a street in New York, USA. In the 17th century, it was a trading center and a market for the slave trade, and after World War II, it became an important financial center in the United States. Wall Street is synonymous with American monopoly capital, and Wahl's "public opinion" refers to the will of American monopoly capitalists.
11
Mona Lisa's Smile: The Mona Lisa is the work of Leonardo da Vinci, Italy. Completed in 1506, the Mona Lisa in the painting is said to have been a famous Florentine beauty, who was reserved and depressed. In order to make Mona Lisa smile from the heart, Da Vinci asked the band to play the works of beauty's hometown, which made him smile. And the meaning of this smile has become an incomprehensible mystery in the history of art for hundreds of years. It is often compared to the charming smile of a young woman, or transformed into a mysterious smile.
12
Elysium: Originally an Indian Buddhist term. It is also translated as "Happy Country", "Peaceful Country", "Buddha Country", "Pure Country", "Pure Land", etc., commonly known as "Western Heaven". Elysium is the realm of "all suffering, but all pleasures." The metaphor is the happiest place or the ethereal place.
13
Moat: Statue of an armed deity in ancient Greece as the guardian of the city. People at that time believed that as long as the statue of the guardian deity was still there, the enemy could not break through. The main statues carved are Apollo, the sun god, Aphrodite, the god of love and beauty, and Athena, the goddess of wisdom. It is later transformed into a strong guarantee and pillar.
14
Chivalry: Chivalry was originally the lowest-ranking and most numerous class of feudal aristocrats in Europe during the Middle Ages. Later, through their military service in the cavalry, they obtained the king's or grand lord's caiyi, and their status was greatly improved. Knights often competed in martial arts and made love to women of high society. It became an important theme of literary creation at that time, and there was an enduring "knight legend literature". Later, Europeans often referred to the qualities of advocating martial arts, supporting the weak and suppressing the strong, respecting women, loyal love, and defending honor as "chivalry".
15
Platonic love: The famous ancient Greek philosopher Plato expounded his views on love in the "Drinking Chapter": the lowest form of love is the lover in love "focusing on the beautiful form of the other party" and eager to combine with the other party's flesh, the higher form of love is sublimated from the form of indulging in beauty to the beauty of the form of love, and the highest form of love is the beauty of contemplation, that is, the beauty of the body without feeling. Later, people called the sexually unrelated and idealized mutual admiration between men and women "platonic love".
16
Nirvana: Nirvana is the highest ideal to be attained in all Buddhist practices, and generally refers to a spiritual state attained by stopping the cycle of "birth and death" through practice. Buddhism believes that those who believe in Buddhism, after a long period of "cultivation," are able to "extinguish" all their defilements and "complete" all their "pure merits." This state is called "Nirvana." In Buddhist history books, it is also often used as a synonym for death. Later, people used "nirvana" as a synonym for "death" when writing articles.
17
Sharon: "Sharon" is a transliteration of French. In the 17th century, the ladies and ladies of Paris often turned the living room into a famous social place. The people who come and go here are mostly novelists, poets, painters, dramatists, philosophers and critics, who gather together to compose poems and paintings, or enjoy music, or talk at length. Later, people called this form of gathering "salon". Nowadays, people still often use the term "salon" to describe an activity, such as "literary salon", "music salon" and so on.
18
Round Table: A legend from the ancient British hero King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. The round table does not have the distinction between the chief and the last seat, symbolizing that the knights sitting around the table are on an equal footing. Meetings held around the round table are called "round tables". It expressed the equality of all parties participating in the negotiations.
19
Bone within Bone, Flesh in Flesh: From the Bible. God took a rib from Adam and created the woman Eve and married the two. Adam said, "This is the bone of my bones, the flesh of the flesh, and you can call her a wife, because she took it from her husband." The latter metaphor refers to the relationship between flesh and bone, and also to the results and most beloved things that have consumed a lot of their own efforts and energy.
20
A word number one: A is the first letter of the English language, so it is often used to mean "first". It first appeared in the ship register of the famous Lloyds Maritime Insurance Company in the United Kingdom. All the best ships are registered in the register with "A1"; ships that have sunk are registered in a black-covered book. Later, the best or first-class level was called "A-word number one" and the list that recorded ominous news or was made for some kind of persecution was called a "blacklist".
21
Know Yourself: From Greek Mythology. There is this saying in Ovid's Book of Love: "Apollo said, 'Bring your disciples to my temple, where they can recite the inscription that is world-famous: Mortals, know yourself.' The ancient Greeks believed that "knowing oneself" would lead to wisdom and blessings.
