"The east wind is full of sogo, and the incense mist is empty of the moon corridor." I was afraid of going to sleep late at night, so I burned a high candle to illuminate the red makeup. "The poems of Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty are full of the poet's obsession and preference for begonias.
In addition to poetry, there is no shortage of famous paintings on the theme of begonias in the history of art, such as the folded branches of the Song Dynasty Lin Chun, or blooming, or containing buds, the color of the flowers, delicate and lovely; the folded branches of the Ming Dynasty Zhou Zhiguan, or sketching, or smearing, the flowers and leaves, bright and elegant; the begonias in the Qing Dynasty Hua Lun's pen are rich and moist in color, and the picture is full of the spring atmosphere of flowers and birds.
On the occasion of the march of Jiangnan, the first season of smoke and rain of begonias, the "Forbidden City Flower Letter" launched by The Paper, Ancient Art, hereby combs the begonias in the calligraphy and paintings and arts and crafts of the past to entertain readers.
Begonias in the light rain Surging news Figure
Song Lin Chun 《Sketch Begonia》
Song Lin Chun "Sketching Begonias", collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Lin Chun, year of birth and death unknown. A native of Qiantang (present-day Hangzhou), Zhejiang. During the Southern Song Dynasty (1174-1189), emperor Xiaozong chunxi of the Southern Song Dynasty served as a painter in the academy, painting flowers and plants, feathers, melons and fruits, with a light color and a good business.
This painting is selected from the "Song and Yuan Collection Painting" album, painting a branch of a folded begonia, or blooming, or containing buds. The color of the flowers, with white powder as the base, covered with rouge, delicate and lovely.
Song Zhao Chang 《Begonia Wax》
Song Zhao Chang ,"Begonia Wax", Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
This painting is selected from the "Tang, Song and Yuan Painting Collection" volume, and there is the Qing Gaozong Xingshu: green leaves and red flowers are not thick, and the flying wax mouth occupies the branches. If the flying plant is interesting, the color and sound are both soft. Every time the body is exposed, the gods should be harvested in the wind. Smelling like a vigorous aroma, I was surprised to be a portrait of Jiading Prefecture.
Song Ren "Begonia Butterfly Diagram" page
Song Ren "Begonia Butterfly Diagram" page Collection of the Palace Museum
In the spring of March, butterflies dance among the branches of begonia flowers. The painter focuses on the dynamic moment when the begonias are spreading in the spring breeze, the flowers are leaning back, the leaves are rolled up, and the branches are in an "S" shaped curved state, and by depicting the tangible flowers and leaves, they successfully render the invisible intoxicating spring wind and the eternal spring meaning. In the picture, the petals are first outlined with an ink pen double hook, and the center is sharp, and the lines are rounded and smooth. Then a little carmine is added to the upper part of the outer part of the petals, and then the color is smudged with water, and finally a layer of white powder is covered, adding a few feminine charms to the bright tone of the begonia flowers. The leaves are performed by the double hook filling brushwork of the whole, and the author fills in and dyes the colors of stone green and ink ochre according to the different degrees of illumination of the leaves, thus fully revealing the beauty of the leaves "clear as water, clean as frost", showing the painter's meticulous observation and profound realistic skills.
Song Ren "Hundred Flowers" volume
Song Ren "Hundred Flowers" volume (partial begonia) Collection of the Palace Museum
The Tang Dynasty poet Wu Rong's poem "Folding Branches" wrote: "It is not that there is no root, and the painting work takes the momentum to teach the fold." "What is said is the beauty of the folded branches. The composition of this volume of "Hundred Flowers" is taken in the form of "folded branches and flowers", and the most characteristic parts of natural flowers are taken into the painting, which is more delicate and moving than the overall depiction.
