Speaking of Ai Xin Jue Luo Puyi, everyone may have heard that he was the last emperor of the feudal dynasty.
His life is legendary, and he became emperor at the age of three, witnessing the collapse of the old dynasty to the rising sun of new China. Such a tragic figure who survived in the torrent of the times, everyone's evaluation of him was mixed.
As the supreme ruler of the feudal period of the mainland, after his death, the emperor will be given a nickname, and every emperor in the history of the continent has a nickname.
Puyi, as the last emperor of China's imperial dynasty, was also the only emperor without a title.
Puyi
After Puyi's death, the Imperial Family of the Qing Dynasty, who had retreated to Taiwan, gave him a nickname, believing that he had no merit and hard work, but this title has not yet been recognized by the people.
Ridiculous ups and downs
In 1908, three-year-old Puyi was forced to leave his birth mother and go to a completely unfamiliar place, the Forbidden City. In ignorance, he became the emperor of Noda China.
The small body sat on a wide imperial chair, and his whole life was imprisoned. At that time, Puyi did not understand what Jiangshan was, and only knew how to open his mouth under the service of his mother and a group of eunuchs.
However, he only served as emperor for three years, and when Puyi was six years old, the Xinhai Revolution ended the feudal dynasty and Yuan Shikai established the Republic of China.
Under the force of the Beiyang warlords led by Yuan Shikai, Empress Dowager Cixi issued an edict of abdication. Puyi was also forced to abdicate. Less than ten months after Puyi's abdication, Yuan Shikai became the provisional president of the Republic of China.
At the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi was only six years old, so Puyi at this time had no concept of abdication at all.
Of course, the government of the Republic of China also issued conditions to allow Puyi to continue to live in the Forbidden City, but also to retain the emperor's honorific title, and will also provide 4 million taels of silver to the imperial family every year.
This is not a small amount, so Puyi's life after his abdication is not very different from before. Eating and wearing are as extravagant as ever. Even if the situation outside is turbulent, the Forbidden City is like a paradise.
Zhang Xun
However, such a day did not last long, after the death of Yuan Shikai, Zhang Xun was restored, Puyi sat on the emperor's throne again, the young Puyi did not understand what restoration meant, he only knew that he did not have to study, and he had to accept the prostrations of various people every day.
Only a few days after the happy days, the palace was hit by an air raid, which was also the first air raid in Chinese history.
The people in the palace did not know how to deal with it at all, but just hid in the house, thinking that everything would be fine, not knowing that the wheel of history would not stop because of individuals.
A wave of resistance to Zhang Xun's restoration was set off all over the country, and Zhang Xun fled to the Netherlands in fear.
At this time, although Puyi was ignorant on the surface, he also felt a little. He felt sorrow and fear, and he understood that his career as emperor was once again over.
In 1924, Feng Yuxiang staged a coup d'état in Beijing, and the 19-year-old Puyi and his family were expelled from the palace. In a daze, he was forced to leave the oppressive cage from which he had once wanted to escape.
At that time, Puyi should be afraid, completely incapable of survival, how should he face a new life after leaving the palace. He didn't even dare to think about it, he felt that the National Government had turned its back on him.
Subsequently, Sun Dianying's behavior was even more infuriating, and under the guise of military exercises, he dug up the graves of Kangxi and Cixi, in order to take the pearl of the night, stirring up the people after death could not rest in peace, and the gold and silver jewelry was robbed, which stimulated Puyi.
In addition, at this time, the Japanese Embassy tried its best to win Over Puyi and wanted to use him to establish the puppet state of Manchukuo, perhaps because he was not willing to cut off the inheritance created by his ancestors in his own hands.
He tried to change the current situation, at this time he really strongly wanted to revive the Qing Dynasty, so his perception of himself was inflated, he felt that he could succeed, so he became a traitor and defected to Japan.
With the help of the Japanese, Puyi fled to the Tianjin Concession, where the great powers gave him the status of "special Chinese" and honored him as "Emperor Puyi", at this time Puyi wore suits, ate Western food, and used foreign goods, fully integrated into Western life. He also learned to drive and was in and out of luxury play areas.
Tianjin made Puyi broaden his horizons, drunken gold fans, brocade and jade food, he even felt that Tianjin was better than the imperial palace. Life is extremely luxurious, he has tried all the new things, and he has been mixed for seven years.
