From the moment the baby fell to the ground, parents have been fighting on the front line of parenting, hoping to let their children grow up healthily through careful care. However, problems in parenting also followed.
Obesity, myopia, and abnormal curvature of the spine are the three major hidden dangers that endanger the health of children and adolescents on the mainland at present. How to prevent and control these three common diseases, today once to explain clearly.
1. Childhood obesity
Obesity is caused by multiple factors and can be roughly divided into genetic factors and environmental factors. Genetic factors contribute to the incidence of obesity in 40 to 70 per cent.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that causes excessive accumulation of body fat due to energy intake exceeding energy expenditure, resulting in health hazards. According to experts from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the overweight obesity rate of children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 in mainland China is nearly 20%, and the rate of overweight obesity in children under 6 years old is more than 10%. The problem of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents on the mainland needs urgent attention.
Childhood obesity is very harmful, not only may make children suffer from "adult diseases", but also may lead to precocious puberty in girls, sexual retardation in boys, etc., will make children easy to listless, drowsy, easy to fatigue, lack of concentration, thereby affecting learning efficiency, especially obesity will also affect children's self-confidence. Therefore, it is urgent to reduce the weight of the "little fat mound".
In fact, obesity has a common formula for children:
Children 7 to 12 months:
Standard weight (kg) = birth weight (kg) + monthly age ×0.6:
Children from 1 to 6 months:
Standard weight (kg) = birth weight (kg) + monthly age ×0.5:
Children over one year old:
Standard body weight (kg) = 8 kg + age ×2:
(Measured weight/standard weight -1) × 100%, if more than 10% of the standard body weight, it can be considered overweight, once it exceeds 20%, it is obese.
The degree of obesity in children can be divided into three levels:
20% to 29% of the standard body weight of a normal child: children with mild obesity;
30% to 49% of the standard body weight of children who weigh more than normal: children with moderate obesity;
More than 50% of the standard body weight of a normal child: a child with severe obesity.
Children's weight loss must pay attention to a reasonable diet structure, parents help children develop the eating habit of chewing and swallowing slowly, cooking at home, less oil and less salt, you can appropriately add grains to the staple food to promote digestion. Ensure that your child consumes protein, fat, carbohydrates and other nutrients in a balanced manner every day, so that the intake is slightly less than the consumption. Try to avoid high-calorie foods such as sweet drinks such as carbonated drinks, cakes, and fried chicken.
Secondly, proper exercise is the healthiest way to lose weight, so that children can go outdoors, you can climb the mountain together as a family, walk after meals, etc., as long as it is outdoor activities, children like what to take children to play. Exposing your child to more sunlight not only strengthens resistance, but also promotes the absorption of vitamin D and helps your child grow up. It should be noted that weight loss is a long-term job, do not go into the wrong area, let the child be thin, should be gradual.
2. Myopia problems in children
According to the 2018 survey data of the National Health and Health Commission, the proportion of myopia in primary school students in mainland China is 45.7%, the proportion of myopia in junior high school students is 74.4%, and the proportion of high school students has risen sharply to 83.3%.
How to find out if your child's eyes are myopic as early as possible?
Look at the distance blurry (can't see the words on the blackboard, or complain that the light in the room is too dim); when looking at the distance, often squint, frown or pull the corners of the eyes; frequently blink or rub the eyes; often tilt your head to look at objects; read books and look at things, the eyes are close together. When your child has the above symptoms, go to the hospital for examination in time to avoid missing the best treatment time.
Once true myopia is diagnosed, can it be recovered?
From the principle of myopia, myopia is irreversible under the current medical technology conditions! Children and adolescents who have been diagnosed with myopia are mostly due to abnormal curvature of refractive interstitials, and most of them are due to axial myopia caused by the lengthening of the eye axis. Just as a child's height does not become shorter, the eye axis will not shorten when it becomes longer.
The "Technical Specifications for Children's Eye and Vision Care" issued by the Health Commission pointed out that healthy children should undergo the first eye disease screening 28 to 30 days after birth, and then check their eyes at 3, 6, 12 months of age and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 years old.
3. Scoliosis in children
You read that right! Scoliosis in children is already the third killer after obesity and myopia!
It is estimated that the incidence of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in mainland China is 1%-3%, and the number of scoliosis has exceeded 5 million, and it is increasing at a rate of about 300,000 per year.
If you find that your child has "high and low shoulders", "chest", "razor back" and other conditions, it must be taken seriously, which may be a red flag from scoliosis.
"Scoliosis Six-Step Screening"
The specific method is as follows, let the child take off the shirt, stand barefoot naturally, and the parent observes directly behind the child.
Step 1: Equal height on both shoulders
See if the child's shoulders are of equal height;
Step 2: No bulges in the shoulder blades
Touch the shoulder blade on the child's back with your hand, whether one side of the shoulder blade is raised backwards;
Step 3: Isometric elevation of the lower end of the scapula
Touch the shoulder blade on the child's back with your hand to see if the lowest end of the two shoulder blades is of equal height;
Step 4: Bilateral dorsal symmetry
Touch and compare whether the child's bilateral back is raised and symmetrical;
Step 5: Waist symmetry
Observe and touch and compare whether the child's waist is raised and symmetrical;
Step 6: Normal straight line
Use your middle and forefingers to pinch the spinal spinous process from top to bottom to see if you can draw a normal straight line.
Recommendations for stages of spinal development in children
1. In infants and young children, learning to walk too early is not a clear choice, and you should climb more and walk late.
2. At the age of 6 to 7 years old, the curvature of the spine is basically developed and formed, and the surrounding muscles and ligaments are gradually stabilizing, so it is necessary to pay attention to whether the child's daily posture is correct, such as standing, walking, sitting and so on.
3. Around the age of 10 is the second peak period of the child's spinal growth and development, pay attention to supplementing the child's nutrition and strengthening physical exercise.
The growth of your baby is a natural process, but in this process, you may encounter a lot of confusion. So what other "little problems" do your baby have that make you feel worried or anxious? Welcome to leave a message to discuss together.