Gong Lijiao
In ancient times, human beings were still relatively weak in the face of nature. To survive, our ancestors had to learn to run, jump obstacles, throw rocks, and use a variety of hunting tools. With the development of society, people consciously walk, run, jump, and throw as practice and competition forms. After continuous development, the current athletics sport has been formed.
1
According to records, athletics is reflected in ancient Egyptian frescoes from 3500 BC.
Egyptian frescoes
The athletics competition originated in the ancient Olympic Games of ancient Greece, and in 776 BC, the first ancient Olympic Games were held in the Olympic Village of Greece.
At that time, there was only one event, that is, short distance racing, the track was a straight track, 192.27 meters long.
It was not until the 10th Olympic Games in 708 BC that it was officially included in the long jump, discus, javelin and other athletics.
At that time, only men were allowed to participate, and women were not even allowed to watch, and violators were punished by death.
Since then, athletics has been one of the official disciplines.
In 490 BC, legend has it that the Greek soldier Filippidis ran from the city of Marathon to the city of Athens, spanning about 40 kilometers, in order to report the good news that the Greek army had defeated the Persian army.
When running to Athens, Filippidis died of exhaustion.
In order to commemorate him, his descendants founded the marathon running competition.
2
In 1894, the modern Olympic Organization was established in Paris, France.
In 1896, Greece hosted the first modern Olympic Games, in which the events of race walking, running, jumping and throwing in athletics were listed as official competitions.
In 1912, the International Association of Athletics Federations was founded in Stockholm, Sweden.
In 1928, at the Ninth Olympic Games in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, women's track and field competitions were added for the first time, when 95 female track and field athletes competed.
In 1964, the minimum unit of calculation for fully automatic electronic timekeeping reached 0.1 seconds.
Italy's Dolando Pitri hit the line
In 1968, American Jim Hines became the first athlete in history to reach the 10-second mark in the 100-meter mark.
Dick Fossberg revolutionized the creation of a new high jump pose, "Fossberg Jump" (back-up high jump).
The jumping horizontal high jump technology has been replaced around the world in just 2-3 years, and synthetic plastic tracks have been used for the first time in international competitions.
The quadrennial Olympic Games are the driving force behind the continuous improvement of athletics performance and the improvement of training methods.
Many outstanding track and field athletes have trained hard, and their advanced techniques and training methods have been promoted around the world through the Olympic Games.
This has played a new role in the technology and training methods of athletics, which has promoted the continuous development of athletics around the world.
03
Modern athletics was introduced to China in the 19th century.
In 1890, St. John's College in Shanghai held a school sports meeting with athletics as the main event.
In 1902, Tianjin held the first joint games, with athletics as the main competition, and Shanghai held the first International Race Walking Competition.
In 1919, athletics was officially launched in school physical education classes.
In 1925, 29 Chinese track and field athletes participated in the 7th Far East Games held in the Philippines.
In 1930, the Fourth National Games of old China was held in Hangzhou, and women's track and field was established this year.
In 1935, the "All-China Sports Association" trained Chinese athletes (including track and field athletes) who were preparing to participate in the 11th Olympic Games.
In 1978, the Chinese Athletics Association joined the World Athletics Federation.
04
With the development of the economy and social progress, the athletics industry in the mainland is also developing.
Group photo of the Heilongjiang athletics team of the first National Games
In recent years, a number of outstanding track and field athletes have emerged to add glory to the country.
In 1993, Wang Junxia won the gold medal in the 10,000 meters at the World Athletics Championships with a time of 30 minutes 49.30 seconds, setting a world championship record.
"Flyer" Liu Xiang is the first athlete in the history of Chinese sports athletics and the history of Asian athletics to combine the olympic games, indoor and outdoor world championships, the IAAF Grand Prix finals champion and world record holder.
And Hebei girl Gong Lijiao, can be said to be the first person in China in the athletics throwing event, she won the women's shot put championship at the 2017 London Athletics World Championships and the women's shot put championship at the 2019 World Championships in Athletics.
On August 1, 2021, in the women's shot put final in athletics at the Tokyo Olympic Games, Gong Lijiao won the championship with a personal best performance of 20 meters 58.
Whether it is the height of the peak or the length of the peak, Gong Lijiao is an extremely rare and powerful role in the history of world athletics.
The image comes from the Internet
Text: New Media Center
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Organizer: Hebei Provincial Sports Bureau
Producer: Guo Lijun
Editor's proofreading: He Wanxuan