The flowers and birds on the screen are interspersed with nature, and there is no far-fetched patchwork. It is also dotted with bees, mosquitoes, dragonflies, butterflies, swimming fish, frogs and the like, which seems to be full of business. The whole volume is pure ink, but also white painting flowers, in addition to the plum blossom at the beginning of the volume is similar to Yang Wuwei's painting method with a slight freehand brush, the others are all written with ink penman, using ink instead of color, and outlining ink dyeing and white painting, and integrating the boneless painting method, reflecting the precise and meticulous painting style of Song Gong pen flowers and birds. It also replaces the gorgeous color with simple ink, showing a light and elegant interest. The end of the courtyard body breaks through the time and space limitations of traditional flower and bird painting and presents a new look. This technique had a certain influence on the ink pen flowers of Qian Xuan, Wang Yuan, and Zhao Zheng in the Yuan Dynasty, as well as the ink flowers of later literati.
Yuan Qianxuan "Eight Flowers Diagram" volume
Yuan Qianxuan "Eight Flowers" volume (partial begonia) Collection of the Palace Museum
This volume depicts eight kinds of flowers, including begonias, pear blossoms, apricot blossoms, daffodils, peach blossoms, and peonies, each of which is relatively independent and becomes a whole. The 8 kinds of flowers have their own postures, leaning back to the back without any similarity, the pen is soft and vigorous, meticulous, the color is elegant, the thickness and lightness are appropriate, the whole painting is fine and not lagging on the board, delicate and not delicate. In the lower right corner of this painting, the "Shunju" is printed on the side, and at the end of the drag there is an inscription of Zhao Mengfu of the Yuan Dynasty: "Right Wu Xingqian chose the eight flowers painted by Shunju, although the style is similar to that of the body, and Fu Sezi is particularly unattainable." Er came here to drink heavily, and his fingers trembled and it was difficult to do this again. And the township descendants imitate it, and there are drawbacks of the owner's heart, then this volume can be cherished. By September 4 of the 26th year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu of the same county. ”
Yuan Wang Yuan,Haitang Mountain Bird volume
Yuan Wang Yuan, "Begonia Mountain Bird", volume, Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Wang Yuan (13th century - mid-14th century AD), character Ruoshui, trumpet Xuan, Hulin Yishi, Qiantang (now Hangzhou) life and death year unknown work in flowers and birds, figures, landscapes 1328-1330 (calendar) years, with Tang Di in Nanjing Longxiang Temple had painted murals, especially fine with flowers and birds, can be called the Yuan Dynasty painting fancy bird giant. Wang Ruoshui's flower and bird paintings, first of all, are heavy colors, specializing in huangquan style painting, and in middle age, they are exquisite and beautiful brushstrokes, but the works circulated are extremely rare.
Ming Chen Chun 《Painting Flower Album 〈Begonia〉》
Ming Chen Chun "Painting Flower Album "Begonia", Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Chen Chun, (1482-1539), a native of Changzhou (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu). Character Road Fu, followed by character lines, more characters Fufu, number Baiyang, also known as Baiyang Shanren. Some of his works, which are simple and simple, can be seen under the influence of Shen Zhou's painting method, and the style and brush can be seen from his existing works, which can be opened and received. In the history of painting, Chen Chun and Xu Wei are called "Baiyang and Qingteng", and Chen Chun's paintings belong to the literati Junya All the Way, that is, the "Baiyang" school of painters.
This painting has emperor Gaozong's book: Jade Jin Que Penglai. Still remember the small words in the world. It is no incense letter. Idiots say hate abyss.
Ming Zhou's Crown Volume of Hundred Flowers
Ming Zhou Zhimian "Hundred Flowers" volume (partial begonia) Collection of the Palace Museum
It is the picture of the author's own knowledge: "Wanli Nongyin (1602) autumn day written, Ru'nan Zhou's crown." "It is the late work of the Crown of Zhou." The figure depicts the flowers of the four seasons, with begonias as folded branches. The painter transformed the freehand landscape brush and ink of the Wu school into the modeling language of flower and bird painting, forming the Gou Hua Dot Leaf School. The painter sketches or smears flowers, leaves and branches in a freehand way, revealing the brightness and elegance at will, reflecting the indifferent chest of the literati painter.