After the September 18 Incident, Puyi came to the northeast, in this country established by the Japanese, Puyi became the emperor again as he wished, where he wanted to exert his imperial power and fantasize about achieving a great achievement like the Kangxi Emperor of that year.
But he did not expect that he was just a tongue of the Japanese, and he had to listen to the Japanese for everything. At this time, Puyi seems to have seen the true face of the Japanese, but it is too late, and it is difficult to ride the tiger.
Puyi had a rather depressed life. On the day of his accession to the throne, the Japanese did not even allow him to wear a dragon robe, nor did they allow him to worship the Buddha, forcing him to worship the Japanese god of Amaterasu, for which Puyi also went to Japan to greet the god of the god, and later even his private life had to be monitored 24 hours a day.
These operations are telling Puyi that he recognizes his own status and that the puppet must be self-aware. And this puppet emperor, Puyi did it for fourteen years.
Japan surrendered in August 1945, and his career as emperor came to an end.
After ascending the throne three times, none of which held real power himself, Puyi had been a puppet for the first half of his life, first as a puppet emperor of the Qing Dynasty, then as a puppet emperor of puppet Manchukuo, and in the middle he was a puppet emperor of warlords for several days.
Life during the renovation
After Japan surrendered, Puyi was captured by the Red Army and taken to the Soviet Union.
After being brought to the Soviet Union, Puyi was not subjected to inhuman abuse, on the contrary, the Soviet government took great care of him, not only arranging a separate room for Puyi, but also arranging a personal doctor for Puyi to recuperate for him.
Daily life is also very leisurely, providing four meals a day, as well as irregular snacks, no labor, just reading books, writing and writing.
Puyi also wanted to stay in the Soviet Union for a while, and wrote a letter to Stalin asking to join the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, but many applications failed.
In 1950, Puyi was escorted back to China and began a 9-year long transformation study. During this period, he seriously reformed and wrote an autobiography of the first half of his life.
Due to the good performance of the transformation, he returned to Beijing, the first thing after returning to Beijing was to go to the hukou, when the hukou, the staff did not know Puyi's identity to ask Puyi about the home address, Puyi awkwardly replied that his home was the Forbidden City.
The staff was very embarrassed to say that it was not filled in casually, Puyi was helpless, and finally could only fill in the address of Puyi's sister's home.
Later, Puyi bought a ticket and returned to his former home. But everything is human. Growing up in a home, now it has become a tourist attraction, and you still need to buy tickets to get in, which is cruel.
He traveled all the way, described with others along the way, talked about the interesting things that happened in the palace, talked about the scene where Taifu taught himself to read, and talked about the difference between himself and his grandmother.
He spoke in a calm tone, as if he were speaking about someone else's experience. However, time and space are intertwined, and everything is changed to a new orbit.
After the founding of New China, Puyi received amnesty and began a new life as a Chinese citizen. He began to participate in collective labor, learned to live on his own, and as he was old, he groped like a child in a world he had never understood before.
The middle-aged Puyi chose to go to the botanical garden as an ordinary worker, which is his deep heart to put down his identity, once the servant who once served him saw Puyi in the suburbs and bowed to him, but Puyi waved goodbye.
Identity is only, he has long been put down in his heart.
Willing to be an ordinary person, this is puyi worthy of admiration. When we respect history, we look at problems with a broad vision. You will find that the ability to flex and stretch is the real emperor.
Although Puyi was not a truly status emperor, he was an ordinary descendant of Ai Xinjueluo, and he completely accepted such an ending.
Puyi's life is undoubtedly sad, when he was born, the Great Qing Storm was shaky, when he ascended the throne, the Empire State Building would fall, he was forced to leave his hometown after abdication, and he had no choice but to lose his beloved when he surrendered to Japan, and he could finally live a peaceful life after transformation.
Therefore, Puyi may just be a pawn who has been given the identity of an emperor, struggling hard in the whirlpool of the collision of new and old ideas, but unable to return to heaven.
From the time he entered the palace at the age of three, he only had one role left in his life, playing a puppet, whether it was a puppet of the late Qing Dynasty, a puppet of a warlord, or a puppet of the Japanese.