22
Drink the water of the Forgotten River: The Forgotten River is a river in the underworld of Greek mythology. After death, the undead fall into the underworld, as long as they drink the water in this river, they will forget everything in the past, so it is called the Forgotten River. The parable forgets things that should not be forgotten.
23
Lovely Home, Best Home: From Aesop's Fables. Zeus got married and invited all the animals to come. Only the turtle future. Zeus asked him why he hadn't come to the feast. The turtle said, "Home is lovely, home is the best." Zeus was so angry that he punished him for walking in his own house. It means that many people prefer to live in simplicity at home rather than live a luxurious life as a guest.
24
Uneaten grapes are always sour: from Krylov's Fables. The fox saw the ripe grapes, his eyes and teeth were shining, but unfortunately he could not eat them, so he had to say indignantly: "Forget it, although it looks very good, it is actually not ripe!" There is not a single one that is not sour. "Sarcastically, someone who doesn't get something good, just say that it's not good, in order to seek psychological balance."
25
Back to the dilapidated wooden basin: From The Fisherman and the Goldfish. The fisherman catches a talking goldfish, and he puts the goldfish back into the sea, and the goldfish makes a promise to respond to every need. The fisherman's wife forced her husband to keep asking for goldfish until she asked him to be his attendant, and the goldfish could not bear it, and finally withdrew everything she had given to the old woman, and she returned to the original broken wooden basin. The meaning is similar to "bamboo basket hits the water and empty".
26
Where is good, where is the motherland: from the ancient Greek writer Aristophanes's comedy "God of Wealth". The parable is for those who seek profit, even at the expense of turning their backs on the motherland. Also describe people who have no principles.
27
Armed to the teeth: Once upon a time, pirates were rampant along the coast of South America, especially on the north coast. These pirates were unusually fierce, and in addition to holding weapons in both hands, they also bit a knife in their mouths. Hence the allusion. After describing a heavily armed person or a country armed to the limit.
28
Muse: "Muse" is a common name for the nine goddesses of literature and science in Greek mythology. They are the daughters of the main god and the goddess of memory, and both are led by Apollo, the god of music and poetry, who are in charge of history, tragedy, comedy, dance, epic, love poems and astronomy. Because there was a sacred spring of Castalia at the foot of Mount Parnassus, which they often visited, the poets and singers of ancient Greece appealed to the muses for inspiration. Later, when writing articles, people often used the "muse" as a metaphor for literature, writing, and inspiration.
29
Sisyphus: Sisyphus was punished by the gods, who made him push a heavy boulder up the mountain without stopping. When Sisyphus pushed the boulder to the top of the mountain, the stone would roll down the mountain inexorably. Sisyphus repeatedly pushed the stone up the hill. Later used to praise the act of perseverance in doing something never ending.
30
31
Don Gicord: The protagonist of the Spanish writer's novel of the same name. Fascinated by the reading of knight novels, he also wanted to be a knight and do some earth-shattering business, and as a result, he did a series of absurd things. It is a metaphor for those who are divorced from reality and are obsessed with fantasies, so they make wrong judgments and blindly act arbitrarily, which is ridiculous. This kind of human practice is called "Don Quixote-style behavior."
32
Princess Pea: A fairy tale of the same name from Hans Christian Andersen in Denmark. A princess can sense a pea placed under a 20-layer mat and a 20-layer duck down quilt. Satirize those delicate, weak ladies.
33
Faustian figures: Faust originally referred to the learned and magical alchemists of 15th and 16th centuries in Germany. The German poet Goethe composed the long poem Faust. In the poet's pen, Faust overcame the temptation of the devil Morpheus, overcame setbacks, and struggled until the last moment of his life, when he still longed for freedom and survival. A metaphor for a learned, magically proficient, peculiar and insatiable suitor.
34
Ascetics: Originally monks in some Indian religions who used "asceticism" as a means of practice. The word "asceticism" originally means "heat" in Sanskrit, because of the hot climate in India, religious believers use heat as the main means of asceticism. Metaphorically, it is practice.
35
Miss Acid: From the novel "The Happiness of the Little Citizen" by the Russian writer Pomiyarovsky. Short-sighted and spiritually empty "Miss Qianjin" Lenochka, due to the loss of love, has become a worried, painful and sad "Miss Acid". The latter is a metaphor for a pretentious and pretentious woman. It also refers to people who are short-sighted, vulgar in thought, or emotionally fragile and moody.
36
The Man in the Set: From the novel of the same name by the Russian writer Chekov. The petty official Belikov had a strange personality, and he had to wear rain boots, a cotton coat, and an umbrella when he went out on a sunny day. He was afraid of change and did not accept new things. He was like living in a condom, isolated from the world. Therefore, this term has become synonymous with conformism and conformism. People who are afraid of everything new and afraid of change.