Ming Luzhi "Painting Begonias" album
Ming Luzhi "Painting Begonias" album Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Rikuji was born in the ninth year of Akihiroji (1496). Ancestors of Kaifeng, Henan. Grandfather Lu Ding, who came to Wumen in exile, lived in Baoshan Mountain. Father Lu Ming, the word Ruxin, the number of bamboo. Lu Zhihao is good at poetry and ancient words, good deeds, Kai, and especially heart painting. He studied poetry, calligraphy and painting from Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, and Shen Zhou. Its study in Danqing is surprising in its chest, and it is a good name for a while, and it is almost the same as Wen Li. Gong Sketch xu and huang will. Dot dye flowers, birds and bamboo stones, often made in heaven. Influenced by the Wumen sect, the landscape also draws on the length of the Song Dynasty courtyard and the green landscape, with a strong brush, the scenery is strange and dangerous, the artistic conception is clear, and it has its own style, which has a certain novelty among the Wumen sect painters, and attaches equal importance to Chen Chun. This painting folds a branch of begonias, and the color is rich and elegant, and it has the meaning of the literati.
Ming Chen Li "Begonia" axis
Ming Chen Li "Begonia" axis Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Chen Li, son of Chen Chun. Good at painting flowers, the pen resembles his father. Alcoholics and promiscuous. Painting is good at flowers, birds, landscapes, followed by its own law, but also out of his own mind. Before the death of his father, since the founding of the Literati Painting of the Yuan Dynasty into the painting, Xu Wei and Chen Daofu of the Ming Dynasty have taken a step forward in the freehand painting method of indulging their handwriting in flowers and birds, and Chen Li, the son of Daofu, has played this kind of writing method that is not limited to the image to the extreme on the basis of his father.
Ming Chen Li "Begonia" axis (partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
The front side of this painting depicts the green dot moss of Taihu stone, the begonia flowers and trees stretch freely upwards from behind the lake stone, and the flowers are either budding to be released, or blooming brilliantly, and the pen is free and interesting.
Late Ming dynasty to Qing jade begonia wash
Late Ming Dynasty to Qing Jade Begonia Wash Taipei National Palace Museum collection
With the jade carved begonia flower as the center, from the bottom it looks like a folded branch flower, the carved old stem and the branches and leaves of the flower are wound up and down, coiled into a vessel, and the vessel is made into a four-petal begonia flower, and is dotted with bees, cicadas and dragonflies.
Qinghua Song "Begonia Bird and Rabbit Diagram" axis
Qinghua Song "Begonia Bird and Rabbit Diagram" Axis Collection of the Palace Museum
Hua Song's flower and bird paintings enrich the traditional aesthetic taste of "Huang Jia Fu Gui, Xu Xi Ye Yi", and convey the true feelings in the creation, so that the works have rich feelings and personalities, and have the characteristics of elegant and popular appreciation. This picture is a masterpiece of his later years, and the painter uses anthropomorphic techniques to vividly express the parrot's uncontrollable joy and the timid and curious look of the black rabbit. In terms of painting method, Hua Kun started from yunshou's plain and elegant boneless flowers, dabbled in various families, and formed a distinct personal style.
Qinghua Song "Begonia Bird and Rabbit Diagram" Axis (Partial) Collection of the Palace Museum
The structure of this figure is novel, and the brushwork combines the delicate craftsmanship of the Song artificial pen flowers and birds with the beautiful washing of the freehand flowers and birds, and the color is lively. Begonia is dyed with rouge and white powder, the color of the leaves is stone blue, stone green, and there are large leaves with slight white and yellow in between, the color is rich and wet, the ink color of the black rabbit is more subtle and rich, and the soft and loose texture is shown between the thick and light, and the warm tone of the trees and flowers is harmoniously unified, so that the whole picture is filled with the early spring atmosphere of flowers and birds.
Qing YunZhu "Begonia Butterfly Diagram" fan page
Qing Yunzhu "Begonia Butterfly Diagram" Fan page Collection of the Palace Museum
Yun Zhu (1771-1833) character Xinglian, a character Zhenpu, the late name Ronghu Daoren, also known as Ronghu Sanren, self-proclaimed Biling Female History, Qing Dynasty Jiangsu Wujin (now Changzhou) people. Granddaughter of the Yun Shouping clan, daughter of Feixiang Dian Shi Yuxiu, wife of Yan Tinglu, the prefect of Tai'an, Manchuria, who can write poetry and paint well, and has the "absolute" eye in the boudoir. This painting is a sketch of flowers and butterflies, which depicts a romantic field scene in a diagonal composition. The flowers and butterflies in the picture are vividly dyed, the picture is simple and exquisite, and the colors are vivid and bright, which has the sketching style of Yun Nantian.
