The benefits of getting a flu vaccine can far outweigh expectations
According to the "National Third Cause of Death Review Sample Survey Report", cerebrovascular disease has now jumped to the top of the causes of death in the country, of which stroke is the disease with the highest disability rate of single disease1.
What many people don't know is that influenza is also one of the high risk factors for stroke. A seemingly ordinary flu may be the fuse of a stroke. Therefore, the prevention of influenza is also equivalent to the prevention of stroke at the same time.
Influenza virus infection may be the trigger for stroke,
Stroke outcomes may also be exacerbated
Influenza virus infection can trigger stroke. A self-controlled case series in Scotland, which included 762 patients with new stroke and 1227 new-onset myocardial infarction following laboratory-confirmed bacterial or viral infections from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2014, aimed to quantify the association between laboratory-confirmed respiratory bacterial or viral infections and new-onset stroke and myocardial infarction.
The results showed that the risk of the first stroke attack increased by 7.82 times (95% CI: 1.07-56.9, P=0.042) within 1-3 days after influenza infection2.
Influenza virus infection increases the risk of first stroke attack2
A recent US study showed that hospitalizations for influenza-like illness were significantly associated with an increased incidence of ischemic stroke. The study cross-analyzed cases from the 2012-2014 New York Statewide Planning and Research Collaboration system to estimate the odds of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction following influenza-like illness. Results Showed a 39% increase in the incidence of ischemic stroke due to hospitalization for influenza-like illness in the first 15 days (OR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.09-1.77; P69% (OR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.56-1.83; P3).
Influenza may also exacerbate stroke outcomes. A basic study in which mice infected with the HIN1 virus and blocked middle cerebral arteries induced ischemic stroke, histological measurement of infarction volume and intracerebral hemorrhage was designed to assess the effect of H1N1 infection on the outcome of ischemic stroke in mice. The results showed that the volume of infarction in stroke in mice after H1N1 infection increased4.
Influenza vaccination reduces the risk of new stroke, re-stroke, and any stroke. A meta-analysis of 11 studies investigating the effects of influenza vaccination on subsequent stroke risk was designed to determine whether influenza vaccination prevented stroke. Results Showed that influenza vaccination significantly reduced the risk of stroke (OR=0.82; 95% CI: 0.75-0.91; P. Influenza vaccination was shown in four studies to reduce the risk of new stroke (OR=0.81; 95% CI: 0.78-0.85), three studies showed influenza vaccination to reduce the risk of recurrence stroke (OR=0.75; 95% CI: 0.70-1.01), and seven studies showed that influenza vaccination reduced the risk of any stroke (OR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.59-0.90)5.
Influenza vaccination reduces the risk of stroke5
Influenza vaccination reduces the risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke, and the risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke decreases significantly with the increase in influenza vaccinations. A population-based case-control study in Taiwan, which included 520 hospitalized patients aged 65 years of age with ischemic stroke and 2600 matched controls in the 2006-2009 influenza season, aimed to study the effect of influenza vaccination on the risk of hospitalization in ischemic stroke. The results showed that influenza vaccination reduced the risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke in older adults and provided more protection each year6.
Influenza vaccination reduces the risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke6
Influenza vaccination also significantly reduces the risk of death from stroke. One study included 102698 elderly people over the age of 65, divided into influenza vaccine groups (n=35637) and unvaccinated influenza vaccine groups (n=67061) to investigate whether influenza vaccines were effective in reducing the risk of death from major causes. Results showed that influenza vaccination significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.52-0.60, P7).
Influenza vaccination reduces the risk of death from stroke7
Guidelines recommend: Get the flu vaccine every year
It is effective in reducing the risk of stroke in patients with stroke
In summary, influenza vaccination can not only prevent influenza, but also effectively reduce the risk of stroke, which is really a double win! So this year's flu vaccine, did you get it? If you haven't already done so, please visit the nearest community health service center as soon as possible to make an appointment and get vaccinated!
bibliography:
1. National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Guidelines for Stroke Prevention and Treatment in China (2021 Edition).
2. Charlotte Warren-Gash, et al. Laboratory-confirmed respiratory infections as triggers for acute myocardial infarction and stroke: a self-controlled case series analysis of national linked datasets from Scotland. Eur Respir J. 2018 Mar 29;51(3):1701794.
3. Erin R Kulick, et al. Risk of stroke and myocardial infarction after influenza-like illness in New York State. BMC Public Health. 2021 May 5;21(1):864.
4. Sajjad Muhammad, et al. Influenza virus infection aggravates stroke outcome. Stroke. 2011 Mar;42(3):783-91.
5. Kyu Rae Lee, et al. Effect of Influenza Vaccination on Risk of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuroepidemiology. 2017;48(3-4):103-110.
6. Hui-Chen Lin, et al. Association of influenza vaccination and reduced risk of stroke hospitalization among the elderly: a population-based case-control study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Apr 2;11(4):3639-49.
7. Chong-Shan Wang, et al. Impact of influenza vaccination on major cause-specific mortality. Vaccine. 2007 Jan 26;25(7):1196-203.
8. James F Meschia, et al. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Dec;45(12):3754-832.
*This information is for medical and scientific reference only and does not constitute a recommendation or promotion of any drug or treatment regimen. The information contained in this article should not be a substitute for medical advice provided by healthcare professionals.
Approval Number: MAT-CN-2202147 Expiration Date: 2/22/2023
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