37
Superman: From Nietzsche's "What Zarathushtra Says." Nietzsche saw the "superman" as an idealized omnipotent all-rounder representing the ruling class. Parable to the pretentious egoists who are above everything. It also refers to those who are extraordinary in ability and beyond ordinary people. A person who practices self-control and self-discipline in a certain faith, who rejects material and physical temptations, and who endures the oppression of harsh environments.
38
Superfluous Man: From the Russian writer's novel The Diary of a Superfluous Man. A typical example of a Russian aristocratic intellectual in the 19th century. They did not want to go along with the aristocratic high society and pretended to be high. But because they are far from the people and unable to get rid of the aristocratic position, they are mentally weak, emotionally negative, lack the purpose of life, and cannot make a difference. A parable of the idle people who are full of food and have nothing to do.
39
The Runaway Nala: The protagonist of Norwegian dramatist Ibsen's "Doll's House". She was originally a simple-minded young woman who was content with family happiness, but her husband, Helmao, only regarded her as a doll. Later, Nala saw her husband's selfish and despicable nature. After waking up, Nala resolutely left the "Doll's House" in the middle of the night of Christmas. Later, I described women who rebelled against their husbands' family tyranny and pursued their own independent personality and happiness.
40
Robinson and Friday: From Robinson Crusoe. Robinson encountered a storm at sea while traveling to Africa by boat, drifted to an isolated island, lived for 28 years, and developed a spirit of not being disappointed in anything. On a Friday of his 24th year on the isolated island, he rescued a "savage" in the sea and named him "Friday". Three years later, the two fled the island. Robinson returned to England and became a huge rich man. Later, people often used "Robinson and Friday" to criticize those illusions that tried to break away from society.
41
Uncle Sam: During the American-British War of 1812, an honest and competent meat packer in New York State was affectionately known as Uncle Sam. He served as a quartermaster inspector in New York and New Jersey. It happens that Uncle Sam's abbreviation is the same as the American abbreviation (U.S)," so people call the United States "Uncle Sam." Americans regard Uncle Sam's honesty, hard-working, and patriotism as the pride and common qualities of their nation. In 1961, the U.S. Congress officially recognized Uncle Sam as the national symbol of the United States.
42
Sphinx Mystery: The Sphinx is a monster in Greek mythology that kills people with hidden mysteries. His question to Oedipus was that there was a creature that walked on four feet in the morning, two feet in the afternoon, and three feet in the evening. What is it? Oedipus replied that it was "man", and he guessed correctly, and Sphinx jumped off a cliff in shame and fell to his death. Metaphors are complex, mysterious, and difficult to understand problems.
43
Aogias's Bullpen: From Greek Mythology. Augias was the son of the god of the sea, and he raised countless cattle, and the dung piled up like a mountain. Metaphors accumulate into piles or dirty and corrupt intractable problems.
44
Phoenix: A bird in Greek mythology. It is said that the phoenix self-immolated every five hundred years and then recovered from the ashes. Therefore, the phoenix symbolizes eternity and regeneration.
45
The Blidan Donkey: An Fable by the 14th-century French philosopher Blidan. There was a hungry donkey standing between two bundles of the same hay, and he didn't know how to eat the hay over there, and he starved to death. A metaphor for those who are indecisive.
46
Dark Horse: Derived from the slang of the racecourse, it refers to a horse that is inconspicuous in appearance and unexpectedly wins the championship during horse racing, not the coat color of the horse. In 1861 Abraham, who was neither famous nor qualified at the time. Lincoln was elected as the president of the United States for 16 terms, so he was once known as the "dark horse president". Figuratively, people and things whose strength or value is difficult to predict.
47
Crocodile Tears: According to Western legend, the crocodile is very sinister and cunning, and when it traps its prey, it greedily devours it while shedding false tears. Metaphor refers to false tears, disguised sympathy. Later, it is extended to the sinister cunning who hurts others on the one hand and pretends to be miserable and compassionate on the other.
48
Cross: The crucifixion of a person on the cross was a form of torture in the Ancient Roman Empire. Prisoners sentenced to such punishment are required to carry crosses to the execution ground. The Christian Bible says that Jesus was crucified, and later Christianity used it as a marker of faith, called the "image of suffering." To this day, the cross is generally used in Western literature as a metaphor for suffering.
49
The Garden of Eden: From the Bible. God opened a garden in a fertile plain in the East, the Garden of Eden. The garden is full of beautiful fruit trees and all kinds of birds and animals. God sent Adam to guard the garden, and to rule out Adam's loneliness, God took a rib from his body and created a woman, Eve, to accompany him. They eat sweet fruits, wander the woods and meadows, and live a carefree, harmonious and happy life. Future generations used this as a metaphor for paradise.
