China Times (www.chinatimes.net.cn) reporter Xu Yunqian and trainee reporter Cheng Kuo reported in Beijing
What the people want, what the government discusses, and the protection and improvement of the people's livelihood is related to the vital interests of the people.
On March 5, the Fifth Session of the 13th National People's Congress was held in Beijing, and Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council pointed out in the government work report that the people's living standards will steadily improve in 2021; the per capita disposable income of residents will increase by 8.1%; the achievements in poverty alleviation will be consolidated and expanded; the guarantee of basic old-age care, basic medical care, and social assistance will be strengthened; new steps will be taken in the reform and development of education; and 56,000 old urban communities will be newly renovated, benefiting nearly 10 million families.
This year's government work report deploys the 2022 people's livelihood security work - effectively guarantee and improve people's livelihood, strengthen and innovate social governance; adhere to the best efforts, do what is right, continuously improve the level of public services, and focus on solving the people's livelihood problems that the people are generally concerned about.
"Do your best and do what you can" is the tone
"Do your best and do what you can" has become the keynote of this year's work to ensure and improve people's livelihood.
These 8 words are very crucial in the eyes of Yuan Shuai, deputy secretary general of the Rural Revitalization and Construction Commission.
He said that "doing our best" means that in accordance with the principles and policy needs of national economic development, we should give as much inclination and support as possible to the work of guaranteeing people's livelihood, so that the people can get more benefits from economic development; "doing what is within our ability" means scientific planning, overall planning, orderliness, integration of resources, and steady and sustainable advancement in the attitude of being responsible for the long-term and fundamental interests of the masses.
Meng Lilian, chief expert of Sichuan Tianfu Health Industry Research Institute, believes that "doing our best" is driven by the purpose, "doing what we can" is the core of implementation; "doing our best" is the overall requirement, and "doing what we can" is the principle of implementation.
He explained that the people's livelihood work involves a wide range of aspects, it is impossible to put it in place in one step, nor can it be achieved overnight; it should be done in accordance with the priority order of priority, first of all, the urgent and difficult things with universal urgency should be done well and done in a down-to-earth manner; after solving the work of supporting the bottom or the bottom, and then in accordance with the principle of easy work first and difficult (difficult to carry out work and difficult to implement), finally tackle tough problems.
In this year's government report, the risks and challenges facing the mainland's development have increased significantly, and it is necessary to climb the steep slope.
Yang Haiping, a researcher at the Securities and Futures Research Institute of the Central University of Finance and Economics, believes that under the triple pressure of demand contraction, supply shock, and expected weakening, there are more difficulties in employment and people's livelihood, and monetary policy, fiscal policy, employment policy, and social security policy should be taken as the starting point and focus; the setting of the expected target for economic growth this year also mainly considers the need to stabilize employment, ensure people's livelihood, and prevent risks.
"Doing what we can in terms of people's livelihood is for our financial resources." Yang Haiping said, "The deficit rate in 2022 is planned to be arranged at about 2.8%, which is lower than last year. In this case, it is necessary to implement the people's livelihood project according to our ability, improve the efficiency of capital utilization, stimulate economic vitality through innovative policies and innovative means, and achieve the goal of people's livelihood. Avoid deviating from the actual chaos and forming new risks and problems. ”
He also said that in terms of people's livelihood, "doing our best and doing what we can" is in line with the general tone of the work of "steady words and steady progress", and is in line with the overall requirements and policy orientation of government work in 2022.
New deployment of education, medical insurance, social security, and housing
Education, medical insurance, social security, and housing have always been important areas of people's livelihood, and this year has also made corresponding adjustments and deployments.
In the 2021 government work report, it is proposed to develop more equitable and higher quality education. This year, from "development" to "promotion", promoting educational equity and quality improvement has become one of the key tasks this year.
This year's government work report proposes to continue to do a good job in reducing the burden on the compulsory education stage; fully implement the salary and treatment of compulsory education teachers, strengthen the targeted training, on-the-job training and treatment guarantee of rural teachers; increase inclusive preschool education resources through multiple channels; run special education and continuing education well, and standardize the development of private education.
Medical service security has also changed from "promoting the construction of health care system" to "improving medical and health service capabilities" in 2021.
This year, we will continue to raise medical insurance subsidies, and the per capita financial subsidy standards for resident medical insurance and basic public health service funds will be increased by 30 yuan and 5 yuan respectively, so as to promote the overall planning of basic medical insurance at the provincial level.
On the other hand, a number of measures to reduce expenditure, promote the centralized procurement of drugs and high-value medical consumables, ensure production and supply; improve the direct settlement method for medical treatment in different places across provinces, and realize the basic unification of the scope of medical insurance use nationwide; deepen the reform of medical insurance payment methods, strengthen the supervision of medical insurance funds; standardize medical institution fees and services, continue to help medical institutions that are trapped due to the epidemic, and make up for the shortcomings of services such as gynecology and children's medicine, mental health, and geriatrics.
The government work report also proposes to focus on promoting hierarchical diagnosis and treatment and optimizing the order of medical treatment, accelerate the construction of national and provincial regional medical centers, promote the extension of high-quality medical resources to cities and counties, improve the ability of grass-roots disease prevention and treatment, and enable the masses to get better medical services nearby.
At the same time, old-age care has always been a key area to ensure people's livelihood.
In order to further solve the problem of old-age childcare, the government work report proposes to optimize the supply of urban and rural old-age services, support social forces to provide day care, meal assistance, rehabilitation nursing and other services, encourage the development of rural mutual assistance old-age services, and promote the high-quality development of the aging cause and industry; improve the supporting measures of the three-child birth policy, include infant and child care expenses under 3 years old in the special additional deduction of personal income tax, develop inclusive childcare services, and reduce the burden of family parenting.
At the same time, we will steadily implement the national overall planning of the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, appropriately raise the basic pension standards for retirees and the basic pension for urban and rural residents, and ensure that they are paid in full and on time; continue to standardize the development of the third pillar endowment insurance; and accelerate the promotion of provincial-level overall planning of work injury and unemployment insurance.
It will also strengthen the work of guaranteeing the people's livelihood and the relief of the people in distress, and strive to ensure that all guarantees should be guaranteed and all assistance should be provided.
In terms of housing security, in 2022, we will continue to insist on the positioning that houses are used to live, not to speculate. Explore new development models, adhere to the combination of rent and purchase, accelerate the development of the long-term rental housing market, promote the construction of affordable housing, support the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers, stabilize land prices, stabilize housing prices, and stabilize expectations, and promote the virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry because of the city's policies.