Qing Jiang Tingxi, "Painting Flower Album "Begonia""
Qing Dynasty Jiang Tingxi "Painting Flower Album "Begonia", Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Jiang Tingxi (1669-1732), also known as Youjun and Yangsun, Nansha and Xigu, also known as Qingtong Jushi, was a native of Changshu, Jiangsu, an official, painter, philologist and bibliophile during the Kangxi and Yongzheng periods of the Qing Dynasty. Brother of Jiang Chenxi, governor of Yungui. Jiang Tingxi was a kangxi forty-second year (1703) jinshi and taught Hanlin editing. After the Yongzheng Emperor ascended the throne, he successively served as a waiter in the Ceremonial Department and a Shangshu in hubu. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), he was a scholar of Wenhuadian University, and still served as the secretary of the household department and served as the president of the Ming History. The following year (1729), he was crown prince. Accumulate a first-class Adahahafan. Yongzheng died in office in 1732, with the nickname "Wensu".
Jiang Tingxi had a great reputation for taking care of the government and eliminating accumulated shortcomings in the official and impartial government. Erudite and sensitive, especially good at poetry and painting. Good at flowers and birds, sketching with yi pen, odd positive rate work, color smudge ink, and one painting. This painting folds the branches of begonias, natural harmony, the wind god is vivid, and the charm of Yun Shou Ping is noted.
Qing "Imperial Poetry Silk Begonia" axis
Qing Dynasty "Imperial Poetry Silk Begonia" Axis (Partial) Collection of the National Palace Museum, Taipei
This silk painting has the imperial poem of Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty: Soft Posture And Self-Pity, Mu Yu Xiaxia Painting Before the Threshold. Just like the Tang Palace DouChun color, Jiang Mei opened the begonia Yan.
Clear red begonia pattern brick box
Qing Dynasty Late 17th century to early 18th century Red begonia pattern brick box Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
The box is specially made according to the shape of the stone, and the stone is a nearly rectangular stone, and the back of the stone has the inscription of the Song Dynasty Kangxi Hedi (1699). The inside of the box is black lacquered, the tire weight, and the decoration of the brick body and the brick lid are the same, only the left and right are opposite.
The lower left side of the picture is a triangular ground, a small hill in front of and behind, a row of small stones in front, the ground is a diagonal checkered brocade, the upper edge is carved with contour lines, and two begonias grow in front. The space is folded back to the brocade, the slightly drooping curved branches of The plum begonia are high and low, the leaves are densely arranged but not complicated, from large to small, and the top is full of flowers and buds, and the picture is blank in many places, and the posture is restrained. The paint color is dark, the paint is hard, the paint layer is thin, the leaf surface is undulating, the inner surface of the petals is concave, and the surface is carefully polished, deliberately showing the pattern of the paint layer, which is distinctive.
Count the begonia head flowers
Inventory of the emerald begonia pattern head flower Collection of the Palace Museum
The head flower is made of silver gilded material as a base support, and it is inlaid with dots of emerald, and jade is made into a begonia flower-shaped decoration.
Diancui is an ancient traditional craft on the mainland, which is made by pasting the feathers of a kingfisher on a metal base made of gold and silver. Because the feathers are soft and the colors last for a long time, the dots of ornaments that have been around for hundreds of years will still be as bright as ever. This dotted begonia pattern head flower is made of jade blue bird feathers, and the begonia flowers made of white jade are set off, highlighting elegance in simplicity and having a unique charm in the ordinary, which should be a headdress favored by the concubines of the Qing Dynasty court.
(The content of this article is compiled from the relevant materials of the National Palace Museum and the National Palace Museum in Taipei.) ）