But to some extent, Puyi is also lucky. Although Puyi suffered mentally in the first half of his life, he was not affected much in the quality of life, and his life was still rich most of the time.
In that turbulent and turbulent era, human life was like grass, and thousands of people were silently starved, shot, and blown up, while he was dressed in fine clothes, food came to open his mouth, and clothes came to stretch out his hands.
Puyi received a good education and came into contact with many Western gadgets. Bicycles, cars, tennis balls, telephones, things that most people had never heard of at the time, were not his means of entertainment.
Unrecognized nicknames
On October 17, 1967, the 61-year-old Puyi died of uremia, and how to deal with Puyi's body became a big problem.
Puyi's wife did not dare to make decisions without permission, and later Premier Zhou decided whether Puyi's body was cremated and the destination was selected, and it was decided that all of them would be handled by the Aixin Jueluo family.
The Ai Xin Jue Luo family then decided to cremate Puyi, and he became the first emperor in Chinese history to be cremated with a corpse.
His wife placed his ashes in the royal cemetery for a period of 15 years, when Puyi was accompanied only by a five-dollar urn.
Although Puyi completed the transformation from emperor to citizen at this time, in the eyes of the descendants of the Qing Dynasty royal family, no matter how his identity changed, Puyi had to have a title as emperor before.
Therefore, Puyi's descendants also formulated a nickname for him--愍. This nickname is actually pejorative, because he has not done anything for the country in his life, he just has the name of emperor.
As a result, this move caused great dissatisfaction among the people, first of all, everyone believed that the Qing Dynasty was already in the past tense, and the People's Republic of China did not have a name. If Puyi is given a nickname, is it not an indirect acknowledgement that the Qing Dynasty did not perish?
Secondly, some people believe that Puyi's deeds are not worthy of having a nickname, in order to give power to the Japanese as emperors, betray the country and seek glory, sell the sovereignty and minerals of the northeast, and sell the cultural relics of the Forbidden City.
In the northeast, he promoted enslavement education and served as the emperor of the puppet state of Manchukuo, and for a long time he stood against the country and the people.
He betrayed his country, and although he was very helpless in history, it was also well documented. So everyone thinks he doesn't deserve a nickname.
No excuse can wash him white. It is extremely unfair to the process of Democratization in China, which was paved with the blood of benevolent people, and even more unfair to the tens of millions of Chinese people who died and were injured in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
There were also many people who hated the Qing government, and the people regarded this period of history as a history of humiliation, slaughtering and plundering, closing off the country, cutting off land and paying reparations, the First Opium War, the burning of the Yuanmingyuan, the Treaty of Nanjing, the Sino-British Treaty of Beijing, various treaties of trade, the lease of Hong Kong and Macao, the Shanghai Concession, the Sino-Japanese War, the Sino-French War, and so on.
It seems that all the suffering suffered by Chinese for thousands of years occurred at the end of the Qing Dynasty, so it is understandable that they did not recognize Puyi's nickname.
Looking back on Puyi's life, from ascending the throne as emperor at the age of three, to the emperor of puppet Manchukuo, and finally becoming a citizen of the republic.
With the change of the times, the different identities crossed, from the idea of a solipsistic emperor to the back to sew clothes for themselves. He is guilty, but he is more like a victim of the changing times.
Of course, it cannot be denied that Puyi is full of desire for the identity of the emperor and for power, and he has become accustomed to the environment of hugging back and forth and looking at all sentient beings.
He was also unwilling to be swept away by the torrent of the times and looked down upon by everyone, so he would be deceived by the lies of Japanese imperialism manchukuo.
But because of his special social status, in that social context, the contenders for social interests are bound to use it as a tool, and Puyi, who has no power to bind the chicken, can only do is a puppet who deceives himself.
Puyi's hateful point is that as the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, he did not make any beneficial contribution to his country, but instead wanted to unite with Japan to regain his rights.
Emptiness has a yearning for power, but not the ambitions and thoughts that a king should have.
But the decline of dynasties, the desolation of institutions, the alternation of old and new. Puyi is not a poor person under the shadow. What we sigh is not what he regrets.
For most of his life, he was like a marionette, and the hands behind his back were constantly changing. His experience from emperor to commoner was like a yellow sorghum dream.
Such a life of ups and downs, the taste of which only he can understand. For such historical figures, we should look at them dialectically and be more tolerant.