50
Noah's Ark: From the Bible. God was so grieved by the sins committed by mankind that he decided to destroy them. Because Noah was a righteous man, God commanded him to build a boat to avoid disaster. Later refers to the savior of the age of disaster, or the refuge in danger.
51
The Sword of Damocles: From Greek Historical Legends. Damocles was a favorite of Dionysius, king of Syracuse in the 4th century BC. Dionysius felt his position was unreliable, and once he invited Damocles to a palatial room with a sword hanging from a horse's mane above his seat. Damocles saw that the sword on his head could fall at any moment, and his mood was tense, like a needle felt. Metaphorically, some kind of danger that can occur at any time.
52
Pandora's Box: From Greek Mythology. After Prometheus stole the Heavenly Fire into the human world, Zeus ordered the god to make a woman out of clay and named it "Pandora". And gave her a fill of disaster, greed, disease, war, sorrow... the gift box, and then gave her as a gift to Prometheus's brother. Pandora suddenly opens the box in front of Pu's brother, and disaster, greed, disease, war, sorrow... Quickly spread to the earth, the sky and the ocean. There was only one good thing hidden under the box: hope, but before hope could fly out, Pandora closed the box forever. The parable brings calamity and calamity, or the root cause of the calamity.
53
Trojan Horse: According to ancient Greek legend, the Trojan prince Paris visited Greece and lured Queen Helen, thus the Greeks expeditioned to Troy. After 9 years of siege, in the 10th year, the Greek general Odysseus made a plan to ambush a group of warriors in the belly of a huge wooden horse, put it outside the city, and pretend to retreat. The Trojans, believing that the enemy had retreated, moved the Trojan horse into the city as a trophy. At night, the warriors who were ambushed in the wooden horses jumped out and opened the gates, and the Greek soldiers rushed in and captured the city. Later, the "Trojan Horse" was used as a metaphor for laying ambushes in enemy camps.
54
Aladdin Lamp: From the Arabic folk tale One Thousand and One Nights. Aladdin, the son of a tailor in the Sultanate, was given a lamp, and as soon as the lamp was polished, a troll who claimed to be a slave of the lamp would appear, and it would fulfill any of the master's requirements. The metaphor of something that satisfies all one's wishes.
55
Ivory Tower: Letter to Verman by the 19th-century French poet and critic Saint-Pévey Charlie Augustine. Augustine criticized the pessimistic and negative mood in the works of the French writer Winnie of the same era, advocating that the writer detached from the vulgar bourgeois reality and entered a subjective fantasy of the artistic world, the ivory tower. A metaphor for a dreamland of isolation.
56
Red Cross: War between Sardinia and austrian troops in the 19th century. The Swiss humanitarian Dunant, who witnessed the devastation of the war, proposed the establishment of a neutral field ambulance organization. In 1863 the Geneva Committee for the Care of wounded soldiers was finally established. Since the initiators and members were Swedish, the Swedish flag with a white cross on a red background was changed to a new flag with a red cross on a white background as a symbol. Since then, the Red Cross has become a symbol of neutrality, humanitarianism and life-saving.
57
Sticks and Carrots: From a speech by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in May 1916. In his speech, he quoted an African proverb to illustrate his foreign policy: "Soft language, big stick in hand." "After the metaphor of a policy of combining force intimidation and material inducement.
58
Dominoes: A Western game in which many rectangular dominoes are arranged vertically in rows, and when the first card is gently pushed down, the rest of the dominoes will fall one after the other. When used as a metaphor, the domino effect often refers to a series of chain reactions, that is, one shot and one body.
59
The Body of Dust: From the Bible. Adam and Eve stole the fruit of the tree of good and evil, angered God, and were cast out of the Garden of Eden. God curses: Man must suffer from the torment of the land. Man will reap the fruit from the field to fill his hunger, and the field will be full of thorns and tribulus, and man will have to work all his life, and crops will grow in the field to feed mankind until he returns to the soil; man comes from the soil, which is dust, and returns to dust after death. Therefore, people are often called "dust bodies".
60
Hamlet's Generation: Hamlet is the protagonist of Shakespeare's tragedy of the same name. His father was poisoned by his brother. In order to get revenge, he pretends to be crazy as a cover. However, due to excessive prudence, repeated delays, and finally ended up with jade burning. Metaphor for hesitation,
People who are suspicious, who are slow to act and miss an opportunity to achieve nothing.
▌ Design to express ideas directly,
Thought naturally creates art.
The reason why art can be
The testimony of the self and the most vivid imagination,
It's because
The world of ideas is obscure,
Art, on the other hand, is always clear-cut.
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